“A confidence trick is also known as a con game, a con, a scam, a grift, a hustle, a bunko (or bunco), a swindle, a flimflam, a gaffle or a bamboozle. The intended victims are known as "marks", "suckers", or "gulls" (i.e., gullible). When accomplices are employed, they are known as shills”—Wikipedia
To grift is to engage in petty swindling.
Until this week I had never read The Grifters (1963), but have seen several times the film with Jon Cusack, Annette Bening, and Anjelica Huston and love it, a classic. I recently read one of Thompson’s other novels, The Killer Inside Me (1952), that I found deliciously vicious, but admittedly at times a little too brutal. The Grifters dials down the viciousness and focuses on (mostly) the emotional states of short con grifter Roy, his long con grifter mother Lily, and Roy’s girlfriend (who looks very much like Lily) Moira, but it is equally delicious, in its own way.
The Grifters, in spite of its pulpy themes, has a real literary foundation. Okay, he’s not Hemingway, but like many of the noir writers of the mid last century, he was influenced by him. I also see in Thompson elements Nelson Algren crafted in his Chicago novels. He was also influenced by his favorite author, Dostoevsky, who like Thompson chronicled the down and out gamblers and alcoholics, the lost souls. Thompson was nicknamed the "Dime-store Dostoevsky" by writer Geoffrey O'Brien, who also found elements of Greek tragedy in Thompson’s themes. As with Dostoevsky, Thompson can be very clever and very funny, and surely is both in The Grifters.
“Moira purred: ‘Gosh, Roy, I have no idea how I can ever thank you. . .’
‘Hmm,’ Roy said, ‘Maybe I can think of something. Maybe you can wash my socks or something. . .”
Okay, okay, maybe that's not that funny or clever, but hey, I smiled! But in general here Thompson calls on the darker side of Dostoevsky, focusing on the burned-out, fragile lives of Roy and Lily, who are just sick to death of the grift grindstone:
“There was too much of a sameness about the evening’s delights. He had been the same route too many times. He’d been there before, so double-damned often, and however you traveled—backward, forward, or walking on your hands—you always got to the same place. You got nowhere, in other words, and each trip took a little more out of you.”
And:
“He [Roy] picked her [Moira] up and tossed her on the bed.
They had a hell of a time.
“But afterward, after she had gone back to her own room, depression came to him and what had seemed like such a hell of a time became distasteful, even a little disgusting. It was the depression of surfeit, the tail of self-indulgence’s kite. You flew high, wide, and handsome, imposing on the breeze that might have wafted you along indefinitely; and then it was gone, and down, down, down you went.”
And once again:
“Strolling down a white-graveled walk to the cliff above the ocean, he let his eyes rove aimlessly over the expanse of sea and sand: The icy-looking whitecaps, the blinking, faraway sails of boats, the sweeping, constantly searching gulls. Desolation. Eternal, infinite. Like Dostoevsky’s conception of eternity, a fly circling about a privy, the few signs of life only emphasized the loneliness.”
Okay, that’s not maybe quite Dostoevesky-level writing, it’s maybe “dimestore” Dostoevsky, but I don’t want to get all snobby about it, either; it is one of the virtues of noir that it combines sort of maudlin, over-the-top realism and poetry. He’s not Emily Dickinson, obviously, but he doesn't want to be. Street poetry.
Back to O’Brien’s contention about Greek themes, Roy has Oedipal-level feelings for his mother, which works out in an interesting way I will not discuss, since it very much involves the wonderful twists and turns of the ending to this short book that made me literally shout out loud with joy: whoo, what an ending, terrific. And is the book better than the movie? Yep! At the very least, it adds a layer of existential angst the movie leaves out.