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Οι μαστοί του Τειρεσία

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Llegado a la literatura justo en el momento en el que acababa el Simbolismo, y fallecido la víspera del advenimiento del Dadaísmo en París y del nacimiento del Surrealismo, Guillaume Apollinaire (1880-1918) desarrolló una obra situada en la encrucijada de las principales tendencias estéticas que atraviesan el siglo XX. En "Las tetas de Tiresias", subtitulada "Drama surrealista en dos actos y un prólogo", Teresa muda de sexo y se convierte en hombre para librarse de las imposiciones sociales que sufre como mujer, tras lo cual abandona a su marido y emprende una exitosa carrera militar en Zanzíbar. El marido, a su vez, se adapta a la situación y asume hiperbólicamente los roles asociados a las mujeres, llegando a tener en un único día 40050 hijos. Ingeniosa, irreverente y arriesgada, la obra de Apollinaire cuestiona y desafía la moral de su época, al tiempo que llama a abrazar un futuro radicalmente nuevo, en el que los antiguos moldes se desechan para siempre.

96 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1917

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About the author

Guillaume Apollinaire

685 books473 followers
Italian-French poet Guillaume Apollinaire, originally Wilhelm Apollinaris de Kostrowitzky, led figures in avant-garde literary and artistic circles.

A Polish mother bore Wilhelm Albert Włodzimierz Apolinary Kostrowicki, this known writer and critic.

People credit him among the foremost of the early 20th century with coining the word surrealism and with writing Les Mamelles de Tirésias (1917), the play of the earliest works, so described and later used as the basis for an opera in 1947.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillau...

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5 stars
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4 stars
44 (23%)
3 stars
85 (44%)
2 stars
34 (17%)
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8 (4%)
Displaying 1 - 21 of 21 reviews
Profile Image for Czarny Pies.
2,829 reviews1 follower
September 8, 2020
Pour des très bonne raisons on accorde beaucoup moins d'importance à la pièce de théâtre de Guillaume Apollinaire "Les Mamelles de Tirésias" qu'à l'opéra qu'elle a inspirée de François Poulenc. Cependant, il faut reconnaitre que l'opéra n'aurait pas été un si grande réussite si Apollinaire n'avait pas écrit une très bonne pièce qui en plus semble être l'œuvre fondatrice du mouvement surréaliste.
Apollinaire explique dans son introduction: "Pour caractériser mon drame je me suis servi d'un néologisme qu'on me pardonnera car cela m'arrive rarement et j'ai forgé l'adjectif surréaliste. ... Quand l'homme a voulu imiter la marche, li a créé la roue qui ne ressemble pas à une jambe. Il a fait ainsi du surréalisme sans le savoir. " (pp. 2-3)
Pour moi, la pièce est plutôt dadaïste et a très peu en commun avec surréalisme d'André Breton. Montée en 1917, pour "Les Mamelles de Tirésias" est avant tout une satire du lutte entre la France et l'Allemagne pour la suprématie d'Europe. L'on croyait depuis quelques décennies qu'à longue terme l'Allemagne devrait emporter à cause de son taux de natalité nettement plus élevé que celui de la France. Parce que la France semblait être sur le point de perdre la première grande guerre, Apollinaire a décidé de proposer une solution: à la place des françaises, les francais devaient commencer à mettre des enfants au monde. Malheureusement, on n'a pas retenu la proposition. Peu après la première représentation, Apollinaire est mort dans la guerre à laquelle il ne croyait pas.
"Les Mamelles de Tirésias" qui a seulement trente pages prend moins qu'un demi-heure à lire. Tous ceux qui s'intéresse au cheminement de la littérature française entre le dadaïsme et le surréalisme devront la lire.
Profile Image for Baris Ozyurt.
919 reviews31 followers
March 1, 2020
“JANDARMA
Bu tarafların düellocuları
Birkaç iltifattan alıkoyamaz beni
Lastik bir topu ellemek kadar güzel size dokunmak

KOCA Kadın elbiseleri içinde
Hapşu

JANDARMA
Ne harikulade bir nezle

KOCA
Hapşi

Davul. Koca, belini sıkan eteği yukarı çeker.

