What makes The Shoemaker, a “true crime” book about a series of murders in Pittsburgh, so disturbing is not that it details genital mutilation, child murder, and rape, but that you may find yourself sympathizing with the man behind those crimes.
It would be easy to depict Joseph Kallinger as a monster. Very easy. Torturing animals to death, abusing children, enlisting his twelve-year-old son as an accomplice for a series of brazen home invasions and sexual assaults, and murdering both children (his own and others) and women are just some of the crimes among the litany of abuses Kallinger committed. Flora Rheta Schreiber has achieved the nigh insurmountable task of portraying this man – someone who most people would see the death penalty as too good for – as someone deserving of our sympathy and pity.
How Schreiber does this is by chronicling not just Kallinger’s crimes, but his entire life, beginning from the point of his birth and tracing exactly how events in his childhood lead to Kallinger’s deranged mental state and the horrific crimes he committed later in life. Culled from years of interviews and research with Kallinger himself, Schreiber paints a horrifying picture of a lifetime of abuse after abuse. Abandoned as a child by his birth mother and adopted by unfeeling parents who resented him, Kallinger experienced his childhood as a rotary of physical, emotional, and sexual abuse. These abuses left their toll on Kallinger in the form of severe mental illness. Left untreated, Kallinger’s schizophrenia spiraled into mass delusions, hallucinations and obsessions.
Kallinger lived most of his adult life in an unrelenting surreal nightmare of hallucinations and delusions. Floating heads followed him around. God instructed him to commit global genocide. Castration and sexual inadequacy obsessed him, stemming from the sexual abuse he endured as a child. Even more chilling than Kallinger’s psychosis is that it remained unchecked; as a middle-class patriarch with wife and kids, Kallinger was a respected member of the community and had almost free reign to act upon his delusions. What commenced was Kallinger’s campaign to eradicate mankind, a series of horrific crimes which ran the gamut from sexual assault to castration to murder.
Rather than malign him as boogeyman or monster, Schreiber confronts Kallinger as a human being, a man who committed the most heinous of crimes, but also a man who was a victim of his own mental illness and the cruelty and ignorance of others. Much of The Shoemaker is an indictment of society and the institutions which failed Kallinger and implicitly hastened his decline – from child services dumping him with a poor foster family in his youth to the psychiatrists who dismissed his illness before any crimes had been committed to the court system which found Kallinger to be sane and sentenced him to prison. The Shoemaker is a book I never want to read again – the vitriol of Kallinger’s horrific sexual violence and deranged fantasies made me feel dirty – but it’s a powerful book nonetheless, one which forces us to examine the implications of our actions. Kallinger was not created in a vacuum nor was he a monster – all his crimes were the extension of his treatment throughout life.
While The Shoemaker is powerful, its credibility as a “true crime” is questionable. Much of what makes The Shoemaker a compelling read also makes it really unreliable as a supposed true account. That The Shoemaker reads almost like a novel or straight-forward narrative, complete with hundreds of verbatim quotes and detailed descriptions from events in Kallinger’s youth, means that either Kallinger has an inhumanly picture-perfect memory or that Schreiber has fictionalized much of the account. There is simply no way Kallinger or any witness could remember whether bird were chirping that morning or what exactly some police officer said thirty years prior – Schreiber adds literary flourishes which have no place in a true account. Furthermore, Schreiber makes no pretensions of being impartial or unbiased – she is firmly in support of Kallinger as a complete victim in the whole affair, editorializing throughout the account as to his unfair treatment at the hands of various institutions. While the evidence does seem to point to both Kallinger’s insanity and mistreatment, Schreiber accepts everything Kallinger says wholesale, taking his word as objective truth on everything from his motivations to his childhood and so on. Even if Kallinger was truthful, this would be problematic, our memory being fallible and all, but if Kallinger was less than honest, The Shoemaker could quite possibly be the justifications and lies of a deranged murderer.
That’s not to say that The Shoemaker is without merit, only that it is ethically fraught and should be taken with a handful of salt. It still tells a powerful story, whether or not said story hews closer to fiction than truth.