Have you ever been so certain you were right about something, only to be proven completely, undeniably wrong? Or have you ever found yourself defending a poor decision—like continuing to watch a terrible movie or overpaying for a concert ticket—simply because you'd already invested time or money into it? If you answered yes, you're not irrational; you're human.
These common quirks of decision-making aren't random errors. They are predictable patterns, systematic glitches in our mental software known as cognitive biases. Think of them as mental shortcuts, or heuristics, that our brains use to navigate the complex world quickly and efficiently. For our ancestors, making a split-second decision about a rustle in the grass—is it a predator or just the wind?—was a matter of life and death. A brain that jumped to conclusions was a brain that survived.