A blurb quote places Ismailov in the tradition of Gogol, Bulgakov, Platonov. The book mentions many Russian and Soviet writers, some famous to most international readers (Pushkin, Maxim Gorky, Dostoevsky) others known to those with a deeper interest. There are curious motifs and scenes which feel as if they must be allusive, but to what exactly, I didn’t know. The notes explained some of what was explicitly named; much wasn’t. (To someone who knows their stuff, it would likely all fall into place as did the bit about the Gorbachev-lookalike Nabokov fan who confesses about his 'underage girlfriend'.) Sub-chapters are named after Moscow underground stations: how enthralling and resonant that could be for the reader who has their own strata of memories of them and sees the journeys on a map in their head.
At least I remembered a little of its times, from almost as limited a perspective as the narrator, he a younger child at the time, who doesn’t have a solid home with TV news to sit in front of… “Why do all the Russian priministers keep dying?” I remember asking. How tense that period was, not knowing what implications their next leader would have for the world… The wonder here when the Gorbachev era flowered wasn’t always the case there – “the time of the dry law, a time when alcohol was all but prohibited”. In 1991-93, a time we remember mostly for notable music trends, they had food shortages and a massive rise in violent crime. There are names like Eduard Shevardnardze (now there’s one I hadn’t heard in a while) and Andrei Sakharov. Another perspective on those times was very welcome, but a third person or adult narrator, with more to say about them, would have been more satisfying.
It kills hope on the second page, when we learn that the narrator’s mother died when he was eight, and he himself aged twelve. (He is literally now an underground boy or man, in his coffin.) I’d started the book a few times before; this bit had always made it seem futile. I remembered advice to new screenwriters, ‘don’t open a film with a dead child’ (Bruce Robinson), and understood why. Horses of God, whose teenage narrator died carrying out a terrorist attack and has gained wisdom in the afterlife, was a book with a point and a well-defined story. It was harder to find a reason to keep going in The Underground, though it became fairly interesting.
Kirill, aka Mbobo is the son of a half-Russian, half Khakassian Siberian woman who worked at the Moscow Olympics, and an athlete she slept with, from an unknown African country. (I wondered if ‘Khakassian’, and her and her sister’s great beauty, was supposed to allude to Circassian women, but perhaps that play on words doesn’t work in all languages.) She is named ‘Moscow’ in an heavy-handed allusion that doesn’t sit too well with the intelligence of the rest of the book. Before the birth of her son (during which her father beat her up, having seen the child’s skin colour) she had worked in a car factory, but Mbobo follows her through a chaotic life that includes modelling for dodgy artists, probable prostitution, alcoholism, and living off sometimes violent boyfriends, one a writer for a state organisation, the other a policeman. These men later look after him, rather haphazardly, after her death. This is a narrative of snapshots, not wholly coherent because life wasn’t for him. The boy becomes fascinated by the underground and almost symbiotically measures his life by it. It seems he was becoming rather literary, prompted by Gleb, one of his stepfathers – and by being nicknamed Pushkin (the least objectionable of the more or less racist names he’s continually called by Russians who’ve never met another real-life black person, regardless of official ideals of friendship between nations). I felt this literariness a bit indulgent – an author choosing to write about the subject he knows best – whilst there’s barely any mention of sports and running. I can’t believe a young boy who knows he’s the son of an Olympic athlete wouldn’t be very keen to do these things and to prove himself (Mbobo’s own running ability is only referred to when he’s bullied). Not that I know about Russian schools of the 80s, but wouldn’t they maybe have been keen to train him up and get him on teams?
In Ismailov’s The Dead Lake, translated by Andrew Bromfield, the language and imagery were superlative - all in all an enchanting book - whereas this translation by Carol Ermakova has that magic only sporadically. The books have some themes in common, but sentence by sentence, they rarely seemed like the work of the same writer. (It's most stylistically interesting in the early pages - and then nearing the end, in the way child narrators tend to get more complex as they get older.) I may have liked The Underground better if Bromfield had translated it; as it was, much of its power depended on allusions to Russian literary tradition and Moscow psychogeography, neither of which I knew well enough to appreciate the novel in full.