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Sikodiwa: Revisiting Filipino Indigenous Wisdom for Personal and Shared Well-Being

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Researcher and lecturer Carl Lorenz Cervantes explores the timeless wisdom, ancestral worldviews, and spiritual tools of Filipino psychology and culture—and offers Indigenous ways of knowing for all readers, Filipino and non-Filipino alike.

Drawing from folklore, language, ethnography, and personal story, Sikodiwa is a mind-opening exploration for readers of Braiding Sweetgrass and Fresh Banana Leaves


Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa pinanggalingan ay hindi makararating sa Those who do not honor their roots will never reach their destination.
—Filipino proverb

For centuries, Filipino lifeways were presented to outsiders through the distorted lens of colonization—and the oppression, exploitation, and denigration suffered by Filipino ancestors are well-documented. Here, Carl Lorenz Cervantes draws from Filipino folklore, language, and culture to reorient toward an Indigenous one that rejects being seen as a passive object in history. That reclaims Filipino identity, storytelling, and liberation on Filipino terms. And that embraces a powerful We are the descendants of our colonized ancestors, but we are also the grandchildren of the revolution.

Rooted in Indigenous Filipino worldviews, Sikodiwa offers a vital exploration

reclaiming and restoring Indigenous worldviewsCosmic Defining Indigenous through the lens of creation myths Navigating processes of decolonization and the vagueness of cultural identityDeep Folk healing, native spirituality, and deep, mystical realitiesCultural navigating the complexities of identity and reconnecting with our most authentic selvesReclaiming Challenging stereotypes about Filipino cultural valuesTowards Kapwa: Understanding shared identity—and learning how it manifestsRevolution and fate: Applying cultural frameworks and existential tools to self-help practices
Cervantes also shows how we can apply vital cultural frameworks to our own self-help and empowerment practices, from learning to use existential tools like Bahala na (letting go of burden) to understanding the inherently collective meaning-making of Kasaysayan (history). A vital contribution to a more inclusive world psychology, Sikodiwa uplifts Indigenized ways of knowing—and offers a timely and inspired path toward collective consciousness, cultural authenticity, and embodied well-being.

204 pages, Kindle Edition

Published December 2, 2025

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Carl Lorenz Cervantes

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5 stars
23 (41%)
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21 (37%)
3 stars
7 (12%)
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Displaying 1 - 22 of 22 reviews
Profile Image for Freya Luna.
18 reviews
January 4, 2026
This book reads like a brain spa where you get a thorough massage that hits the right spots! I could listen to this man yap all day and never get bored.

Carl’s reflections on Kapwa and the ways our individual selves diverge from our sense of community, or shared humanity, clearly illuminate many of the conditions and attitudes we carry as Filipinos. As someone born and raised in the Philippines, I recognize the struggles Carl describes with striking familiarity. His personal anecdotes, paired with grounded research, feel deeply resonant. I find myself marveling at how this book calls me back into alignment with Kapwa. The tone is subtle, yet it lands with precision, biting exactly where it should. This work hits uncomfortably, and powerfully, close to home.

P.S. This should be a required reading for my students in Filipino Psych :)

Also, Appreciate the way it was written. It doesn’t read like a tedious textbook. It reads like someone is just yapping in a Ted Talk. :)
Profile Image for Nor.
133 reviews
May 20, 2026
I don’t know who this book is for totally … some interesting ideas but author puts so many disclaimers in front of his ideas such that he never really achieves a flow state for his argument.
Profile Image for Isabella.
47 reviews1 follower
February 15, 2026
so intriguing how much relied on linguistics - some of the tagalog parts were stuff i already knew but the concepts of surwano was new to me, and the stuff i learned were interesting! very conversational while being in depth
Profile Image for Wynette Aplasen.
13 reviews
April 2, 2026
A great intro to Filipino psychology/folklore. I finished this book with a strong urge to learn more about Philippine folklore.
Profile Image for Dessylyly.
125 reviews
January 17, 2026
It struck me how intuitive the concepts are here; sometimes mistaking it for the author stating the obvious but which may, in fact, be non-obvious to those coming from a different background.

This is a beautiful exploration of the Filipino way of being through a more scholarly lens. Tagalog everyday words I grew up with (kapwa, sarili, loob...) as symbols and a gateway into learning more about our psyches. Basically the felt vs cognitive experience.

