The bestselling author of Undoing Depression offers a brain-based guide to permanently ending bad habits
Richard O’Connor’s bestselling book Undoing Depression has become a touchstone in the field, helping thousands of therapists and patients overcome depressive patterns. In Rewire , O’Connor expands those ideas, showing how we actually have two brains—a conscious deliberate self and an automatic self that makes most of our decisions—and how we can train the latter to ignore distractions, withstand temptations, and interrupt reflexive, self-sabotaging responses. Rewire gives readers a road–map to overcoming the most common self-destructive habits, including procrastination, excessive worrying, internet addiction, overeating, risk-taking, and self-medication, among others. By learning valuable skills and habits—including mindfulness, self-control, confronting fear, and freeing yourself from mindless guilt—we can open ourselves to vastly more successful, productive, and happy lives.
Richard O'Connor, PhD, is the author of Undoing Depression, Undoing Perpetual Stress, and Happy at Last. For fourteen years he was executive director of the Northwest Center for Family Service and Mental Health, a nonprofit mental health clinic, where he oversaw the work of twenty mental health professionals in treating almost a thousand patients per year. He is a practicing psychotherapist with offices in Connecticut and New York, and lives in Lakeville, Connecticut.
We are living in a period of unprecedented progress in the behavioral and social sciences. The progress has been primarily fueled by recent technological advances in neuroscience, specifically in brain imaging techniques such as fMRI, and by recent field-wide mandates in psychology for evidence based practices.
One of the major trends in psychology and psychotherapy over the past decade has been the incorporation of cognitive and emotional training exercises such as mindfulness and meta (loving kindness and compassion) meditation.
The afore mentioned imaging techniques have enabled investigators to observe the neurological changes that occur in ordinary people as well as experts, as they "exercise" their brains via meditation practices.
The big news is that we can literally change our brains by giving them a workout, and these "neuro-plastic" changes engender enhanced psychological and behavioral flexibility.
The news is not so earth shaking if you think about it like this. The psychological skills that get worked, get strengthened. Just like lifting weights. If you practice present moment awareness and equanimity, than you become more able to maintain present moment awareness and equanimity in more challenging situations. The same goes for self/other compassion. Practice it and it gets stronger.
All this equipoise and compassion can be employed daily, moment to moment as you make the millions of little decisions that accumulate and comprise your life course e.g. should I eat that junk food, should I flip that rude driver off, should I drink that third glass of wine, should I go have that difficult conversation, should I spend the afternoon writing my dissertation or playing X-Box.
Any way. The idea is that by exercising our brains, we can become freer to make decisions that are more inline with our values and long term interests rather than based on our short term cravings and aversions.
If you're a drug addict or if you're depressed than you need to go against the grain of your cravings and aversions in order to recover. Mindfulness and compassion meditation turn out to be of great therapeutic benefit for these serious clinical issues.
But let's face it, we all self sabotage by procrastinating or making impulsive decisions that we regret later. That's why we're all hearing so much about mindfulness lately. The data is in and it's positive.
There is an enormous wealth of good information out there right now on behavior and the brain. Not only are there tons of amazing books available, but the Internet makes loads of podcasts, blogs and journal articles freely available. All that competition sets the bar pretty high for anyone writing in this area.
All of this is a lengthy disclaimer for what I'm about to say.
This book is not the best one to read if you're interested in this exciting emerging field of research and therapy.
Although the book has some great moments, for the most part it feels a little confused, as if the author was tossing any and every available research finding out there to see what sticks.
Unfortunately it's hard to imagine any of the good stuff in the book (and there is some really good stuff) sticking due to a major lack of an orienting through line, central metaphor, or organizing structure.
The book also feels a little dated. A little behind the curve. In fact, I almost bailed on this book in the first few chapters due to its old-school psychodynamic underpinnings. To be fair, the author is very eclectic in his orientation. He gives a lot of time to more contemporary orientations including some of the cutting edge 3rd wave mindfulness based orientations. But the foundation of his message is psychodynamic, and for me that's a bit of a deal breaker.
He also uses a lot of popular psychology truisms such as fear of success, codependency, daddy issues etc. These ideas are so common in the popular imagination, and sound so true (to some any way), but I find these ideas to be way past their prime as far as being useful clinically, and most of them are actually hugely problematic.
