[Citation Needed]
The most striking thing about this outsized tome is not its size but its complete lack of citations. To be fair I got a reviewers' copy and maybe footnotes will be added to the final version--if so that's a pretty huge omission for us reviewers to have to work around. Again and again Taussig makes assertions that beg for a citation for me to check out--novel claims I have never heard before, claims that contradict what I have learned from other scholars, claims that contradict other claims in this same book--and there is nothing. I began to feel irate about this, as though perhaps Taussig does not trust his reader enough to empower us with the ability to check up on his reasoning and his facts. It felt high-handed, especially at points where I knew that he was stating something as being "the scholarly consensus" when it, in fact, is no such thing. If I picked up on that here and there, and I am no scholar or expert, what else was he keeping from me?
This is especially ironic considering that again and again he trumpets that this book represents a big deal first time opportunity for the lay person to see what scholars already know about and that some "bubble of secrecy" has been burst. I don't know what bubble. Nag Hammadi is old news at this point and, despite the fact that Newsweek seems to rediscover it the week of Easter every year to sell magazines (RIP to that, I guess) I don't think the fact that these outre sorts of alternative "gospels" are out there shocks anyone anymore. If you were curious about them, no doubt you have already looked at them by now. Perhaps in one of the many blockbuster nonfiction titles that have come out since the late 1980s. Perhaps free, online, where you can access any of these "hidden" titles in half a second, with Google.
Taussig never really makes a compelling case for why we need a new New Testament. He cites vague "spiritual crises" and implies that church-goers are bored and unmoved by the current canon. He talks with a lot of purple prose about how emotional or pretty some of the new texts are. But he does not hold them to any kind of test of truth, consistency, or authenticity. He does not defend them where they depart--often radically--from the whole of Christian orthodoxy. He doesn't directly debunk the orthodoxy he seeks to unseat, even, but kind of shrugs it off. He doesn't seem to care about the truth either way, shockingly. He just likes what he likes, and he thinks these books are thrilling and exciting and new. I kept thinking of the way some of his generation argue against monogamy, as I read his superficial justifications on the basis of "needing to change things up a bit."
The Ultimate Boredom of Heresy
I know we're not supposed to say heresy--or gnostic, Taussig has a whole section on why he objects to the term "gnosticism." But really, there is such a thing. Orthodox Christianity has been defined for thousands of years by the ecumenical creeds. The various denominations are further defined by their confessions and catechisms, written or understood. There's a lot of heresy in this book, which is, no shock to anyone, why these noncanonical books were left out of the canon. Much of it is very boring heresy, nothing particularly shocking or countercultural. A lot of it is straight up nonsense. One gnostic (I keep using that word, because it means something) text is simply a string of contradictory statements such as "I am a holy woman and a whore." It reminded me of that Meredith Brooks song from 1999, "I'm a b**** I'm a lover," etc. There's nothing new or profound about this, it is simply nonsense that sounds "deep." Much of the stuff Taussig marvels over as "poetic" is similar strings of doggerel and nonsense. The Church Fathers showed good sense in leaving dubious, boring, badly written books out of the canon.
Oh a word about fathers...and men...and women...gender is a preoccupation of this book, and I am sure they would all say they are feminists. Yet the preoccupation with women's rights has a curious set of blind spots. They zero right in on things like 1 Timothy "oppressively" affirming the traditional Greek and Jewish household structure. But when the much-vaunted "Gospel" of Thomas asserts that "women are not worthy of life" and puts the words in Jesus' mouth that he will "make Mary Magdalene male" so that she is so worthy...not a word to be said about that! Not one single word about this appalling misogyny that far outweighs the gravity of any of Paul's statements, nor any of the similar woman-hating proclamations that are a known and unsurprising characteristic of gnostic writings. Gnosticism hates the body and the earthly life, and women are often equated with these things. Why is this preferable to Pauline Christianity for women? Don't ask me, ask Taussig. But he gives no clues in this book.
And a further word about councils. The committee or "council" that put this show together consists of some Christians, yes, some of them are even scholars. They ignore a lot of other scholars who don't agree with them, and there's nothing like a peer review, but I think Taussig suspects his readers are idiots and won't pick up on that. Anyway, there are also two rabbis (fair enough, I guess, if they have expertise in early Rabbinic Judaism, which neither of them appear to have) and a "yogic practitioner." Really? What a mockery this is of the real Christian councils, or anything like "scholarly consensus." And to add to the ridiculousness, they are all American. Even though most Christians in the world, well, are not.
If you want really wacky heresy, though, just skim to the very end where in the "Secret Revelation of John" (a very obvious work of gnosticism!) we learn about no fewer than three goddesses and a couple of gods. Including the old gnostic chestnut, the "demiurge."
Weirdly enough for a guy who works at a rabbinical school, Taussig never addresses the antisemitism implicit in the gnostic theologies in these works, where the Old Testament God is cast as wicked. Then again he approvingly references, of all people, MARCION! Without a word about how his heresy is at the root of much Christian antisemitism in history, how it has haunted us like a bad smell, and how it is, sadly, revived unwittingly by many a liberal Christian "reformer" in the present day who rails against the "violent God" of the Old Testament in contrast to the lamb-like meekness of Christ.
