In Alicia Upano’s debut novel “Everything to the Sea,” catastrophe is not an interruption to life so much as a revelation of what life has always been: provisional, communal, haunted by paperwork and weather, stitched together by food, favors, and the ordinary bravery of showing up again. The book’s central event is a modern-day tsunami that remakes a fictionalized Hilo, Hawai‘i, and scatters the lives of its survivors into new geometries of love and obligation. But Upano is not especially interested in spectacle. Her wave is less a set piece than a moral climate – an atmosphere that lingers long after the water recedes, soaking into property lines, family systems, the gut’s reflexes, the mind’s looping counterfactuals.
The novel’s formal conceit is the quiet kind that feels inevitable once you’ve encountered it: a four-part structure borrowed from the Pacific Tsunami Museum’s language of “Initiation,” “Split,” “Amplification,” and “Run-Up.” It’s a clever scaffold, yes, but more importantly it becomes an ethic. The book is always asking what it means to name the phases of disaster as if they were stages in a romance or a life – as if grief could be diagrammed, as if the body could be persuaded by vocabulary. That tension, between the human urge to impose narrative and the ocean’s indifference to our plots, gives “Everything to the Sea” its steady undertow.
Upano begins in brightness, the kind that already contains its own shadow. Jane Ito, an aspiring architect with a sketchbook’s sense of control, meets Kenji Lee in Hilo with the charged inevitability of two local children who are old enough to think they’ve invented their own freedom. Their early chapters are humid with longing and foreshadowing: storms rolling in, a coastline that looks calm because it is not yet moving. Jane’s hunger is for elsewhere – for the continent, for ambition with measurable returns. Kenji’s hunger is harder to name: he wants to be good, to be useful, to be chosen. They fall into each other with the ease of youth and the slight panic of those who can sense time tightening.
Then the wave comes, and the novel’s emotional temperature changes. What is extraordinary about Upano’s tsunami is how quickly it becomes ordinary – not because the destruction is small, but because survival is a machine that starts running regardless of whether the psyche is ready. People queue. People register. People sleep in rows. People argue over socks and underwear and who gets to charge their phone first. Trauma arrives not only as terror but as logistics. In this, Upano joins a lineage of disaster writing that prefers the granular truth to the cinematic one: not the grand aerial shot, but the cot, the list, the smell of disinfectant, the unbearable intimacy of being alive among strangers. Rebecca Solnit’s “A Paradise Built in Hell” hovers nearby, as do the more solitary devastations of Sonali Deraniyagala’s “Wave” and Richard Lloyd Parry’s “Ghosts of the Tsunami,” but Upano’s emphasis is distinct: the community is not a backdrop for individual transformation. It is the protagonist.
Kenji’s post-wave arc is among the novel’s most finely observed. He becomes a builder in the broadest sense – assembling shelter, assembling a found family, assembling meaning out of wreckage and guilt. He takes in Logan, a boy teetering on the edge of becoming the kind of young man who confuses numbness for strength, and in doing so Kenji makes a choice that feels both altruistic and desperate: if he can keep someone else from falling apart, perhaps he can postpone his own collapse. His relationships with Loralei – fierce, corrective, tender in her own unsentimental way – and with the wider town are drawn with a realism that resists the easy halo we sometimes give “good” men. Kenji’s goodness is a muscle, and like any muscle it can cramp. It can become its own trap.
Jane, meanwhile, becomes a study in the particular shame of the survivor who fled. She ends up in California, professionally successful enough to tell herself she has made the correct choice, and emotionally stranded enough to know she is lying. Upano writes Jane’s ambition without contempt and her escape without absolution. It’s a difficult balance, especially now, when so many contemporary novels flatten their characters into either victims of systems or heroes of self-actualization. Jane is neither. She is simply a person shaped by loss and by the long American catechism that says leaving is the same thing as winning.
What brings Jane back is not epiphany but complication: a landslide, an estate, a town that has continued without her. One of the book’s finest sequences – precise, funny, charged with submerged history – unfolds in a Walmart at 11 p.m., where Kenji, in search of domestic fixtures and anonymity, collides with Jane under fluorescent light. The setting is perfect: the ease of sameness, the violence of being seen. Their encounter is not romantic; it is corrosive. Kenji is sharp in a way that surprises even him, using competence and local knowledge as a weapon. Jane, used to intellectual mastery, is forced into a humiliating kind of beginnerhood: the lot needs more than a cheap trimmer, and she needs more than an apology.
Upano understands that repair is not a single act but a series of humiliations willingly endured. Jane tries, badly, to clear her parents’ lot, then must accept help from Maile and Wally-Jun – later Walter – whose generosity is of the older, local kind: not performative, not transactional, sometimes overbearing, always rooted in the assumption that survival obligates you to others. Maile’s counsel, that helping and accepting help are both forms of doing right, carries the weight of lived philosophy rather than authorial lesson. It is also one of the book’s most contemporary arguments. In an age of burnout and “self-care” commodified into solitude, “Everything to the Sea” insists on mutual aid as not only ethical but necessary – a truth freshly legible after pandemic years, after wildfire seasons, after the televised recursion of disaster that has made so many Americans fluent in other people’s emergencies.
If “Everything to the Sea” has a set piece, it is the museum exhibit Kenji curates, titled “Aftershock.” This is where Upano’s thematic ambitions risk tipping into neatness – an exhibit that contains the town’s story in installations titled Before, Shelter, Missing, and more, as if grief could be curated into stages and lighting cues. And yet the sequence works, largely because Upano allows it to be messy. Jane panics. She knocks over urns. She is ashamed in public. The exhibit is not a museum of catharsis; it is a room full of triggers. It also becomes a place where the novel’s private drama is confronted by a larger claim: the town’s story does not belong to Jane and Kenji. Their romance is only one thread in a fabric made of many losses, many repairs.
