Zofia Nałkowska's "Medallions" is a haunting testament to the horrors of the Shoah. Living through the Nazi occupation in Warsaw, she witnessed firsthand the devastating impact of the war on the Jewish population. Her subsequent involvement in investigating Nazi crimes provided her with firsthand accounts from survivors and victims.
The book offers a chilling collection of stories collected from actual testimonials, from the macabre tale of soap production from human bodies ("Professor Spanner") to the harrowing experiences of survivors ("The Hole," "Dwojra Zielona"). Nałkowska unflinchingly explores the depths of human cruelty and resilience, painting a vivid picture of the atrocities committed during the Shoah. Through stories of courage, despair, and indifference, she sheds light on the devastating impact of the war on individuals and communities, leaving a lasting and harrowing impression on readers.
"Medallions" offers a deep dive into the personal narratives of individuals who endured unimaginable suffering, offering a stark contrast to the inhumanity of the perpetrators. From the grotesque experiments conducted by Dr. Hubert Spanner ("Professor Spanner") to the revolting experiences of a Polish survivor in Nazi labor camps ("The Hole"), the book explores the brutal conditions, starvation, and forced labor endured by prisoners. The stories also highlight the resilience of survivors, such as Dwojra Zielona, who miraculously survived multiple extermination camps. Other stories, like "The Visa" and "By the Railway Track," explore the ingenuity and courage required to evade Nazi persecution and the tragic consequences of indifference. "The Man Is Strong" examines the moral dilemmas faced by individuals caught in the grip of the Shoah, while "Cemetery Woman" exposes the deep-rooted prejudice and hatred that existed within Polish society. Finally, "The Adults and Children of Auschwitz" provides a factual account of the various methods employed by the Nazis to exterminate Jewish people, highlighting the industrial efficiency of the death camps and the systematic nature of the genocide:
"As we attempt to comprehend the enormous scale of the expedited deaths and war actions that took place on Polish soil, the most powerful emotion that we experience, apart from a sense of menace, is perplexity.
Immeasurable human masses were suffocated and burned in the most scrupulously thought-out, rationalized, efficient, and perfectly organized manner possible. Of course, more self-initiated, amateurish, and personal methods were hardly discouraged either.
Not tens of thousands, not hundreds of thousands, but millions of human beings underwent manufacture into raw materials and goods in the Polish death camps. In addition to well-known spots —like Majdanek, Auschwitz, Birkenau, and Treblinka—we uncover new ones, less famous, one after the other.
Sequestered in forests, among green hills, sometimes a fair distance from the railway tracks, these spots permitted simpler and more economical systems to be set up. So in Tuszynek and the Wisczyna suburb of Łódź, entire beds of the slaughtered have been exhumed.
One in an old palace in Chelmno, situated on a hill with a spectacular view of undulating fields of grass and grain, a second in a half-decimated silo, and yet a third vicinity of an extensive, dense patch of pines, are enough to the number of victims the millions. One small, redbrick building next to Anatomy Institute Wrzeszcz near Gdansk fices for liquefying human fat into soap and flogging the skin of the murdered into parchment..."