I challenge my clients (I'm a psychotherapist) nearly every time I hear one of these cliché ol' psychological chestnuts leave their mouths because they more often than not, are part of the problem.
Anyway. I hate negative reviews. I hate reading them. I hate writing them. I always feel bad because the authors clearly work hard, and it's comparatively easy to consume and be critical. And this author in particular seems like a great guy and he's probably an amazing therapist. But I would feel remiss in my duties as a reviewer if I didn't warn the would be reader to the best of my ability.
So I have to hold my nose and do this....three stars :(
I've found myself reading, professionally, quite a few books on addiction recently, and so thought I'd get this one to get a further perspective on it. I also don't like the amount of time I find myself noodling around on the Internet (!), and wanted to see if there were any arguments beyond the ones I've come across in other works. Although I don't think REWIRE offers any particularly new solutions, there are quite a few practical tips, and the book is most valuable, in my opinion, for the relentless honesty—even downbeat assessment—that O'Connor makes about human nature: our compulsiveness, our failure to be realistic and honest about our weaknesses and self-justifications, and our generally deluded and destructive ways of dealing with stressful situations. O'Connor hints at having been clinically depressed, and his no bullshit (although kindly) directness makes this book a refreshingly astringent addition to self-help literature. Fundamentally, he's interested in what works to stop you from falling into your addictive habit. Therapy, such as it is, is there to help; meditation works to rewire the brain; the whole point of doing any of it, he says, is first to stop what you don't want to do, and then change your brain patterns so you're not even tempted anymore. Good stuff.
This is an impressive book by an impressive therapist. Dr. O'Connor has written an excellent book that is beyond the typical self-help book. He uses his many years of experience, skill and knowledge of neuroscience research to explain why we have bad habits, including addictions, and what we can do to change them.
Dr. O'Connor is very honest and open about how difficult it is to change behavior, especially addictions. He explains the reasons for, mechanisms of, and methods for changing bad habits, ranging from procrastination (which one can probably deal with on his own) to severe addiction (which does usually require professional aid). His advice is excellent and places this book far above the self-help genre.
Dr. O'Connor's knowledge of neuroscience is amazing. He understands the hard science behind the studies used to support and explain his book. Very well done.
Something else, and most impressive of all about Dr. O'Connor, is his sympathy and compassion for all those who suffer, and his desire to help those who really, really want to change for the better.
This was a challenge from work and it is very outside my comfort zone. The first half of the entire book was very clinical for me and hard to read. I got what O'Connor was trying to say when he used stories to illustrate situations. The second half moved faster and gave ideas and practices that could be used for many different habits anyone would like to overcome.
The brain doesn’t tell us what to do; it is part of a system in which our life experience teaches our brain what to do. A part of assessment of looking upon self destructive patterns that could develop inside the brain.
"Intelligence is a skill that can be learned, just like other skills.We get better at solving problems the more we try."
"The fundamental attribution error - we judge ourselves by our intentions, but others by their actions. We tend to think other people's mistakes are caused by character flaws, while our mistakes are due to situational factors."
"One single common element of self-destructive behaviour is fear. Of ten the prompt for any kind of self-destructive behaviour is an intolerable state of anxiety. Contemporary life with too many choices and too much information just adds to our anxiety level. When we are so anxious, we lose touch with the wise part of our brain and act on impulse, often to our regret."
A very useful book to combat bad habits. To me, changing habits was always a function of willpower and repetition. This book convinces and guides you via the various other variables that factor into successfully replacing old behaviors with new ones. Contains a wealth of psychological insights on various addictions and self-sabotaging thinking style A tip: Read 1-2 pages of each chapter. Continue reading the chapter only if you are convinced that you have that particular issues and wish to resolve it.
Gerçek anlamda bir "Devrim" bu kitap. Hem probleminizi anlamanızı hem de çözümler bulmanıza yardımcı. Kötü alışkanlıklarınızı bulup yok etme konusunda kendi kedinize bir uzman olabilmenize yardımcı olacak bir çok uygulama var. Evet, kimse mükemmel değildir ama hayatımızda başımıza ne gelirse gelsin, dizginlerin bizim elimizde olduğunu bilmek harika bir his. Dizginleri kullanmak ya da kullanmamak tamamen size kalmış. Keyifli okumalar. Not: Bu bir başucu kitabıdır!
