In 1941, the WAAF introduced the nursing orderly trade, calling for volunteers for the Air Ambulance service. By 1943, over 200 women had completed a gruelling six-week course, training to treat horrific battlefield injuries while enduring the physical toll of unpressurized flight. Volunteers needed nerves of steel and medical aptitude. In March 1944, the Air Council officially approved their deployment to combat zones.
Roles: Mid-flight, they administered oxygen, blood transfusions, and morphine.
Conditions: They worked in cold, muddy environments, treating severe trauma like broken bones, burns
The D-Day Mission
On June 13, 1944, history was made. Corporal Lydia Alford and LACWs Myra Roberts and Edna Birkbeck took off from RAF Blakehill Farm in Douglas Dakotas, escorted by Spitfires. They landed at an airstrip in Bazenville, Normandy, delivering ammunition and medical supplies before evacuating 24 casualties each back to the UK. These pioneers became known as the "Flying Nightingales."
Risks & The "Stay with the Plane" Rule
Because their aircraft carried ammunition into the front, they could not display the Red Cross. This made the Dakotas legitimate targets for German fighters. These women flew without parachutes—if the plane went down, they were sworn to stay with the plane and their patients. Their bases spanned England from RAF Down Ampney and Broadwell to Hendon, Church Fenton, and Ballyhalbert.
Valour & Loss
The Nightingales successfully evacuated over 100,000 men across Europe. Miraculously, not a single patient died under their mid-air care. However, the cost was high. LACW Margaret Walsh and LACW Margaret Campbell were killed in action when their aircraft crashed in 1944. Other key personnel included Iris Bower, Mollie Giles, and Lillian West, the service's last survivor.
Legacy & Recognition
For decades, their bravery went unrecognised. It wasn't until 2008 that the remaining Nightingales received Lifetime Achievement Awards from the Duchess of Cornwall (now Queen Camilla of England). Today’s aeromedical teams continue their legacy, evolving from basic transport to advanced mobile intensive care.