Max Boot has apparently put together the first "definitive" biography of President Reagan. In his introduction, he frames Reagan's legacy as being wrapped up in Donald Trump, and asks to what extent is Trump the product of Reagan. He also cautions that neither Reagan's adoring fans nor his detractors will likely be satisfied with the book, as it takes a myth-dispelling approach to the former President. Nonetheless, the biography seems to have made a more corrective effort than typical hagiographies, emphasizing the realistic (and realistically bad) over the lionized version of Reagan's life. Boot's book does this in an extremely compelling manner, telling well-sourced and interesting stories about Reagan's life that amount to more than a history book and more than a character study. He weaves the threads of Reagan's career together in a very fulfilling way, showing a simple, generally decent man who seemed "unchanged" by the 8 years he spent in the White House.
I came away from this book with a negative impression of Ronald Reagan. His whole life and career seem to have been characterized by his three most defining traits: Geniality, Haplessness, and Callousness. In the concluding chapter, when describing Reagan's farewell address, Boot runs through a list of Reagan's accomplishments and failures. The positive comments are focused on vibes, such as his stoic and charming recovery from being shot and for his support for democratic transitions in semi-authoritarian US Allies like the Philippines. The negatives run much longer, including a ballooning deficit, a catastrophic response to the AIDS crisis, the Iran-Contra Affair, and a "hollowing out of the middle class." These negatives seem to far outweigh the positives.
Genial: The greatest thing about Reagan is encapsulated in his nickname "The Great Communicator." He has a talent for charming those who meet him and for putting a soft touch on his messages. He was well known for his quips, many of which can be attributed directly to him, rather than his speech writers. Whether debating Jimmy Carter, strategizing with Margaret Thatcher, negotiating with Mikheil Gorbachev, or answering constituent calls and letters in Sacramento, Reagan had an affability that disarmed his opponents and enthralled his supporters. He was manifestly kind and considerate to those around him, though he was aloof and self-serving in most cases. The book repeatedly described how he would fail to get to know his aides and even his children. At the same time, most people came away with a sense of charm and enchantment thanks to Reagan's masterful skills as a communicator, actor, and politician.
Hapless: I can't help but feel that Reagan failed upward his whole life. He was a mediocre student and football player who became a mediocre actor and then a governor who exceeded low expectations and a President who muddled his way through. He seems to have lacked a strong vision for what he wanted for the country--avoiding conflict would lead him to making pragmatist compromises with opposition leaders in Sacramento, Washington, and Moscow. He took little interest in policy details, a feature that likely saved him from serious consequences in the Iran-Contra Affair due to his extremely plausible deniability. His disinterest led him to walk away from the governorship, having become bored with it. It is hard to understand his motivations beyond wanting to be liked and win life's popularity contest.
Callous: Like many politicians, especially those on the right, Reagan demonstrated a lack of macroempathy throughout his life. This creates a contradiction with his personal empathy that he held for individuals. Boot describes a pair of impoverished sisters who wrote him while he was governor and whom he would assist throughout his life, without seeking plaudits for his charity and consideration. At the same time, he was decrying "welfare queens" in Chicago and failing to understand why people couldn't just pursue his dreams, as he had, as if all you needed to become a Hollywood star was a strong work ethic. In the White House, his lack of imagination allowed the AIDS pandemic to spiral nearly out of control. He spared no thoughts for HIV's early victims, really waking up to the severity when one of his wealthy, white, straight Hollywood colleagues contracted the virus and passed it along to her infants through breastfeeding. Reagan couldn't (or wouldn't) easily see the humanity of those unlike him, but could feign interest until an issue struck home with someone he resonated with.
I'm ignoring many of the more salacious elements of Reagan's career, such as his flirtation with white supremacists and his recorded remarks disdaining African nations' accession to the UN, because they distract from the main image of the President as someone who is highly regarded almost wholly because of his good vibes term in office. He gave America its groove back, but at the cost of empowering some of the most divisive elements of American society today. The wealth gap, the overturning of Roe v Wade, the re-rise of muscular Christianity, the polarization of media, all these and more are Reagan's legacy.
Oh, and he helped Americans feel good about themselves throughout the 1980s. I guess that's something.