كتاب مهم استفدت منه كثير و من افضل ما قرأت في علم النفس وتطوير الذات حتى الآن على الاطلاق ..
اقتباس من الكتاب: ( يحتوي هذا الكتاب على منهج جديد يدعى العلاج المعرفي القائم على الاستغراق العقلي وقد اثبت قدرته على العمل بكفاءة العلاج السلوكي المعرفي نفسه وهو فعال بشكل خاص في منع الانتكاس ويقوم هذا الكتاب في معظمه على مبادئ هذا العلاج وهو يعلم الناس تمرينات التأمل و تعلم فحص افكارهم و مشاعرهم بموضوعية اكثر والا ينجرفوا وراء مشاعرهم وعلى عكس ما يقوم به العلاج المعرفي السلوكي من الجدل المنطقي مع كل افتراضاتك المتعلقة بالاكتئاب يوصي هذا العلاج القائم على الاستغراق العقلي بالانفصال فقط عن تلك الافتراضات وبدلا من محاولتك ان تثبت لنفسك بأنك لست يائسا او عاجزا اومذنبا فهو يعلمك ان تستمع الى هذة الافكار وكأنها مجرد ضوضاء في رأسك..هي فقط كلمات الاكتئاب وافكاره..)
(الخوف اللاواعي هو الدافع وراء الكثير من سلوكك المدمر للذات ويمكن ان تصبح المشكلة الكبرى هي الخوف من الخوف فتقودك الى ان تتجنب اي شيء ربما يكون متعلقا بالخوف ،كالحزم والاستقلال والتآلف..)
(اذا لم تكن تعلم ما الوعي التام فأنا متأكد انك معتاد على عكسه وهو الغفله وهي حالة الانشغال التام بقائمة من الاشياء التي علينا القيام بها فلا ندرك كيف تحركنا من النقطة ا الى النقطة ب...).
Painful. I'm listening to it vs reading it .... Never should have been an audio book. Someone reading lists of pathologies rich in jargon made me want to bite my face off. It's a shame because the information is important and accurate, but find a better book to access it. Recommend author John Medina.
With self-help books you either hit a jackpoint or you are utterly disappointed! With this book I felt it helped me immensely. Understanding the good and bad side of the brain, or the automatic or conscious brain. The automatic brain helps you to do the daily tasks without thinking and sometimes it wants to "protect" you, but it will damage you in some cases. For example, when you exercise and you feel some pain, your automatic pain will tell you to stop, but your consious brain will know it won't damage you. Understanding this helps to separate your thinking. It gave me lots of tools to help and motivate myself. The one thing that I come across in self help books is focus on one habit. If you try to do more, it will backfire. Also, it talks about depression and how it affects your brain and your daily life. I don't have a depression but it did help me to understand the problem some people face and also it is good to know about it. You never know when you will need the tools. Overall, really enjoyed it. Was listening to it instead of reading it and the reader's voice was motivating. Highly recommend it!
This book comes with the warning that it will make you take a long hard look at yourself and wow, does it ever. It forces you to face your own bullsh!t and own the ways that you've contributed to your own problems. Parts of it felt brutal.
But it also felt necessary. This book was incredibly helpful in that it breaks down the science behind why we do the things we don't want to do. And it give clear and concise instructions on how to stop it. It uses many different bad habits and addictions as examples and gives advice on overcoming them that can be applied to a plethora of self-destructive behaviors.
I came away from this book with a clearer understanding of myself and my baffling behavior of continuing to turn to things/thoughts/behaviors that I want nothing to do with. I plan to start using the ideas in this book immediately. It is a bit technical in some areas but it certainly doesn't require a psychology degree to understand these ideas and put them into practice.
This is an excellent book that bought back so many truths that I had forgotten or buried, and of course many new things too. Hope I'm smart enough to reread it soon to memorialize the keys that get buried in my mind!
Rewire is about why we sometimes fall into self-destructive behavior, and how to move past it. It delves into the brain activity behind addictions and outlines strategies for rewiring yourself for improved self-control over your bad habits.
