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Народний Малахій

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Гостра і безжалісна сатира на пореволюційну дійсність у радянській Україні, глибокий і трагічний дисонанс між гаслами революції та реальними наслідками — характеризують твір Миколи Куліша.

Ім'я головного героя, Малахія, означає «пророк, посланець Божий», що вказує на основну проблему п'єси — проблему фальшивого самопроголошеного месії. Автор наголошує на неможливості втілення в життя утопічної ідеології та утвердження гуманістичних цінностей шляхом утиску індивідуальної свободи та людських жертв.

67 pages, Unknown Binding

First published January 1, 1927

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About the author

Mykola Kulish

21 books8 followers
Микола Куліш - the most famous Ukrainian playwright of the twentieth century. After his mother’s early death, Kulish spent most of his childhood in orphanages and charity homes. He finished his early education thanks to the financial support of distant acquaintances. He began writing satirical poems and plays as a gymnasium student in Oleshky. After graduating from the gymnasium in Poti (now in Georgia) in 1914, he studied history and philology at Odesa University. Kulish’s university education was interrupted by the outbreak of the First World War. He was conscripted into the Russian Army, took part in military campaigns as an infantry officer in Galicia, Volhynia, and Belarus, and thus came into contact with the Ukrainian national movement. In 1917 Kulish was wounded at the front and discharged. Later that year he served as head of the town council in Oleshky. He participated in the Ukrainian Struggle for Independence (1917–20), organizing a guerrilla regiment to fight the Russian Volunteer Army in Southern Ukraine and distinguishing himself as its commanding officer.

Kulish wrote fourteen plays. Six of them were published during his lifetime. He became famous after the stage success in 1924 of his first play, 97, which is generally considered the beginning of Soviet Ukrainian drama and the first major play written in the USSR as a whole. It was, however, not staged as Kulish had written it, but was censored by first production’s director, Hnat Yura, who changed Kulish’s tragic finale to an ideologically correct, optimistic one. Kulish’s subsequent plays shared similar fates and were heavily censored or banned outright by the Soviet authorities. As a dramatist, Kulish initially devoted his efforts to portraying the postrevolutionary struggle among the peasantry of Southern Ukraine. Besides 97, the plays on that subject included Komuna v stepakh (A Commune in the Steppes, 1925) and, several years later, the final work in his ‘village trilogy’—Proshchai, selo (Farewell, Village, 1933). The Soviet censors forced him not only to revise the latter, but even to rename it Povorot Marka (Marko's Return, 1934), deeming the original title an allusion to the destruction of the traditional Ukrainian village by Soviet collectivization and the Famine-Genocide of 1932–3.

During the second phase of his dramaturgy, Kulish turned to writing comedy and satire. In Otak zahynuv Huska (That’s How Huska Perished, 1925) and Khulii Khuryna (1926), which harked back to Nikolai Gogol’s themes and motifs, he ridiculed the attitudes and prejudices of both prerevolutionary Russian imperial society and of the new Soviet bureaucracy. The culmination of his of demythologization of the Bolshevik revolution was his melodrama Zona (Ergot, 1926), which Kulish later reworked and renamed Zakut (Dead End, 1929). He also wrote a ‘linguistic comedy,’ Myna Mazailo (1929), where, in a manner akin to Molière, he satirized the political and social impact of the Soviet policy of Ukrainization.

During his most productive and creative period as a playwright and close collaborator of Les Kurbas and the Berezil theater, Kulish abandoned the style and tools of traditional, realist dramaturgy. Instead, he experimented with expressionist and avant-garde writing, often combining it with elements of the Ukrainian puppet theater (vertep) and school dramas popular of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. His most important trilogy of that period—Narodnii Malakhii (The People's Malakhii, 1927), Patetychna sonata (Sonata pathétique, 1930), and Vichnyi bunt (Eternal Rebellion, 1932)—addresses the stark contradictions between Ukrainian national aspirations and Soviet reality and deals with the inherent conflict between an individual’s aspirations and a society’s principles.

http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/...

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Displaying 1 - 6 of 6 reviews
Profile Image for Inna.
822 reviews250 followers
October 13, 2022
П’єса була видана 1927 року, а заборонена - 1929 року.
Малахій Минович Стаканчик підтримує революцію і розробив проєкти, спрямовані на «реформу людину». Свободу вирішувати, як ощасливити людей, має лише він, Малахій, обраний, що височіє над іншими. Це не може не привести до конфлікту з суспільством, зі світом, і тут, незважаючи на Раду Народних Комісарів, я часом згадувала Дон Кіхота (подальший пошук інформації про трагікомедію підтвердив мені, що паралель з донкіхотством тут мені не ввижається). Ну, хто такий Нармахнар, ви і самі дізнаєтеся.

Ви помічали, що Миколу Куліша (так-так, якого розстріляли) незаслужено мало ставлять на сучасній українській сцені?
62 reviews1 follower
June 15, 2023
I read the English translation in the Zaleska Onyshkevych anthology. A woman in our class said it was the first work she’d come across that expressed the feel and personalities of small-town Ukraine so well. As satire, it was fascinating, as it was particularly hard to work out where the author’s sympathies finally sat - which makes it all the more interesting. It was also amazing to explore the tension between Ukrainian nationalism and the USSR occupation - a link barely explored in Anglophone circles. Here’s hoping for more translations & a revival of interest in Western Europe in the years to come!
19 reviews
October 19, 2024
Що де куди... Ну Микола Куліш, вмієте ви здивувати!
Profile Image for Alona.
211 reviews1 follower
November 2, 2024
Відкрила для себе Миколу Куліша. Добре, що зараз його твори входять до шкільної програми.
Народний Малахій - справжній божевільний з його радянськими реформами людини. Жалко Любаню.
Profile Image for Вікторія Слінявчук.
136 reviews13 followers
December 20, 2025
"З ласки великої матері нашої революції я помазався народним наркомом..." - І як це тільки дозволили ставити за радянщини.
Profile Image for Tina.
60 reviews
June 12, 2025
Кожна з пʼяти дій пʼєси - яскраве та самобутнє дійство. Ми бачимо село, ревком, божевільню, завод та, врешті решт, бордель.. Ми бачимо мрійника Малахія, який спочатку був ревним християнином та зразковим сімʼянином, але в якийсь момент з такою ж силою "увірував" в соціалізм і, зрештою, втратив ґлузд.

Для мене це шекспірівська трагедія, яку я перечитувала кілька разів, і тепер мрію побачити на сцені.

А ще цікавим стало самоцитування Куліша, яке я відшукала у "Вічному Бунті":

Дівчина: Ви часом не Малахій Стаканчик, що так шукаєте? До речі, й він, здається, був почтальйоном.

Ромен: Ого! То ви знаєтесь на нашій літературі?

Дівчина: Не зовсім вона наша, але знаю. Про голубомрійне малахіянство знаю.
Displaying 1 - 6 of 6 reviews

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