BIRTH CERTIFICATE. THE STORY OF DANILO KIŠ (2013) is an extraordinary and engrossing biography of Danilo Kiš (1935-89), the renowned Yugoslav novelist, poet, essayist and translator.
Kiš’s father was a Hungarian Jew. His mother was a Montenegrin Christian. Born in 1935, Kiš spent the first years of his life in the Yugoslav town Novi Sad. One day in January 1942 when Danilo was six years old, a day in which the temperature dropped to -30 degrees Celsius, the Nazis and Hungarian military controlling Novi Sad took hundreds of Jews and Serbs to the bank of the Danube, forced them to strip naked, and then shot them, pushing the corpses through holes blasted in the ice. The corpses clogged the holes so they were forced to pause the shooting. Kiš’s father, called Eduard, miraculously survived because of this pause. Danilo believed his father never quite recovered from this traumatic experience.
Eduard fled Novi Sad with his wife, daughter and son, Danilo. They traveled for days by sleigh through what Kiš described as “a snowy wasteland, blank as the ocean.” They fled to a remote, poor village in Hungary where Eduard was born: the Hungarian Catholic village called Kerkabarabás. Some of his relatives still lived there. Danilo and his family lived in a two-room shack. They were extremely poor, and even Danilo, who was a child, worked cleaning henhouses and minding the cattle for farmers. Eduard drank a lot and in 1944, he was finally deported to Auschwitz. Like so many, he never made it back.
Kiš was obsessed with his father's decline and death and he attempted to retrieve him through literature. Some of his books tell this tragic story in a very elliptical way. Kiš was a brilliant modernist, influenced by Borges and Joyce. His writing is original, playful and innovative, but it can be challenging for readers who are not very knowledgeable about the history and literature of Central and Eastern Europe.
Mark Thompson, his biographer, is a British historian of Yugoslavia. His area of expertise is very fortunate because he is able to explore Kiš’s complex world with an erudition which offers many insights into the history and culture of the region. He interweaves biography and literary analysis seamlessly and the depth of his research is impressive. I believe this biography is indispensable for readers captivated by Kiš’s elusive and mesmerizing writing and undoubtedly, it is a book I will return to again and again.