It so happened that this book found its way to me during a personal period of spiritual starvation having been a decade since I chose to disengage with my Catholic upbringing and ten years on finding the world so devoid of meaning and empathy and so dissonant with what used to be intuitive to humans. And so I flirted with the idea of going back to Catholicism just to feel something, even if only for the rituals, only to find I still couldn't disentangle it from its colonial history and all the conservatism etc. etc.

Cervantez offers a more empowering outlook on this: see the indigenised elements of Christianity we still practice today back home and observe how it all feels right to the Filipino heart. We've taken what speaks to us. And beyond the religion debacle, there's more: reevaluating Filipino attitudes that have been demonised in recent times the further we engage deeper with foreign, capitalistic systems; ways of out crises through pakikiramdam and pakikisama and which eventually, hopefully, turn to makikibaka. Yes, it does read more like a self-help rather than a deep dive into the world of Filipino psychology but without the trappings of the usual self-help books on how to be more loaded :)))
Profile Image for Jess C.
21 reviews
June 23, 2026
4.4
Will need to revisit a few more times to really let everything sink in. Highly recommend to fil-ams longing to find out more about their roots and identity (:
Profile Image for Neriel.
10 reviews1 follower
February 3, 2026
Essential reading for any Filipino to understand our collective psyche, and collective possibilities
Profile Image for star.
85 reviews2 followers
June 12, 2026
sikodiwa by filipino researcher carl lorenz cervantes presents a framework for understanding and interacting with the filipino experience through a decolonised lens. it explores the field of filipino psychology through concepts that are familiar to any filipino.

i was really excited about this book at first. there isn't a lot of accessible books about filipino psychology, and the premise of specifically looking at the world through an indigenous filipino viewpoint caught my eye. however, the author makes a distinction early on that his usage of the term 'indigenous' is separate from 'Indigenous' with a big I, the latter referring to "protected cultures and communities that have somehow resisted colonial influence". not even getting into the questionable use of 'somehow' as if the history is unknown, i don't really agree with this usage and distinction. the author says, "whenever I refer to the indigenous, I simply refer to what grows naturally from the land we cultivate." throughout the book, he uses the term indigenous to refer generally to filipinos and filipino culture. while i understand that it's hard to describe a central filipino-ness due to our history as a country that only started being a country during colonial rule, as well as the waves of migration and settlers before then, borrowing (to put it nicely) the term 'indigenous' to refer to people who are not by law nor culture nor blood indigenous seems like a direct contradiction to decolonisation efforts. you could argue that 'indigenous' used in the context of being 'born or originating from a particular country'; 'not imported' can indeed be used to refer to those born in the philippine islands, but that ignores the wider use of the term to specifically mean indigenous peoples, as in katutubo. i want to believe that this usage is just a misplaced but well meaning effort to reframe the filipino identity, but it comes off as a marketing term more than anything, as if indigeneity necessarily lends more legitimacy to the filipino concepts in the book. it is enough to speak about and define filipino-ness without co-opting terms that don't universally define the filipino born in the philippines.

apart from that, the book greatly suffers from the author's tendency to go on tangents and his editor's lack of discernment. there is some valuable wisdom in the book, but much of it is buried in what reads as personal rants disguised as discussion and bad editing that lets topics jump from one to another, sometimes being picked up in another chapter and leading to a repetition of concepts without new information. somewhere in the chapter 'my own education', the author says, "I was told that the way I used to discuss things made it seem that I knew more than everyone else without considering what they already knew. I was, in effect, just monologuing." whoever this acquaintance was, they were right—much of the book is monologues that a better writer and editor would know we could do without. the author also overexplains himself; there's so many disclaimers and justifications that are past the reasonable academic defining of terms. at times it comes off as looking down on his audience and other times it shows he is unsure of his footing when it comes to his own ideas. because of the latter, unfortunately the most interesting parts of the book are those which are not his but references to other academics' works.