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Willpower is the most important keystone habit.
In the 1960s, researchers at Stanford conducted what would become a very famous study. A large group of four-year-olds was brought, one by one, into a room. In the room, there was a table with a marshmallow on it. A researcher gave each child a choice: either eat the marshmallow now or wait a few minutes and have two marshmallows instead. The researcher then left the room for 15 minutes. Only about 30 percent of the children managed not to devour the marshmallow in the researcher’s absence.
But here’s the interesting part. When, years later, the researchers tracked down the study’s participants, who were now adults, they found that those who had exhibited the greatest willpower and waited the full 15 minutes had ended up with the best grades in school, were more popular on average and were less likely to have drug addictions. Willpower, it seemed, was a keystone habit that could be applied to other parts of life, too.
More recent studies have shown similar results. For instance, a 2005 study on eighth-graders showed that students exhibiting high levels of willpower had better grades on average and were more likely to get into selective schools.
So willpower is a key habit in life. However, as you might have noticed if you’ve ever tried to start exercising more, willpower can be highly inconsistent. Some days, hitting the gym is a breeze; on others, leaving the sofa is nigh impossible. Why is that?
It turns out that willpower is actually like a muscle: it can tire. If you exhaust it by concentrating on, say, a tedious spreadsheet at work, you might have no willpower left when you get home. But the analogy goes even further: by engaging in habits that demand resolution – say, adhering to a strict diet – you can actually strengthen your willpower. Call it a willpower workout.
Other factors can also affect your willpower. For example, Starbucks found that, on most days, all of its employees had the willpower to smile and be cheerful, regardless of how they felt. But when things became stressful – for example, when a customer began screaming – they would soon lose their cool. Based on research, executives at the company determined that if baristas mentally prepared for unpleasant situations and planned out how to overcome them, they could muster enough willpower to follow the plan even when under pressure.
To help them, Starbucks developed the aptly named LATTE method, which outlines a series of steps to take in a stressful situation: Listening to the customer, Acknowledging their complaint, Taking action, Thanking the customer, and, lastly, Explaining why the issue occurred. By practicing this method over and over, Starbucks baristas learn exactly what to do should a stressful situation arise, and can stay cool.
Other studies have shown that a lack of autonomy also adversely affects willpower. If people do something because they are ordered to rather than by choice, their willpower muscle will get tired much quicker.
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To change a habit, substitute the routine for another and believe in the change.
As anyone trying to give up cigarettes will tell you, when the craving for nicotine hits, it’s hard to ignore. That’s why the golden rule for quitting any habit is this: don’t try to resist the craving; redirect it. In other words, you should keep the same cues and rewards, but change the routine that occurs as a result of the craving.
Several studies on former smokers have shown that, by identifying the cues and rewards around their smoking habit and replacing the routine with one that has a similar reward, such as doing some push-ups, eating a piece of Nicorette or simply relaxing for a few minutes, the chances of staying smoke-free increases significantly.
One organization that uses this method to great effect is Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), which may have helped as many as ten million alcoholics achieve sobriety.
AA asks participants to list what exactly they crave from drinking. Usually, factors like relaxation and companionship are far more important than the actual intoxication. AA then provides new routines that address those cravings, such as going to meetings and talking to sponsors for companionship. The idea is to replace drinking with something less harmful.
However, research on AA members shows that, although this method works well in general, it alone is not enough. In the early 2000s, a group of researchers at California’s Alcohol Research Group noticed a distinct pattern in their interviews with AA members. A frequent response was that the habit-replacement method worked wonders, but, as soon as a stressful event occurred, the old habit was simply too strong to resist, no matter how long the respondent had been in the program.
For example, one recovering alcoholic had been sober for years when his mother called to say she had cancer. After hanging up, he left work and went directly to a bar, and then, in his own words, was “pretty much drunk for the next two years.”
Further research has indicated that those who resist relapse and remain sober often rely on belief. This is why spirituality and God feature prominently in AA philosophy. But it’s not necessarily the religious component itself that helps people stay sober. Believing in God also helps participants believe in the possibility of change for themselves, which makes them stronger in the face of stressful life events.
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Organizational habits can be dangerous, but a crisis can change them.
