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368 pages, Hardcover
First published January 1, 2025
I wrote to my mother every few days, and she supplied more information fulsomely and promptly. She gave me one crucial piece of advice: to keep to personal stories and not attempt to write a history book. She told me that my knowledge of the history of modern China had been heavily influenced by indoctrination, citing as an example one of my questions to her in which I had used the phrase 'the three-year Natural Calamity'. Meaning bad weather, this was the Party's standard euphemism for the Great Famine of 1958-61, in which tens of millions of people died. Although I already had some understanding that the cause of the famine was not bad weather, my understanding was woolly, and I was still using the regime's term out of habit. My mother, who knew more about the truth than I did at the time, was afraid my book might be marred by propaganda. [...]
Later, after I had spent more than a decade researching a biography of Mao, with Jon, and had revised my previous conceptions drastically, for a moment I got into a panic thinking I might have to revise Wild Swans. I reread the book, and was hugely relieved that it was truly a book of personal stories, and comments about the general background were few and far between, none of which needed rewriting - although a few expressions could have been rephrased.
I was a little taken aback that Mao's grandson worked as a servant in a hotel and that people were reluctant to do his family favours. It seemed to me that this reflected how the regime really felt about Mao at the time: it was only propping up Mao's godlike status out of political calculation, rather than genuine devotion. It may help to explain why nobody seemed to be making serious efforts to stop me from carrying out my research.
I felt - and I feel - saddened by the choice of those Westerners to stick with Mao. Because they were supposed to be 'China experts', their standing by Mao has meant that even in the West, Mao has not been put firmly and squarely in the place he belongs: in the company of Hitler and Stalin. As a result, the Chinese regime has had too easy a job dismissing the atrocities documented by us and others, denying Mao's responsibility, and brainwashing China's younger generations who have not lived under Mao and do not know what life was like then. His portrait remains on Tiananmen Gate, its status more secure today than at any time since his death, as its true successor, Chairman Xi Jinping, is engaged in an unprecedented revival of Mao, with whom he identifies.