JANDARMA
Pek de bir fingirdek canım

Göz kırpar

KOCA Kendi kendine
Doğruya doğru adam haklı
Karım erkek olduğuna göre
Bana da düşen kadın olmak”(s.54)
Profile Image for Luna Miguel.
Author 22 books4,776 followers
January 21, 2019
De este libro puedes extraer varias citas atrevidas y potentes, pero es poco más que un divertimento. Me ha gustado especialmente que se hable de feminismo, y saber que en la época, en su estreno hace ya más de 100 años, causó mucho revuelo. Creo que es una obra que ha que tener en casa para revisar de cuando en cuando, como un tesoro pequeñito, en el que a veces se encuentra un verso hermoso.
Profile Image for Ed Erwin.
1,191 reviews128 followers
January 13, 2020
The first play to be explicitly called "surrealist" by its author.

I didn't exactly "read" this, but I attended a live semi-staged reading. If listening to an audiobook counts as "reading" the book, surely watching a play counts, too.

The story is intentionally quite silly. A woman's breasts fly away and she becomes a man. As a man she becomes a general and mayor, among other things. Her former husband still wants to have children, and decides he can do it by himself. So he does. He has 40,049 babies in one single day. Then, because he needs to make money, he has another baby which he rears to be a journalist -- all in that same one day. For reasons I don't remember, and surely don't matter, the woman's breasts come back. The end.

With a full-scale production, and the right actors, this could be funny. When it was originally produced in 1917, it probably seemed hilarious. But what I saw was "Meh!". I'm still glad I experienced it.
Profile Image for Skaistė.
124 reviews67 followers
April 6, 2020
"Ji garsiai surinka ir praskleidžia chalatą, iš po jo ištraukia krūtis, viena raudona, kita mėlyna, paleidžia jas, jos nuskrenda, tai vaikiški balionai, jie lieka pritvirtinti siūlais."

"Skriskit mano silpnumo paukščiai
Ir taip toliau
Moterų grožybės, kokios jos nuostabios
Stangrios ir apvalios
Imčiau ir praryčiau
Ji tampo siūlelius ir šokdina balionus."

"Brangi Tereza
Jau laikas tau nebūt tokiai plokščiai
Iš namų atneša balionėlių puokštę ir krepšį su kamuoliais
O štai ir atsargos."