In November of 1987, a commuter at the King’s Cross station in London approached a ticket collector and said he’d just seen a piece of burning tissue by one of the building’s escalators. Rather than investigating the matter or notifying the department responsible for fire safety, the ticket collector did nothing. He simply returned to his workstation, thinking it was someone else’s responsibility.
This was perhaps not so surprising. Responsibilities in running the London underground were divided into several clear-cut areas, and, as a result, staff had formed an organizational habit of staying within departmental bounds. Over the decades, an intricate, hierarchical system of bosses and sub-bosses, each highly protective of his authority, had emerged. The nearly 20,000 employees of the London Underground knew not to encroach on each other’s terrain.
Under the surface, most organizations are like this: battlegrounds on which individuals clamor for power and rewards. So, in order to keep the peace, we develop certain habits, such as minding one’s own business.
Soon after the ticket collector returned to work as usual, a huge fireball erupted into the ticket hall. But no one present knew how to use the sprinkler system or had the authority to use the fire extinguishers. The rescuers, who were eventually called in after a long series of failures to act by several employees at the station, described passengers so badly burned that their skin came off when touched. In the end, 31 people lost their lives.
The failure at the heart of this tragedy was that, despite its complicated system of responsibility distribution, no single employee or department at the London Underground had an overview responsibility for the safety of passengers.
But even such tragedies can have a silver lining: crises offer a unique chance to reform organizational habits by providing a sense of emergency.
This is why good leaders often actively prolong a sense of crisis or even exacerbate it. In investigating the King’s Cross station fire, special investigator Desmond Fennel found that many potentially lifesaving changes had been proposed years earlier, but none had been implemented. When Fennel encountered resistance to his suggestions, too, he turned the whole investigation into a media circus – a crisis that enabled him to implement the changes. Today, every station has a manager whose main responsibility is passenger safety.
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We bear the responsibility for changing our habits.
One night in 2008, Brian Thomas strangled his wife to death. Distraught, he promptly turned himself in and was prosecuted for murder. His defense? He was experiencing something scientists refer to as sleep terrors.
Research has shown that, unlike sleepwalking, during which people might get up from bed and start acting out impulses, when a person experiences sleep terrors, the brain effectively shuts down, leaving only the most primitive neurological regions active.
Since he was in this state, Thomas thought he was strangling a burglar who was attacking his wife. In court, the defense argued that the instant Thomas thought someone was hurting his wife, it triggered an automatic response – an attempt to protect her. In other words, he followed a habit.
Around the same time, Angie Bachman was sued by the casino company Harrah’s for half a million dollars in outstanding gambling debts. This was after she had already gambled away her home and her million-dollar inheritance.
In court, Bachman argued that she, too, was merely following a habit. Gambling felt good, so when Harrah’s sent her tempting offers for free trips to the casino, she couldn’t resist. (Note that Harrah’s knew she was a compulsive gambler who had already declared bankruptcy.)
In the end, Thomas was acquitted and many, including the trial judge, expressed great sympathy for him. Bachman, on the other hand, lost her case and was the object of considerable public scorn.
Both Thomas and Bachman could quite plausibly claim: “It wasn’t me. It was my habits!” So why was only one of them acquitted?
Quite simply, once we become aware of a harmful habit, it becomes our responsibility to address and change it. Thomas didn’t know he would hurt anyone in his sleep. Bachman, however, knew she had a gambling habit, and could have avoided Harrah’s offers by participating in an exclusion program that would’ve prohibited gambling companies from marketing to her.
Some really interesting stuff. I made a couple connections to my own behaviors and thought processes that I hadn't before.
Thanatos: primal Force within us that drives us to destruction (Freud, abandoned theory)
Depressive and non-depressive college students playing with a joystick video game that has been rigged to just play at random rather than receive input from the joystick. Depressive college students complain to the administrators of the test that the joystick is broken, non-depressive college students continue to fiddle with the joystick, probably believing that they could get it to work somehow.
Non-Depressed people have a greater illusion of control, while depressed individuals operate with "depressive realism," which is more accurate but doesn't make you happier in the long run.
Chameleon effect: unconscious tendency to mimic the actions, feelings and attitudes of people around us.