Appeal To The Emotions
Again and again, Taussig talks about feelings. What is the object of this quest? Theology, I thought, was meant to be a search for the truth about God, and how to articulate it and apply it to this world. For Taussig, it's a search for sensations and feelings and stimulation. Again and again he talks about "lush language" or the like being the criteria for a dubious work being included. But the better question is never asked--is it true? Is it faithful? Does it tell the truth about God? Those questions appear to be beside the point to Taussig. He does not want to enlighten us, he wants us to feel "delight" and "clap our hands" and feel thrilled and emotionally effusive. I got the impression he was thinking of us readers as a lot of silly toddlers, who would shriek with innocent delight when he peek-a-booed from behind the divan holding an ancient scroll.
In addition to repeatedly getting the impression that Taussig thinks the reader is insipid and worthy of nothing better than a superficial, insipid religious experience, I got tired of his need to compulsively repeat himself on certain seemingly unimportant points. A perfect example: how he again and again and again beats us over the head with the point that "apostle" isn't the best word for Paul, a better translation would be "ambassador." Honestly: so what? Why does he keep saying this? He seems to think every tiny preconceived notion he can debunk is a victory against the unseen enemy--American GOP fundamentalist Protestants--but it really is only very silly and childish.
Why Not Be Jewish?
The editor of this ambitious tome--as well as Crossan, who wrote the foreword, and some of the panel members who put it together--are familiar to me from the time in the 1990s when I was introduced to the work of the Jesus Seminar. I was a teenager with little to no religious instruction or guidance, but an earnest if bare bones Christian Protestant belief set. I will always credit the Jesus Seminar--in particular the work of Funk and Borg--with my decision at age 16 that I should convert to Judaism. The logic was like this: the Jesus Seminar convincingly made their point, that Jesus never claimed to be the Messiah, never rose from the dead, and was just a nice rabbi with good ideas about how to live, and that all that supernatural stuff was wishful thinking tacked on by credulous later people with agendas. (Convincingly to me then, as a teenager with no religious instruction--not so convincingly to me now that I am more well-read.) Furthermore, these Christian scholars pointed out that Paul was the one who put together most of what is now called Christianity, and he was a misogynist and not very nice by their tally. Why struggle with Paul and the scarier parts of the New Testament, though, if Jesus did not claim to be the Messiah and never rose from the dead? It seemed quite logical then to cling to the strong ethical monotheistic tradition of Judaism, from which the nice rabbi came forth, rather than persist in calling myself a Christian.
I am today a Christian and not a Jew, despite spending a very enriching span of my teens and early 20s exploring and learning about Judaism. I have gained immense respect for the Jewish tradition and helpful knowledge of the Hebrew Bible. But I wonder, every time I pick up a book by one of these guys, many of whom not only persist in clinging to Christian institutions and labels like UCC and United Methodist but are actually ordained ministers with pulpits, why they are not Jewish by choice? It still seems to me the only logical and reasonable thing to do, once you believe Jesus is not Divine but that the ethical tradition he represented was just swell.
Why is Hal Taussig Christian? I would love to ask him. He even teaches at a fine rabbinical school! If not Christ the Redeemer, the Trinity, the Nicene creed, the resurrection--if all of that is just dross, as he implies again and again--then what keeps him holding onto that collar and cross? Sentimentality? Ethnic affiliations? What?
Though I guess perhaps "Christian" isn't the word he would prefer, as he studiously and awkwardly avoids it in this text. Again and again he replaces the natural, commonly used term "Christian" with formulations like "Christ assemblies" and even "Christ people." This just seems plain contrarian to me, and frankly a bit childish--as does the whole overdone, played-out faux rivalry between vaguely humanist-unitarian "liberals" and raving literalist "fundamentalists." As though those really were the only two possibilities for believers.
Has Taussig, in all his years in ministry in a mainline denomination, really stopped believing in Christians like myself--a member of a moderate, mainline Protestant denomination who actually holds fast to the Nicene Creed and the Lutheran Confessions like the good ole ELCA website says we all do? Or am I the last one out on some terrible in-joke?
This book is not even worth the price of admission to view the curiosities contained in it. Since Taussig refuses to cite his sources even for the most outlandish claims and elsewhere is just baldly wrong (for instance when he asserts some obscure manuscript is innovative in that it uses a feminine metaphor for God, when in fact such metaphors are in, oh, Isaiah for one) he is not a reliable narrator or guide, and I don't trust his novel translations. This book is clearly meant for an echo chamber of greying baby boomer liberal Protestants and lefty Catholics who will, the publisher clearly assumed, ooh and ahh over the daring slaying of frumpy orthodoxies and tipping of freedom-impinging sacred cows. But it fails even to shock, these cows having long since been tipped by Funk, Spong, et al. He even gets in the usual dig at Augustine and Luther being "fixated on sin" and sails along to a groove only his generation has ever cared to dance to at length, about "sin being an illusion." So very, very tired and boring and a dead end.
It strikes me that while Taussig anticipates us swooning over his gnostic finds, he neglects to remove any of the books he regards as problematic. Why not? If you can include something about the "Mother" and "Father" bringing forth other deities, why not take out the Timothy bit you so obviously hate? This speaks, I think to his motivation--to continue using Christian infrastructure to enrich his life and reputation, while also thinking he's some great iconoclast because he points out that the New Testament didn't fall out of the sky but was selected by councils.
In the end the high-handedness, the arrogance, and the bald hypocrisy made me angry and sad. Clearly Taussig does not respect his readers, and does not respect the Christian canon, and does not have any sense of humbleness about any of this. He delights in "proving" everything an orthodox Christian believes is somehow outmoded and mistaken, but persists in his pastorate, and again, I just have to ask: why? Is it for the pension, the social cachet, the nifty uniform? It defies all reason.