Vis dar mixed feelings dėl šitos pjesės, bet tikrai susijuokiau šitose vietose.
Profile Image for Orçun Güzer.
Author 1 book56 followers
December 8, 2023
Apollinaire'in 1900'lerde yazmaya başlayıp son halini 1917'de verdiği bu şiirsel oyun, aynı zamanda "sürrealist" kelimesinin ilk kez kullanılması bakımından tarihsel değere sahip. Yazarın amacı gayet banal: 1. Dünya Savaşı sonrası Fransa'yı yeniden çocuk yapmaya teşvik etmek. (Herhalde genç nüfusun giderek azalması ve muhafazakâr ihtiyarların sayısının artması bohem şairi ürkütmüş olsa gerek!) Ancak bu uyduruk mesaja değil içerikteki avangard öğelere odaklanırsak, cinsiyet akışkanlığı öne çıkıyor ve tabii bugünün kuir okumalarına buradan bir pencere açılıyor. (Zaten Tiresias'ın orijinal mitolojik teması bu anlamda çok ilginç.) Konuşan büfe, ölüp ölüp dirilen silahşörler, halkı temsil eden tek kişi, uçan balona dönüşen memeler gibi absürdlükler de, Alfred Jarry tiyatrosuyla yarışır. Ayberk Erkay; hem şiirsel ve uyaklı çeviri, hem yerinde dipnotlar, hem de makale kalitesinde bir önsözle çok iyi iş çıkarmış.
94 reviews1 follower
February 24, 2023
გააჩინეთ შვილები
და მდიდრებიც იქნებით...
Profile Image for Mike.
1,430 reviews55 followers
August 17, 2024
The first surrealist play and the one that coined the term in its subtitle (“A Surrealist Drama”), written in 1903 and first performed in 1917, is also one of the few I’ve read that can speak so directly to us in the 21st century (the other major one being Jarry’s Ubu Rex ). It is a reversal of the Tiresias myth, so popular among modernists: a wife loses her breasts and becomes a man, immediately rising to political and military fame, while her husband is forced to sit at home and crank out babies. The relevant discussions for contemporary readers (or viewers, if one is lucky enough to see this performed) are myriad. This could be read as looking forward to Second Wave feminism a half century before the fact; a critique of natalism (which Apollinaire emphasized in his Preface); the social construction of gender; the way in which capitalism and empire depend upon procreation as their engine, and the way in which childlessness might subvert both; and even a prescient foretelling of the Lost Generation’s sense of alienation as an entire generation of young (an “army of infants,” in the words of the play) are sacrificed.
Profile Image for Amanda Lemes.
64 reviews7 followers
November 21, 2021
as amigas feministas do apollinaire depois de assistirem à peça lançaram pra ele um: "não entendi, você é fã ou hater?". de todo modo, é uma peça divertida de ler, principalmente em espanhol – não consigo nem conceber as cenas de humor em francês, sabidamente o pior idioma do planeta. depois que vi algumas fotos dos cenários e dos figurinos da apresentação original, no livro Routledge Drama Anthology and Sourcebook: From Modernism to Contemporary Performance, fiquei mais impressionada, realmente parece ser uma apresentação bem mais incrível do que o texto dá a imaginar!
Profile Image for Maximiliano Graneros.
185 reviews6 followers
November 20, 2018
Onra teatral cortal, ligada al absurdo y el juego de palabras en su idioma de origen para más disfrute. Entreteje cierto acto irónicamente fecundo. El feminismo, así como se lo planteo se asemeja a ciertas vertientes actuales. Luego está el despróposito del hombre Marido, que nos demuestra el egoismo intrínseco en aquél personaje. Poco más que decir al ser tan escyeta la obra y como fijo su creador ''hecha para franceses''. Cabe destacar el preámbylo o.prólogo en el que denota el periodo de guerra y sus vicisitudes.
48 reviews1 follower
August 20, 2025
Que este tema se trate por parte de un escritor varón a principios del XX es un punto interesante, empieza muy bien aunque luego me ha dejado un poco indiferente. Al menos no es un tostón como miles de otros libros clásicos
Profile Image for Aylin Köstekli.
118 reviews6 followers
April 30, 2020
Sürrealizm teriminin ilk kez kullanıldığı bir eser, sürrealist olmaya çalışan bir yazar.
Profile Image for Augustė.
21 reviews
April 7, 2024
„Dainuokit laisvai ir grokite
Jei niežti – pasikasyti netingėkite
Ir juodu, ir baltu grožėtis išmokite
Margam pasauliui šypsokitės
Ką tik norite, tą ir mylėkite”
25 reviews
Read
January 21, 2020
Une des premières oeuvres surréalistes; peut-être même la première fois que l'on voit le mot "surréaliste"

"il m'est impossible de décider si ce drame est sérieux ou non"

Il ne veut pas que le théâtre désespère des gens

mot clé: fantaisie

"on est libre de voir tous les symbôles que l'on voudra"

audience - c'est une pièce "populaire", pour les Francais et non pas les critiques

Il s'agit de la dépopulation / repopulation de la France après la PGM

Breaks the fourth wall - "je vous apporte une pièce dont le but est les moeurs..."

Personnage: Thérèse, feministe, que veut faire la guerre et non les enfants; elle pousse une barbe/une moustache

L'art pour guérir les hommes

Les renseignements pour les acteurs intégrés dans le texte/dialogue?
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
Profile Image for M. G..
31 reviews
March 28, 2018
JOURNALIST: The Paris papers have announced that you have found a way for men to have children.

HUSBAND: That's true.

JOURNALIST: And how does it work?

HUSBAND: Willpower, sir, can achieve anything.


Hilarious.
Displaying 1 - 21 of 21 reviews

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