Fundamental attribution error- we judge ourselves by our intentions, but others by their actions. Other people's mistakes are due to character flaws, our mistakes are due to situational factors. Our good behavior is attributable to fundamental traits, but other people's are temporary and situational. Eeyore?
Don't think about pink elephants (you end up thinking about pink elephants) distraction is better than controlling your thoughts.
Procrastination: we avoid committing ourselves, because we can maintain the illusion that when we really try it will be a snap.
Procrastinating impulse may not respond to logical argument, but it may respond to a narrowing of focus. Make progress by eliminating distracting cues. Every time we are distracted, we lose efficiency.
Mindfulness meditation strengthens the part of the brain that processes positive feelings, and controls negative ones. Helps control self-destructive behavior, strengthens ability to be mindful. Have an easier time controlling emotions, objectively observe feelings without being swept up by them, disengage more easily from obsessive rumination. Learn to control disturbing emotions without consciously doing so. Decreased emotional reactivity, increased range of emotional responses. Activates regions of the brain that help with better, more creative ways of responding to stress.
Defense: intellectualization. Emotions are analyzed rather than felt. In conflict, you try to understand the other person rather than respond emotionally. And the other person feels condescended to. Consequences: distant, cold, isolated. Don't understand your own motives, but you're great at justifying yourself. Common in people with obsessive compulsive tendencies.
Meditating- having nagging thoughts of responsibilities or memories interrupting you: your automatic self is trying to stay vigilant for danger, and you are trying to teach it to calm down. This is what helps to control the stress and fear responses. They're getting used to being tamped down a bit instead of being indulged and reinforced.
Tendency to dislike people that we have wronged. Take our negative feelings of guilt and transmute the feelings into dislike or prejudice. Convince ourselves that, somehow, they deserved to be wronged. The greater the belief in one's own virtue, the greater one blames the victim.
The "help-rejecting complainer."
"Nice guys" (men or women) filled with rage.
Having high standards that actually lead you to being overly critical of and disappointed in yourself.
Having a punitive super ego, you are being bullied into doing the right thing, not because it makes you happy. You are doing the right thing to escape punishment. It is an empty success, and you resent it.
Assertiveness training: learning to become comfortable with accepting and expressing your anger.
Speculation about a person's motives only leads to more misunderstanding.
Don't say, "maybe I'm silly/old fashioned" or apologize for your feelings. Simply state them.
Entitled people: feel less empathy, so don't feel like they're taking advantage of other people or being unfair in their sense that they deserve nice/expensive things or lifestyle or praise.
Combat feelings of entitlement: remember that you are not better than everyone else; remember that you already have it pretty good. If you feel guilty about something, try to write it down (before your subconscious has a chance to subdue it) and ask yourself: what did I do that feels wrong? The goal is not to wallow in guilt, it is to become more aware of it. When we become aware of the things that we do that cause us to feel guilt, then we are less likely to do them in the future. Judge/compare yourself with others less. Instead, develop empathetic/gracious/ generous thoughts for others. If you fly into rages because you didn't get something that you feel like you deserved, question that assumption. What have you done to earn the thing you didn't get/ how are you deserving? (Also remember: life isn't fair)
Waving the red flag: subconsciously looking for trouble, believing that it is someone else's job to rescue me (Rather than taking responsibility for one's actions) " My outrageous behavior is justified, and it's someone else's job to make me stop."
Can appear on the outside to be cool and uncomplaining, but secretly collecting grievances. The flag waiver, either consciously or unconsciously, May engage in risky behavior to get attention because they fear that just asking for attention. Won't get it for them. Then the attention won through risky behavior isn't enough, because the flag waver understands, either consciously or unconsciously, that it wasn't a free gift, that it was attention that was coerced.
Exercising self-discipline in any area of your life makes it easier for you to exercise self-discipline in other areas of your life. I think this principle was discussed in another self-help book that I've read before.
"Ego depletion:" students who had to refrain from eating cookies and ate instead carrots, radishes gave up completing a task faster than students who didn't have to hold themselves back; students who watched an emotional movie and had to hold back expressing their emotions gave up on a hand grip test afterwards faster than those who watched the movie and were able to express themselves freely. Decision fatigue. In a state of depletion, we feel all of our emotions more strongly.
