Alicia Schmidt Camacho’s Migrant Imaginaries explores the “symbolic field in which people come to understand and describe their social being” along the U.S.-Mexico border (5). The bulk of her analysis focuses on the oppositional practices of migrant workers and labor activists in the early to mid-twentieth century. Borrowing from Salman Rushdie, she suggests that the border is not a fixed line but an amorphous place of negotiation between states, individuals, and cultures (2). By emphasizing the experience of migrants and their cultural products, Migrant Imaginaries adds texture to Mae Ngai’s description of the legal constructs that bound migrants into racial, legal, and social categories.
Schmidt Camacho frames the imaginary as kind of “coping” mechanism that allows migrants to retain their humanity in the face of multiple oppressions. Throughout the text, whether examining Chicana Feminists or braceros, Schmidt Camacho emphasizes the role that oral performance, shared narratives, and the vernacular plays in constructing the migrant imaginary and the migrant identity. She notes that these forms of dissemination are important because of their “evocation of deep racial memory” that can “become a material force for change” (105). This holds true for both campfire songs of the braceros and the testimony of the obrera before human rights commissions.
Her source material includes disparate fragments of the migrant imaginary, including photographs, poetry, folk songs, and testimonies before official commissions. Additionally, her methodology mixes formal analysis of images and poetry with history and economics. Migrant Imaginaries uses a Marxist frame with a heavy emphasis on the conditions of labor as well as the production of narratives of resistance. The theoretical basis for the book pulls from such different authors as Amartya Sen, Sigmund Freud, and Donna Haraway. Schmidt Camacho clearly feels confident in all of these realms and each adds a layer of nuance to her arguments. However, this breadth of theory, source material, and methodology created a slightly disjointed book. It strikes me that a truly great interdisciplinary book manages to pull from these different pools of resources without drawing attention to just how different the source materials are from each other.