Shakespeare's most powerful female character, her historical inspiration, and her reinventions in performance through the centuries.
She is more violent than Lady Macbeth, more complex than Ophelia, more strategic than King Lear’s daughters. She is the only Shakespearean character, male or female, whose entire life—from youth to old age—appears on stage. She is a wealth of insight into Shakespeare’s understanding of, and influence on, ideas of gender and sexuality, and she speaks by far the most lines of any of his female characters. She has allowed the likes of Peggy Ashcroft, Helen Mirren, and Sophie Okonedo full range for their stunning talents. Yet today, most audiences have still never heard of Margaret of Anjou.
But who was Margaret? In the fifteenth century, she was a fourteen-year-old French princess married to an English king, soon thrust into command amid a bloody civil war. A hundred and fifty years later, she was resurrected on the Elizabethan stage in four of Shakespeare’s earliest plays, Henry VI, Parts 1, 2, and 3 and Richard III.
And in every era since the Bard’s, actors, directors, and producers have recast their own Margaret, slicing, dicing, and rearranging the original Shakespeare to highlight or diminish Margaret’s role depending on the sensibilities of the time. It is this evolution of Margaret’s portrayal that Charles O’Malley and Scott W. Stern track in Shakespeare’s Margaret, from Elizabethan boy-actors in wigs enacting misogynist fears of witchy women to feminist celebrations of Margaret’s uninhibited grasp of power and clever commentaries on global politics and world leaders such as Margaret Thatcher. Her story, as it has changed over the centuries across the page and on the stage, brings to life the evolution of theatre and shows how Shakespeare’s plays have always been living collaborations among actors, directors, writers, critics, and history itself, still unfolding.
Olivier’s 1955 film adaptation of Richard III is widely considered a masterpiece and the benchmark all stage-to-screen adaptations of Shakespeare’s canon are measured against, though it’s not exactly a faithful, line by line adaptation. Lines from Henry VI, Part 3 are mixed in. Lines not written by Shakespeare are added. Cuts and tweaks are made here and there but alterations are necessary for adaptation. One alteration that is unforgivable, at least for me, is the exclusion of Margaret. The choice to remove the prophetic queen, to me, is as bewildering as removing the witches from Macbeth or the prologue from Romeo & Juliet. Not only does the elimination of her supernatural presence diminish the foreboding tone of the play but, with her removal, you rid the play of what is perhaps the most dynamic woman Shakespeare ever wrote.
70 something years after the release of that film, Shakespeare’s Margaret reestablishes her claim as a central force in, not only Richard III or the Henry VI plays, but in the Shakespearean canon. Shakespeare’s vindictive and vengeful Margaret, who spends the course of her 4 plays trying to reestablish her claim to her crown, would be proud!
This is not a biography of Margaret on Anjou with the history plays as a framework. It’s a biography of Shakespeare’s “she-wolf of France” herself. Many biographical books have been written about the men in Shakespeare’s oeuvre but, outside of academia, very few women have been given that reverence. The only other example I can think of is Cleopatra who gets her own installment in Harold Bloom’s “Shakespeare’s Personalities” series. This history of Shakespeare’s Margaret, having lived 400+ years, takes us from the real life Margaret of Anjou, her original stage appearances to Nazi Germany to Thatcher Era England to the modern day. (The chapters on Elizabethan theatre, and the, erm, “charming” people in it, are particularly fun reads).
A biography of a fictional character, beginning with the real-life woman she’s based and spanning hundreds of years of actors portraying her in diverse historical contexts, serves as rich and insightful textual analysis of the character, the plays she appears in, the actors who portrayed her, and cultural criticism of the eras she’s survived. The analysis is thoughtful and nuanced and thus, thankfully, avoids the trap of making Margaret a “Lean In Feminist Girl Boss™” or crediting Shakespeare with having anachronistic politics.
