An elementary, categorical, and structural breakdown of philosophy and philosophical thinking. Ideal for an upper division or graduate level class in conjunction with a reader/compendium or individualized readings of philosophers. The main point of the book is to guide students into thinking philosophically for themselves independent of other philosophers by reduction to fundamental concepts and methods. The major categories include logic (including a breakdown of symbolic logic, syllogism, argument, and the scientific method), axiology, epistemology (broken further into idealism, realism, transcendentalism, pragmatic isomorphism, inductive reasoning, and axioms), pragmatic metaphysics, and developmental metaphysics.