The Rope of Ash depicts the social relations of the people in Banggul Derdap. Ahmad cleverly presents two conflicting sides within their community and towards the end of the novel, identifies the real injustice that was happening, and the irony of it all. The main characters Pak Senik, Jusoh, Dogol, Lebai Dasa, and Semaun represent the type of people living in Banggul Derdap.
The novel begins by presenting the main problem: convincing Semaun's family to cooperate with the rest of the villagers in planting crops twice a year. But this poses a problem as Semaun and his father, Pak Kasa, is deemed violent, uncooperative and difficult by the rest of the villagers. Semaun and Pak Kasa are very traditional men, “We can't trample on the customs of our ancestors, even if it would make us four times as rich as before (30)”, and Ahmad poses this behavior into his characters to stress the value of tradition. While the novel focuses on the community problems of a rural village, resistance to a colonial power is reflected in Semaun's words: “ They were ignorant. They weren't interested in what anyone else had to say. Their day has passed. So has the day of the white man. We're an independent nation now, we're self-governing. And we have to be self-supporting as well (37). In this manner, Semaun is presented as a man who just wants to honor his ancestors' ways and to not give in to anything new. This is problematic for a modern reader, because change is essential for progress, which was why upon reading this part of the novel, I was siding more with Jusoh and the others. But Semaun's second sentence in the previous example tells us something more: compromise. It could be that somewhere along the argument, Semaun is willing to compromise as long as certain conditions of his are also met.
His relationship with his sister Semek illustrates his good nature, athough some distance is still maintained because “[p]eople would have disapproved had they seen her behaving so familiar with Semaun, even though they were brother and sister (23). Clearly society has a firm grip on their actions but this isn't the only case.
The two main conflicting sides in the novel is first, Semaun's, and second, Dogol's. Now, this character is not as complex as Semaun's. Towards the end we learn of his selfish motives as exemplified by his previous wrongdoings against Semaun: depriving Semaun his cow because he was a nuisance to the community. The last chapter, “The Tiger” is like describing Dogol himself. Simply put, Dogol is the tiger. While the tiger feasted on the pregnant cows, so has Dogol feasted on Semaun's violent reputation for his own good, but, there is a third contibutory factor which completely shaped Semaun's behavior: the villagers as reflected by Jusoh and Lebai Dasa.
The mob mentality can either make or break a person's behavior. In this case, Semaun just reacted on the villagers' actions towards him, same as his father, “Pak Kasa hadn't sinned the way people said he had. His wildness had not been motivated by malice. Society had forced him to go on a rampage.” (55) The main reason for his and his father's violence was because people were prejudiced and biased and just followed the “pack leader” in their community, in this case, Dogol.
Pak Senik, because he is the headsman, maintains neutral ground and is faintly amused by the villagers' behavior: “Pak Senik was still surprised at how quickly the mood of the village had changed. The villagers' attitude to Dogol was now completely different... ….It was amazing the ease with which the two men had changed their mind. (94) Pak Senik's character is the peacemaker, the person who wants the villagers to live in peace and harmony with each other, and in my opinion, he is the only one who actually cares about ALL of the villagers' welfare, making him the perfect person to be headsman. The villagers' indifference towards Pak Kasa's death, “Now and then the drumming gave way to the loud laughter of the young men, who seemed to have no concern for the terrible thing that had happened. Pak Senik tried not to listen to the drumming. No one had a grain of respect for Pak Kasa's body (55), and Dogol's death “The crowd shouted for joy, as though unaware that a man had been killed that night (105), depicts how inconsistent and how easily they could forget certain events. Their relationship with each other is that of a rope made of ash, on the outside they seem unified, strong, just like a rope, but a quick change of behavior burns that rope, turning everything to ash.
The ironic thing about it, is that with Dogol gone, Semaun's detractors symbolically put him in charge of the “pack.” This is evident when he lead the group at the last page of the novel. Now that Semaun is accepted by his co-villagers, what happens to the original motive of Pak Senik, that of planting twice a year? Will Semaun revert back to outcast status once he speaks his mind or will he influence his fellow villagers to preserve their ancestral traditions? With the kind of mob mentality the readers have seen, the answer shouldn't be so surprising.