Our brain does not tell us what to do. It is part of a system where life experience tells our brain what to do.
Looking for an explanation to make sense of a traumatic event: Even people who blame themselves for a traumatic event recover better than people who can find no explanation at all.
Accepting responsibility for one's actions, rather than feeling like a bad person, is an important distinction. It's more important to us for life to make sense than it is to feel blameless.
Veterans make up almost 15% of the homeless population.
Borderline personality disorder (chapter 8): often intensely self-destructive. Can be the result of a history with trauma. Therapists are of two minds about whether it is a life sentence, like other disorders, or if it is developed and can be overcome. Apt to break off or destroy relationships over "minor" disappointments. Can be impulsive and change interests quickly. Powerful desire for love and respect from others, coupled with an equally strong fear of abandonment and disrespect. If someone is driven away, they can respond A) this proves I'm unlovable, or B) I always knew they weren't good for me. Often had a traumatic childhood. Can feel like they are reliving that trauma when they experience bad things in the present. A type of PTSD reaction. A borderline person facing abandonment really feels as if they can't go on living this way, and will use desperate measures (suicide threats, stalking, manipulation) to re-establish a connection, not realizing that these behaviors just scare off the person they need. Frequently experienced traumatic abuse at the hands of parents or people with which they had a close intimate relationship, which inhibits their ability to form stable intimate relationships in adulthood. Can "rehabilitate" through therapeutic work or developing stable relationships.
Temporal discounting: would rather $1000 now rather than $2000 later. Impulse control trouble, lean toward instant gratification.
Making choices creates stress. We are sometimes likely to give into instant gratification to alleviate the stress of having to make a choice.
Sharon begley: experience coupled with attention leads to physical changes in the structure and physical functioning of the nervous system. What we pay attention to determines how our brain grows.
What roots does your self destructive behavior have in the trauma that you experienced?
Feelings like happiness, satisfaction and fulfillment are not the normal resting state of the human mind. Mild anxiety is. You have to take action in order to feel good. Learn how to raise your expectations and love your life more. Passivity and "comfy" won't lead to happiness. If depressed, passive or " burned out", focus on the things that you can change, and don't worry about the things that you can't change. Thinking that you have influence over something that it turns out you didn't have influence over, can lead to feelings of helplessness and depression.
We generally feel good when we are working towards our goals. We feel a sense of purposeful involvement, and increased self-esteem.
Stress relieving exercise at the end of chapter 9, the last 2 or 3 minutes. Mostly involves remembering good things from throughout the day while you're trying to sleep, and trying to conjure up those feelings of relaxation and happiness that you felt in the moment, and trying to flood your brain with the same feelings of happiness. Also, taking stressful worries that you might obsess over instead of going to sleep, and putting them next to your bed in a pile to wait for morning. Some of them may wait patiently for you overnight, some of them might skulk off.
Trying too hard to relax, puts the conscious mind in charge of things that should be automatic. If trying to relax gets thwarted, you get frustrated and even less relaxed.
The "undertow": the underlying internal conflict that is manifested in self-destructive behaviors. If the internal conflict that is the root of the behavior isn't addressed, then stopping the behavior isn't enough; you're almost guaranteed to restart the behavior, or find some other self-destructive behavior. The more you practice elective "Good behaviors," The stronger those connections and pathways in your brain become. But the old "bad habit" connections and pathways are still there. There is no way to get them to disappear. Try to make the idea of following those old bad habits bring up negative feelings, to make that path look as unappealing as possible. Make the idea of following that old pathway make you feel uncomfortable, sick, scared.
Relationships add meaning and purpose to our lives. If you have commitments to other people, you can't spend all your time feeling sorry about yourself.
Hedonic treadmill and dopamine: getting what we crave gives us relief from desire, but pretty soon we desire something else. Fallacy: we'll be happy if we get what we want. Rats that got dopamine directly into their systems forewent food and sex. But they didn't look happy. So dopamine seeking behavior is a matter of satisfying cravings, not obtaining happiness.
What a crazy, refreshing book! Richard does not shy away from telling you like it is. This book is so different from others who tiptoe around people's problems. Rewire has tons of fresh ideas and proposes different ways of looking at items you would like to change.