above all, i think the reason why this book lost me is that the entire book has a tinge of bourgeois pretension. in the 'ways of knowing' portion of the 'learning and unlearning' chapter he talks about how to conduct indigenous research in such a clinical way you would think he isn't talking about interactions with other human beings. he often goes back and forth between talking about filipino psychological concepts as inherent to the filipino and then as concepts he only absorbed through his studies, othering (perhaps subconsciously) certain parts of the culture from himself. there were times that i wondered if he has internalised the decolonisation efforts he teaches, because although he rightly cautions against the exoticisation of filipino culture he often comes off as doing the same. in a portion about commodification, he talks about beautiful places in the philippines but only mentions the most popular tourist spots, and at one point says, "You can also brave the narrow, steep, winding roads that lead to the northern mountains, where Indigenous communities still practice their ancient traditions," which if i'm being honest sounds like a line from a western documentary about 'exotic' cultures. in one of his monologues, he claims that if he had written this book in the past, "It would have been burned, and I would have been arrested," which emphasises a self-importance he exudes throughout the book. he also uses the term 'ethnic' ("ethnic knowledge", "ethnic patterns"), a term commonly used to mean exotic, when 'traditional' or 'indigenous' could be used in its place. i'm also curious why he used the term 'pampango' instead of 'kapampangan', when the former is an older spanish term to refer to the kapampangan people which is very rarely used nowadays. all this reflect a disconnect between what he teaches and what he lives. and while decolonisation will always be an ongoing effort, it distracts from what he wants to say.

really, really disappointing read.
Profile Image for Trees.
1 review
April 6, 2026
I knew I was off to a meaningful journey when I first read, “I pray you have a safe journey. Return safely home.” right from Sikodiwa’s intro.

None of the existing beliefs that were mentioned have surprised me, for they are rooted in the culture and the lifestyle of Filipinos (and it is my lived experience!). However, I believe that the transformation lies within the confrontation and interrogation of these beliefs. The book embodies and emphasizes the value of connecting to people through language which made the exploration more significant and rooted to memory and collective experience.

It has been exciting to interrogate my existing beliefs and explore more questions and ideas on culture, heritage, history, faith, spirituality and the Filipino identity in precolonial and postcolonial Philippines.

“Culture is invulnerable because we are alive, and so long as humans continue to interact with their physical and social environments, culture persists.”

To explore the culture with respect, grace, and nuance have been an absolute joy.
Profile Image for Fatma.
160 reviews3 followers
March 19, 2026
It took me about 6 weeks to finish this book. I felt like it was a book that I needed to take my time with and absorb.

Incredibly written, well researched non fiction book. I learned a lot from this book and will probably continue to use it as a reference. The passion of the author/researcher really shows through.

I do not have any Tagalog lineage and so a lot of the Tagalog translations / sentences did not hit home with me. Although I find their use in this book important. I couldn’t help but say within me - I wish there was a Bisaya version, I wish there was a Bisaya version.

Overall, a must read for all Filipinos. I really commend the author and this important piece of work that he has produced.
Profile Image for mariel ⭒.ೃ࿔.
143 reviews8 followers
April 25, 2026
SOOO NECESSARY! this book combats the idea that indigenous wisdom is solely meant to remain in the past, and fights imposed notions of western supremacy. I ended up writing about this for my Advanced Filipino language final and think that contextualizing well-known cultural like utang na loob and hiya in kapwa and a tayo mentality over a kaniya-kaniya one helped to reframe my view of Filipino values. a WONDERFUL reminder that liberation begins when we consider the collective and attempt to break out of the systems not meant to serve our mental health, our wellbeing, and the love for ourselves and others. the reminder to come home to ourselves in the introduction already got me, I think this is essential reading for those in and beyond the Filipino diaspora !!!!
Profile Image for Ken Li.
6 reviews
May 30, 2026
Reading SIKODIWA felt like being invited into an ongoing conversation about identity, culture, and what it means to be Filipino. The book constantly moves between defining and questioning, creating a push and pull that is present throughout much of the reading experience. At times, this tension can feel emotionally tiring, as ideas are introduced, challenged, reframed, and expanded. Yet that same tension is also what makes the book feel deeply human. Rather than offering a single definition of Filipinoness, it explores the many ways history, colonization, language, values, beliefs, community, and culture continue to shape how we understand ourselves.

