The Principles of A Treatise on Logic and Scientific Method by William Stanley Jevons is a comprehensive guide to the principles of scientific inquiry and the methods used to arrive at scientific conclusions. The book is divided into two parts, with the first part focusing on the principles of logic and the second part discussing the scientific method.In the first part, Jevons explores the principles of deductive and inductive reasoning, as well as the role of hypothesis and inference in scientific inquiry. He also discusses the principles of classification and definition, and the importance of clear and precise language in scientific communication.In the second part, Jevons provides a detailed overview of the scientific method, including observation, experimentation, and the formulation of theories. He also discusses the role of probability and statistics in scientific inquiry, and the importance of replicability and verification in scientific research.Throughout the book, Jevons emphasizes the importance of rigorous and systematic thinking in scientific inquiry, and provides numerous examples and case studies to illustrate his points. The Principles of Science is an essential resource for anyone interested in the principles of scientific inquiry and the methods used to arrive at scientific conclusions.This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the old original and may contain some imperfections such as library marks and notations. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions, that are true to their original work.
William Stanley Jevons, LL.D., MA, FRS was an English economist and logician.
Irving Fisher described Jevons' book A General Mathematical Theory of Political Economy (1862) as the start of the mathematical method in economics. It made the case that economics as a science concerned with quantities is necessarily mathematical. In so doing, it expounded upon the "final" (marginal) utility theory of value. Jevons' work, along with similar discoveries made by Carl Menger in Vienna (1871) and by Léon Walras in Switzerland (1874), marked the opening of a new period in the history of economic thought. Jevons' contribution to the marginal revolution in economics in the late 19th century established his reputation as a leading political economist and logician of the time.
Jevons broke off his studies of the natural sciences in London in 1854 to work as an assayer in Sydney, where he acquired an interest in political economy. Returning to the UK in 1859, he published General Mathematical Theory of Political Economy in 1862, outlining the marginal utility theory of value, and A Serious Fall in the Value of Gold in 1863. For Jevons, the utility or value to a consumer of an additional unit of a product is inversely related to the number of units of that product he already owns, at least beyond some critical quantity.
It was for The Coal Question (1865), in which he called attention to the gradual exhaustion of the UK's coal supplies, that he received public recognition, in which he put forth what is now known as the Jevons paradox, i.e. that increases in energy production efficiency leads to more not less consumption. The most important of his works on logic and scientific methods is his Principles of Science (1874), as well as The Theory of Political Economy (1871) and The State in Relation to Labour (1882). Among his inventions was the logic piano, a mechanical computer.