Margaret is a complex character, an anti-hero if there ever was one. It’s easy to root for her. It’s easy to revile her. It's easy to remove her, as Olivier and countless directors over the past 400 years of productions have proved. But Shakespeare’s Margaret puts her back in her rightful place in the pantheon of Shakespeare’s very best characters. Margaret cuckolds her husband, taunts her enemies with the blood of their children, defies her husband, leads armies, curses her enemies. She rises and falls but, most importantly, as O'Malley and Stern prover here, she survives.
Thanks to NetGalley and the publishers for the ARC!
A character biography of Margaret of Anjou, a historical figure who appears in four of Shakespeare’s history plays.
I can’t lie: the odds are slim I would have picked this book up if it weren’t for the fact that the authors are friends of mine (Scott and I were classmates in law school). That said, I’m so glad they’re my friends—for many reasons, but also specifically because this book is fascinating and thoughtful and was an absolute delight to read. The book’s second act, so to speak, was particularly captivating, exploring the fall and rise and potential future of the character of Margaret in exceptional detail.
The entirety of SHAKESPEARE’S MARGARET is also brilliantly written, with readable prose that positions these two men as the incredibly smart and well-researched scholars they are, while still being entirely accessible for a popular audience. It’s also full of some thought-provoking gems…the line “no queen can be a feminist” has been rattling around in my brain for DAYS since I first read it in the introduction. In short, safe to say Margaret of Anjou has added me to the ranks of her admirers, and Shakespeare’s history plays have caught my attention for what I can genuinely say is the very first time.
CW: minor mentions of violence/war, including sexual violence; mentions of sexism/misogyny
Shakespeare’s works, particularly his plays, have long been a fascination of mine. It’s my geek-out subject, so when I saw this book, promising to deliver: “Shakespeare's most powerful female character, her historical inspiration, and her reinventions in performance through the centuries,” I knew I needed to read it.
This book could most aptly be described as a biography of a fictional character. However, the authors provided historical framework about Margaret of Anjou as well as historical context from Shakespeare’s time through other eras to tie in how Margaret’s role evolved. The authors walked through Margaret’s beginning, her evolution, her removal, and ultimately her comeback. At her core, Margaret, the role, reflected the attitudes of gender of her time, and I found that fascinating. It was so well researched and told in an engaging way. While I do think this is a niche book, if you have any interest at all in theater or Shakespeare plays, this one really is worth a read.
Book recommendations for fans of: 👑 history of theater or theatrical roles 👑 Shakespeare scholarship 👑 fascinating female characters
“Slowly, miserably, the Queen of England entered a room in the Palace of Westminster, clutching a severed human head.”
You'd be forgiven for assuming this is the opening of a historical suspense novel. It's actually the first line of Charles O'Malley and Scott Stern's engrossing new history of Queen Margarent, Shakespeare's formidable -- and often forgotten -- "she-wolf of France."
Margaret is a fascinating subject, violent and vengeful, a mirror for every era who has been portrayed on stage and screen by the likes of Helen Mirren and Sophie Okonedo.
Stern and O'Malley, a married writing duo, make her history endless engaging. You don't have to be a Shakespeare scholar to enjoy this book. You just have to be curious about why we keep coming back to Maragret, why her story keeps changing from generation to generation, and what it says about our society -- both then and today. And you have to be okay with a severed head or two.
I went into Shakespeare’s Margaret with a little apprehension. I wasn’t sure how approachable it would be, and I’ll admit I also hesitated when I realized it was written by two male authors about one of history’s most infamous women. Thankfully, those concerns faded pretty quickly.
This is a fascinating look at Margaret of Anjou and the ways both history and Shakespeare shaped her legacy. At times I did find myself having to stop and untangle whether the authors were discussing the historical Margaret or Shakespeare’s version of her, but overall I learned a lot and genuinely enjoyed the experience.
If you’re interested in Shakespeare, English history, or the intersection of history and literature, this is an engaging and surprisingly accessible read.