What stayed with me most was the book’s invitation to look inward while also looking outward. It argues that identity is not something isolated within the self, but something formed through our kapwa, our environment, our history, and the communities we belong to. The strongest sections are those that connect everyday beliefs, values, and social norms to larger questions about culture and being. By the end, the book becomes less about answering what makes someone Filipino and more about understanding that being human and being Filipino are both ongoing journeys of meaning-making, shaped by our relationship with ourselves, others, and the world around us.
Profile Image for arabella.
32 reviews
April 28, 2026
a lot to unpack! i’ve always loved sociology and learning about the process of culture. though the earlier parts were a bit more technical in terms of linguistics and setting the Filipino context, i absolutely adored the latter chapters. so much thought-provoking discussions regarding Filipino culture, the self, the concept of kapwa, and spirituality.

also, the last line felt like a hug. great read!
Profile Image for Helen.
366 reviews
October 25, 2025
I found this book really interesting as a white western women who has many Filipino colleagues and have visited the country. It gave me many insights into the cultural background and some more in-depth explanations on things I have become aware of - for example lip pointing and tree spirits. I hope it finds a wide audience. Thanks to North Atlantic books for the ARC.
Profile Image for aries.
74 reviews
March 27, 2026
Sikodiwa surprised me in the ways it broadened my understanding of the world: it challenged & reoriented my conception of decolonization, Catholicism, & ancestral wisdom. must read for anyone, Filipino or not, there are universal truths to be discovered or re-visited. May we reconnect with our intuitive ways of being & return to kapwa
Profile Image for miguel.
226 reviews3 followers
May 17, 2026
i loved this book! i love how this mixes the author's personal lives, a nuanced look at our history and our values, and the general storytelling and weaving of chapters. i was worried it would be a little too academic, but it actually wasn't. it was an easy read and i hope the author makes a book that tackles more on his supernatural/mythical research on filipino folklore/mysticism
Profile Image for David.
19 reviews
June 23, 2026
I'm half-Filipino born in New Zealand. My dad's from Negros Occidental, the same province as Carl's mother and I spent a few years in the Philippines when I was a child in the late 2000s. I would consider it a highly formative time of my life. I've been aware of Filipino psychology for about a year but haven't tried delving into it much until now. I am really glad to have discovered this book. It is very inspiring and validating with respect to the cultural differences and particularities I recall from my youth and how my culture has shaped me to this day. It serves as a great primer and entry into Filipino ways of becoming on its own terms.

My favorite part was reading this part of the book and how it hit me.

The act of loving is called pag-ibig, and ibig refers to sincerity. The phrase ibig sabihin refers to something a person really wants to say (saloobin), a truth from the deepest self (kalooban). The friend is kaibigan: it is ibig (sincerity), with the prefix ka (connection, like the English co-) and the suffix -an (participative action, such as in chasing games, habulan, or hiding games, tagu-taguan)


I've heard the words countless times and said it myself and never really thought about the meaning on a fine level. Admittedly my grasp of Filipino and Hiligaynon isn't strong although I can still understand both at a conversational level. The language thesis is observational but having just finished reading Leonardo N. Mercado's The Filipino Mind before this, I feel a deep appreciation for how considerate and empathetic our languages are in accounting for participants in a conversation and the direction of the action towards them. A friend is literally a participatory connection of love with someone else.

The ways of thinking and relating in here just make sense to me, even when they have their downsides either due to misuse or incompatibility with different cultural paradigms. The author is only a couple of years older than me and it felt good to read observations paralleling mine. I am not tapped into other Filipinos diasporic experiences but I've always felt a shared sense of kapwa long after I moved back to NZ and Carl's work feels like a call to action for me to carry forth my roots and the wisdom I've always intuitively known but never had the language or perspective to express. This book has allowed me to better reflect and appreciate the experiences of both my father in adapting to a new life and my relatives back in the Philippines.

I will read any book Carl chooses to write in the future; consider me a budding fan for life. I feel like he is doing very important work for people like me.
Profile Image for Jeanne.
21 reviews
June 1, 2026
Even after completing my degree in Psychology, I remain deeply interested in learning and reading about the subject—particularly how psychological phenomena are reflected in Filipino culture. *Sikodiwa*, by psychologist and researcher Carl Lorenz Cervantes, meets that interest perfectly. I discovered it through Fully Booked’s 2026 Reading Challenge under the category ‘book about society and people,’ and immediately included it in my first purchases of the year.

While centered on Filipinos, the book ultimately explores what it means to be human. I enjoyed reading the author’s perspective on topics such as cultural identity, learning and unlearning, authenticity, and other themes that invite readers to reflect deeply.

Another highlight was how the book introduced new meanings and interpretations of familiar Filipino words we use daily.

Even if psychology isn’t your main interest, I believe this book is a valuable reference for understanding ourselves—not only as Filipinos, but as human beings in general.
Displaying 1 - 22 of 22 reviews