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Krampus: The History and Legacy of the Mythological Figure Who Punishes Children During the Christmas Season

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“'Tis late night in Bavaria, and all through the village, the grownups are drunk, full of beer and such swillage; While children a-tremble, hide deep in their beds, fearful the Krampus will rip off their heads.” (Ann Hart, “Krampusnacht”, 2016)

The History and Legacy of the Mythological Figure Who Punishes Children During the Christmas Season examines the pagan and Christian influences of the yuletide villain and dives into the riveting and frightening history behind the creature. You will learn about Krampus like never before.

Christmas is the most important holiday of the year. After the corresponding days that exalt the national pride of each country, such as Independence Day in the US, Victory Day in Russia, or Bastille Day in France, it's December 25 that articulates the life, the work, and the economy in much of the world, including many non-Christian countries. Since ancient times, the beginning of winter has been the occasion for most people to eat, drink, dance, and get together to beat the drum and take a break.

Though Santa had many influences, his most famous is St. Nicholas, a fiercely religious philanthropist who dedicated his life to helping the disadvantaged. He was not just a beloved bishop, but a fierce defender of the faith who remained undaunted in the face of persecution. To brand him a pious and God-fearing individual would be a massive understatement - indeed, he was to those around him the definition of a walking divinity and an unrivaled miracle worker sent straight from Heaven.

After Nicholas of Myra’s death, December 6 became his feast day, and over the centuries, children anticipated his appearance with gifts. However, other children, particularly those of the mischievous sort, trembled under their covers on December 6 because they could not look forward to tinkling sleigh bells or belly-shaking laughs. Instead, they feared the disconcerting sounds of heavy breathing, guttural growls, and rattling chains, all of which came from the terrifying Krampus.

Despite the best efforts of the Catholic Church and other conservative groups, Krampus is in the midst of a major renaissance, penetrating not only modern literature, but even becoming a fixture of pop culture. This is evidenced by the creature's recent starring roles in the films Krampus, Night of the Krampus, and Mother Krampus and its cameos in such TV shows and animations as Grimm, Supernatural, American Dad, and Venture Brothers.

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Published January 25, 2019

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Charles River Editors

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Charles River Editors is an independent publisher of thousands of ebooks on Kindle, Nook, Kobo, and Apple iBookstore & provider of original content for third parties.

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Displaying 1 - 8 of 8 reviews
Profile Image for Christine.
7,240 reviews573 followers
May 22, 2019
A very good run down of the idea/myth/story of Krampus. It not only traces the possible sources for the story but looks at similar figures in different European countries.
Profile Image for MKF.
1,506 reviews
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December 17, 2025
This book is the first time I ever heard that Krampus is supposedly connected to Norse mythology. I doubt that connection is real because they're from two separate regions with separate folklore.
Profile Image for André Selonke.
200 reviews5 followers
December 18, 2024
é o 25 de Dezembro que articula a vida, o trabalho e a economia em grande parte do mundo, inclusive em muitos países não cristãos.

Krampus é visto como o guardião do Pólo Norte com um gosto por crianças mal comportadas.

Ao contrário de Krampus, no entanto, que só é conhecido por fazer um exemplo de crianças problemáticas, Perchta colocava uma moeda de prata junto da almofada do trabalhador e do bem- comportado.

Os personagens mais representados, nesses animais pagãos, eram o Velho Homem do Inverno e o Homem Bode, que os historiadores acreditam que evoluíram, posteriormente, para se tornar o Pai Natal e o Krampus, respetivamente.

Krampus deixava para trás poças de carmesim, rastos de terra e marcas de garras que conduziam à lareira ou à janela do quarto.

O Krampus original teria sido uma besta sem forma, com características em constante mudança, pois este vilão imaginário do período do Yuletide era retratado apenas pelas descrições variáveis fornecidas pelos pais e contadores de histórias, conforme transmitidas pela tradição oral.

A criatura pode determinar o comportamento de uma criança e a pureza de seus pensamentos internos com um rápido toque de sua língua.

Enquanto a besta assexuada é muitas vezes retratada como um cão do inferno revoltado com motivos diabólicos, é também justa e escrupulosa no seu julgamento e na execução das suas atividades. As crianças gentis que honravam os seus pais não precisavam de temer o Krampus, enquanto crianças irreverentes e errantes, por outro lado, tinham boas razões para tremer.

O dia da festa de Krampus recai no dia 5 de Dezembro de cada ano. Para as crianças, é uma festividade agridoce agora conhecida como “Krampusnacht”, ou em português, “Noite de Krampus”. Dito isto, as aparições desta besta natalícia começam já nos últimos dias de Novembro. Krampus continua a vaguear pelas ruas até á segunda semana de Dezembro, altura em que retorna aos Alpes glaciais e regressa á sua caverna, onde permanece pelo resto do ano.

Na verdade, Krampus é o braço direito do Pai Natal, o policia mau do bom policia que é Kris Kringle.

As pessoas acreditam que através de formação e educação adequadas, uma criança se tornará um ser socialmente aceitável, uma pessoa organizada e livre ... é somente através deste processo de educação que alguém pode se tornar humano, [ou] ein richtieger Mensch (uma pessoa real ou verdadeira).”
Profile Image for Adriane Cole.
57 reviews
December 2, 2021
The reading of this book was very dry and academic sounding. Narrator is almost monotone, which made it a little difficult to want to listen to the book. The overall information, story and history of Krampus is fascinating. The book is well written and I feel I would have enjoyed this more had I read the book instead of listened via audio-book.
Profile Image for Marianne Mason Sievers.
72 reviews9 followers
December 8, 2020
Very disappointing in its lack of citations. There were many intriguing references to sociological and anthropological studies that I would have loved to followed up on, but the generalizations in the text left no clue as to which item in the bibliography was being cited.
Profile Image for Apriel.
760 reviews5 followers
December 15, 2019
Pretty good introduction to Krampus. The CRE books really are getting better. This one didn't have any noticeable typos and actually included further reading suggestions at the end.
Displaying 1 - 8 of 8 reviews

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