True to its allusion to George Harrison’s upbeat song, Bill McKibben’s Here Comes the Sun is a book in response to climate change with a whole lot of good news, for a pleasant change of pace.
Sure, McKibben includes a ton of information about all the climate related disasters we’ve experienced recently: fires, floods, droughts and killer heat waves. And alarming predictions about what the future is likely to hold. But at its core, this is a book that celebrates the rapid and increasing rise of solar and wind power (which is also, really, solar power). According to McKibben, in 2024, 92.5% of all new electricity brought online worldwide and 96% in the U.S. came from renewables. That’s both astonishing and heartening. Yes, only about 15% of the world’s electricity comes from such sources—so far—but I’m surprised it’s that much, and McKibben’s book is full of accounts of new efforts to replace fossil fuels with solar. The success of renewables is not just a function of fear of climate change but, notably, the fact that renewables are actually cheaper than fossil fuels in all kinds of ways, obvious and less so, which he explains with all kinds of examples and figures. For example, because burning coal is only 30% efficient, “We are sending more energy up smokestacks and exhaust pipes than we are putting to work to power our economy.” And of course once you burn oil or coal, it’s gone, and more needs to be mined, but a solar array lasts 30 years (and once it ceases to function can be recycled), and the sun just keeps on shining.
Unfortunately, the Trump administration has halted many of the most promising initiatives to increase use of renewables that were in the Biden administration’s Inflation Reduction Act, and there’s little sign we will be catching up soon with China in the manufacture—or installation—of solar arrays or wind turbines. And even before Trump, costs in the U.S. of installing solar weren’t what they might have been. I know, because after Hurricane Helene left us without electricity for 18 days, we priced installing rooftop solar, and even with the various incentives (that are about to go away), it was more than we could afford, and we would not have recouped the costs over the time we could possibly own the house. That’s unfortunate, not just for us but for the planet. And McKibben makes a persuasive case that by continuing to push fossil fuels at the expense of renewables, the U.S. is putting itself at an economic disadvantage in relation to the rest of the world. Of course, what else is new these days? Ironically, though, Americans still continue to install solar panels and wind turbines, even in places like Texas. In fact, Texas’s dearth of regulations and permitting rules is ironically a boon for solar. Things would be even better if we were actually trying to compete with China for dominance in “alternative” energy, but I guess for another three years we’re just going to have to cut off our own noses by imposing tariffs on China’s solar equipment rather than using the scientific prowess our country might still have to create even better equipment than China’s.
Anyway, if the world can keep up the pace of solar installation or even increase it, which McKibben seems to think is likely, then the planet can cut carbon dioxide and methane emissions to zero and global warming will level off, eventually even stabilizing the climate. But that means there is work to do. The final couple of chapters of the book talk about that, though in fairly general terms.
I’m no expert in this field; indeed, though I’ve long been concerned about climate change, I’ve read next to nothing about it before this. Also, my scientific training, to the extent I have any at all, is beyond rudimentary, and my math is terrible--not that I needed to be a scientist to understand this book, which is geared towards readers like me. All the same, as a non-scientist, I don't think I’m the best person to evaluate the arguments and data in this book. My impulse, though, is to trust it. The book is full of facts and figures, not to mention common sense. Why, after a career dedicated to scaring the crap out of people about climate change, would McKibben write such an optimistic book, if the news weren’t actually better than we deserve?
“The smiles returning to the faces,” indeed.
Thank you, W. W. Norton, via Goodreads, for an advance reading copy of this book.