(Note: My edition of this book contains three of Zweig's novellas: 'Amok', 'Letter From an Unknown Woman' and 'The Invisible Collection')
I believe Hemingway's theory of iceberg prose can be perfectly applied to Stefan Zweig's writting. During his lifetime, Zweig wrote mostly biographies and novellas, the latter being as short as they are engaging. Written in a clean and polished style, Zweig's stories are characterized by an accessibility that masks their complexity. Here is an author interested in the contemplation of the recesses of the human mind, in exploring the intricacies of human consciousness, and doing so with a simple elegance that lends his works an undeniable power.
There is a passage in ‘Amok’ that serves as a perfect example of the beauty of Zweig’s prose:
"I groped my way to the deck, where there was not a soul to be seen. Looking first at the smoking funnels and the ghostlike spars, I then turned my eyes upward and saw that the sky was clear; dark velvet, sprinkled with stars. It looked as if a curtain had been drawn across a vast source of light, and as if the stars were tiny rents in the curtain, through which that indescribable radiance poured. Never had I seen such a sky.
The night was refreshingly cool, as so often at this hour on a moving ship even at the Equator. I breathed the fragrant air, charged with the aroma of distant isles. For the first time since I had come on board I was seized with a longing to dream, conjoined with another desire, more sensuous, to surrender my body – womanlike - to the night's soft embrace. I wanted to lie down somewhere and gaze at the white hieroglyphs in the starry expanse. But the long chairs were all stacked and inaccessible. Nowhere on the empty deck was there a place for a dreamer to rest."
Thinking of Stefan Zweig writing brings to mind the work of a painter, carefully choosing ink types, mixing colours and playing with textures. The resulting prose is simultaneously rich and fluid, able to paint such vivid pictures, to say so much so poignantly, in such little space, that the reader is left in absolute awe.
A particular and fascinating characteristic of Zweig’s stories is the narrative mechanism he employs: a story within a story. In both ‘Amok’ and ‘The Invisible Collection’ there is a narrator who chronicles an encounter with a figure that describes his past experiences. ‘Letter From an Unknown Woman’, on the other hand, is a third-person narrative about a writer reading the titular letter, shifting then to present to the reader it’s first-person contents; despite being a momentary break from the constant first-person perspective Zweig is known for, it proves very narratively similar to his common mechanism. Despite the fact that this narrative frame often takes the risk of becoming repetitive, it allows for meta-analysis and stimulates the reader to reflect further upon the main narrative.
Another striking aspect of Zweig’s writting is the richness and originality of his characters. In ‘Amok’ we meet a doctor working in India, whose isolation into the jungle makes him much more feral. Such bestiality is no more evident than when the doctor is visited by a misterious woman with an unusual request, a woman whose confidence (arrogance, even) ignites the doctor’s desire to crush her attitude, to bend her to his will, to dominate her.
“I had been rotting away there in my loneliness, and then this woman turned up from nowhere, the first white woman I had seen for years - and I felt as if something evil, something dangerous, had come into my room. Her iron determination made my flesh creep. She had come, it seemed, for idle chatter; and then without warning she voiced a demand as if she were throwing a knife at me. For what she wanted of me was plain enough. That was not the first time women had come to me with such a request. But they had come imploringly, had with tears besought me to help them in their trouble. Here, however, was a woman of exceptional, of virile, determination. From the outset I had felt that she was stronger than I, that she could probably mould me to her will. Yet if there were evil in the room, it was in me likewise, in me the man. Bitterness had risen in me, a revolt against her. I had sensed in her an enemy.”
The dynamic Zweig establishes between these two characters, and their first dialogue in particular, is one of the most original I’ve ever had the pleasure to read, and one of the aspects that makes ‘Amok’ one of the most unique novellas ever written. One would be pressed to dislike the doctor, but his animalistic impulses are described with such honesty and poignancy, and so real is his regret and his tragedy, that what would be a despicable figure becomes a sympathetic one.
‘Letter From an Unknown Woman’ tells us the story of a woman whose obcessive, unrequited love becomes her ultimate tragedy. This novella’s power comes mostly from Zweig’s description of the feelings of love, of it’s joys and of it’s pains, permeated by an overall feeling of inevitable loss. The beauty evoked by Zweig is juxtaposed with the merciless fate of the characters, making for a striking tale of passionate love and dangerous obcession.
At last we have the particularly interesting case of the art collector in ‘The Invisible Collection’. Blinded by age, the old collector takes great pleasure from simply touching his owned illustrations, all of which he stills remembers in astonishing detail. Only that such illustrations are no longer in his possession, having been replaced with regular paper by his wife who sold most of his collection in an attempt to make up for their decaying fortune. So the collector spends his days sliding his fingers through paper which he considers to be his cherished works of art, each of their lines existing in his imagination alone. A peculiar tragedy his is, indeed.
Zweig is an author of rare sensibility, with the ability to deliver works of short length but of great power. Despite some issues typical of his time, the worst being his racist depiction of Asian people (as well as other ethnicities), Zweig’s work should be read for it’s originality, it’s accessibility, it’s complexity of meaning, and, overall, it’s power.