Nelson, a small town in northwest England, provides an illuminating example of a Victorian "New Town". In its economy, politics, and culture, Nelson is exceptional: a town based almost exclusively on industry, it played a pioneering role in Labour politics and was known as one of the "Red" centers which sponsored left-wing ideals at a time of economic depression. Jeffrey Hill uses a wide range of primary and secondary sources to characterize Nelson as an ambiguous mixture of local and international dimensions he describes as "parochial cosmopolitanism".