It's H. Beam Piper's fault really. He wrote this great short story called "Omnilingual", which is about human archaeologists on Mars, trying to decipher the ancient Martian language. I read it at an impressionable age, and ever since I've had this Thing for stories about xenoarchaeology (of which there are far too few, by the way).
Anyway, "Boundary" hits all those buttons. Alien race, now (presumably) dead, check. Alien artefacts still extant, check. Humans now finding said artefacts and trying to make sense of them, check. All of this In Space, hell yeah check. These things make me happy.
"Boundary" starts with the discovery of a fossil. A fossil like nothing Our Heroine (a respected paeleontologist) has ever seen before. A fossil, in fact, like nothing on Earth. Hmmmmm.... Then the action moves to her friends, who are in various ways working on getting to Mars, and Our Hero (remote sensing and computer imaging geek extraordinaire) makes a startling discovery on Mars' moon Phobos. Pretty soon Hero, Heroine and friends are heading for Phobos. And later, down to Mars.
And there is stuff going wrong, sometimes catastrophically. And people pulling inspired solutions out of their asses. And awful puns. And great characters and character interactions. And shiny science. And xenoarchaeology! And...it's a bit towards the light&fluffy end of the scale, but not that much, and it's a great story, and I think I need to find the sequel.