While one draw back is that the book is long and get kind of boring sometimes, I try to keep focused on the bigger picture of how those ideas can corelate to my life.
**Warning: this text may contain spoilers** عقلي يحتاج راحة من بعد هل كتاب الثقيل مع اني استمتعت بقراءته و افادني و فيه كمية إثراء عظيمة نبهني على اشياء واااااجد اضاف لي الكثير و بقرأه ثانية في ٢٠٢٠
و ما انساه في اول يوم لي في الكلية كنت مستانس و اسلم على الناس و مبتسم (قبل محاضرتي الاولى وقبل اعرف مكان الكلاس ) و رحت مكتبة الكلية قريت منه أشوي تغيرت ملامح وجهي صدمني الصراحة بس خلاني اواجه الواقع ، واذكر حتى في بعض الايام اذا قريته يجيب لي النكد للأمانه . بس مع ذلك كتاب يستحق القراءة و يصنع الكثير و افادني too much
I had such high hopes for this. Each chapter is organized as an introduction to a self-destructive pattern, a lot of information about causes, and then exercises at the back to help overcome them. If this was shortened down to the first 2-3 pages of each chapter and the exercises I would've given it a solid 3-4 stars. However...
The middle section of each chapter put out a lot of ideas about what causes each dysfunction (spoiler alert, it's your parents), and before long I was getting frustrated with the long passages about how there are all these unconscious thoughts that I'm not, and can't possibly be, aware of. I held out hope that all of the possible reasons why would have some impact on the exercises, but pretty much each chapter ends with mindfulness routines with small tweaks. Adding in that there are little errors spattered throughout (for instance, telling other people your goals actually reduces the chance you'll complete them, and people in the middle ages actually lived about to their 60s but the average age was 35 because of ridiculously high infant mortality rates), and that while many portions of the book are meticulously footnoted, the sections regarding the unconscious and his hypothesized causes are noticeably bare. I guess my take away from this book was a lot of, "citation needed".
But I'll give it this, it was pretty cool to find out how malleable the brain is, and that every choice truly matters - every extra portion or skipped workout, or time I wake up on time or make a healthy choice, shapes my brain and what I'm most likely to do later. Really, I should just go re-read Kelly McGonnigal's Willpower Instinct!
Although this book is ostensibly a self-help book about breaking addiction, it offers readers a wealth of resources and information of how our "automatic self" (O'Connor's term for our semi-conscious and unconscious responses to life) often tricks our conscious mind. A lot of this book detailed self-destructive behaviors that most people are probably not fully aware of such as complacency, procrastination, narcissism that while seemingly benign can often sabotage our best efforts to accomplish goals in life. The overall point of this book is that given recent advances in our knowledge of how the brain works, specifically the concept of "brain plasticity," we can actively work to "rewire" our brains in ways that produce healthier, happier, more successful paradigms for life.
Ok book, covering everything from addictions and self-destructive behaviour to neuroplasticity and meditation. This book might be worth a three star rating, but I found it way too unfocused, rambling on and on about too many topics but without much depth. O'Connor basically crammed everything he know - including his own case examples from conducting therapy -, as well a drawing on other pop-psychology books and referring to common studies pop-psychology books like to quote. Could possibly recommend this book to someone who is new to psychology and the workings of the human mind / behaviour etc, and who wants some kind of overview from a therapeutic angle.
It’s one of the best self persuasion books that I have ever read. The author has done some solid research and his writing is brilliant. If you want to retrain or rather rewire your brain pick this book you will not be disappointed.
Remember it all comes down to whether you are truly committed to a change you want or not. If you are unsure then there’s nothing much this or any book can help you with.
Very informative. But, you know it’s written by an old white man when the author refers to race, gender, and class as biases (page 13) when discussing the unconscious. Those marginalized from these groups experience bias/prejudice/unfairness, not inflict or weaponize/utilize bias. Wonder what’s going on with this dude’s unconscious that he typed this out. Almost made me stop reading.
I think it’s great for therapists that like to diagnose but he didn’t cover solutions. I had to skip some sections of the book because they were irrelevant to me. I didn’t find it interesting but tedious . Only a few chapters and sections did he cover solutions to your problems. It was also depressing and a bit contracting. So it wasn’t worth my time .