That larger claim is where Upano’s writing shows its most distinctive DNA. Her sentences often move like tide and breath: sensuous but controlled, attentive to the material world – vine, wood, sweat, rust – while carrying metaphysical pressure underneath. She is especially good at the way objects become talismans without becoming symbols in the crude, school-assignment sense. The orange mug that once belonged to Jane’s father, washed up after the tsunami, travels through the book like a small, stubborn remainder: grief made portable. So do lei – pikake, maile, hilo – worn at moments of visibility, as if the body must be braided into something ceremonial to withstand being looked at. Even the Hawaiian lunar calendar enters not as exotic texture but as worldview: the “hoku ili,” the moon stranded between night and day, is a gorgeous image for the novel’s emotional condition, its characters caught between who they were and what happened.
Still, the book’s most powerful turn is not aesthetic but ethical. Upano refuses to let rebuilding be purely sentimental. She writes development, land, and housing as contested terrain – because it is. Outsiders buy lots. “Monster houses” threaten the neighborhood’s character and access. A church garden that feeds families becomes fenced off, food rotting behind chain link while a camera watches. These are not plot ornaments; they are the afterlife of disaster, the slow violence that follows the fast one. In this sense the novel sits comfortably beside recent climate- and community-conscious fiction like “The Light Pirate,” and it shares something of “Station Eleven’s” preoccupation with art after ruin, though Upano’s sensibility is less mythic, more municipal. Her book knows how budgets work. It knows how nonprofits run out of grants. It knows how relief becomes a bureaucracy, and how goodwill, without systems, can expire.
It also knows that disaster does not erase prior harm; it rearranges it. Kenji’s eventual decision to fly to Honolulu on Christmas Eve to visit his incarcerated father is one of the novel’s most startling and quietly brave choices. The prison visitor center – windowless, disinfectant-sharp, full of families in holiday pajamas – echoes the shelter in Hilo without equating the two. Kenji’s confrontation with the man who beat his mother is not redemptive, exactly. It is an accounting. Upano does not offer the false comfort of a clean apology. Instead she gives something harder and truer: the sense that forgiveness, when it happens, is less about excusing the past than about freeing the future from being solely a reaction to it. In the landscape of contemporary fiction, where the moral arc often bends toward either righteous severance or easy reconciliation, Upano charts a third path: contact without illusion.
By the time Jane’s five-day trip becomes a month, and then becomes a life, the novel has shifted from romance to something more interesting: the story of a woman learning that staying is not stagnation but courage. Jane swims not for time but endurance. She learns to hold her grief in ritual – coffee poured for the dead, flowers placed where the living once stood. She begins designing again, not as escape but as service: a pro bono tithe of craft to neighborhood continuity. The reveal that WMW Properties is Walter–Maile–Walter – Wally-Jun’s familial corporate joke turned community investment – is both funny and moving, and it crystallizes what the book believes about wealth: not that it corrupts inevitably, but that in a small town it can be treated as responsibility, a way of buying land back from predation.
The novel’s final stretch, set around Christmas and New Year’s, could have collapsed into wish fulfillment. Upano avoids that by keeping desire tethered to time. Jane and Kenji do not simply reunite; they begin again, slowly, in a mode that feels almost old-fashioned: postcards, distance as a channel rather than a wound. Their reconciliation is not framed as destiny but as choice – a decision to risk disappointment for the sake of something worth building. The New Year’s fireworks sequence at Walter’s restaurant – the one hundred thousand firecrackers, the adopted-and-adapted traditions, the sea and gunpowder and communal noise – is both celebratory and sobering. The world is loud with survival. Love, Upano suggests, is the quieter gamble underneath.
As a critic, one looks for what a book believes about the world, because style is finally a form of belief. “Everything to the Sea” believes that grief is not private property. It believes that community is not a vibe but labor – attendance, revision, sweat. It believes that in an era when we are inundated by images of catastrophe – floods, fires, earthquakes, wars – the moral question is not whether we can bear to watch, but what we do with what we’ve seen. Do we let it turn us into spectators of our own lives, fluent in outrage and poor at care? Or do we accept the less glamorous work of rebuilding: zoning meetings, compost heaps, contractor-grade trash bags, the awkward humility of asking for help?
There are places where Upano’s control shows – moments when the architecture of the novel, like Jane’s imagined structures, is almost too clean, too elegantly stressed for the messiness it contains. Kenji’s interiority can remain deliberately occluded, and a few late scenes risk the polish of earned wisdom arriving on schedule. But these are not failures so much as the marks of a writer whose instincts bend toward coherence – and who has, in a debut, already mastered a great deal of it.
To read “Everything to the Sea” in 2026 is to feel how intimately it speaks to our present without ever naming it directly. The story’s wave is fictional, but its atmosphere is familiar: a world where disasters arrive faster than institutions can respond, where housing and land become moral battlegrounds, where mutual aid is both salvation and exhaustion, where the future feels increasingly like a series of “aftershocks.” Upano’s accomplishment is to hold that contemporary dread in one hand and, in the other, a stubborn tenderness – not sentimental, not naïve, but practiced. Her characters do not “heal” so much as learn to live truthfully inside what happened, and to love anyway.
That is why this novel earns an 89 out of 100: because it is emotionally exacting, formally intelligent, and uncommonly wise about the relationship between private longing and public catastrophe. It offers a love story that does not pretend love is enough, and a disaster story that does not pretend disaster is the end. What remains, after the water, is the work – and the strange grace of choosing it.