"Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences, 10th Edition" continues its legacy of providing a comprehensive synthesis of the latest research findings in the science of aging. This newly revised edition maintains the foundational, classic themes while introducing a wealth of emerging topics and perspectives that advance the field in innovative ways. Readers explore the complexities of population dynamics, cohort succession, and policy changes that shape our world, alongside new insights into the multifaceted nature of aging. This edition includes cutting-edge discussions on addiction and substance use in later life, the impacts of COVID-19 on older adults, and the implications of structural racism and health. In addition to these new themes, this new edition expands on critical areas such as caregiving, rural aging, and the biodemography of aging. Topics like climate change and aging, contemporary challenges in long-term care, and the life course implications of incarceration are explored in depth. With new chapters on sexual and gender minorities in later life and the social influences on cognitive health, this edition offers fresh perspectives and valuable insights.• Includes new chapters on addiction and substance use in later life, impacts of COVID-19 on older adults, and structural racism and health, reflecting the latest research and societal challenges.• Offers insights from fields such as biodemography, ethnography, and computational approaches to understand aging populations.• Addresses critical issues affecting diverse groups, including rural aging, sexual and gender minorities in later life, and the sociocultural variability in the older Latino population.• Explores the implications of Medicare and health policy, long-term care challenges, and the life course impacts of education.• Examines the social influences on cognitive health, social isolation and integration, and the changing dynamics of families and caregiving