American Hagwon

by Min Jin Lee

INSTANT NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLERThe National Book Award finalist and New York Times bestselling author of Pachinko returns with a breathtaking contemporary a masterpiece by turns sweeping and intimate, that reckons with ambition and moderation, lust and loyalty, personal dreams and familial duty.Min Jin Lee brings grand ambition, fierce heart, and the tenderest hope to a novel I didn't want to end.” ―Roxane Gay, bestselling author of Bad Feminist and Hunger In schools and churches, hotel rooms and nail salons, law firms and fried-fish shops; in cramped, dingy apartments and luxury, gated communities, the men, women, and children in American Hagwon struggle to find satisfaction and meaning in a world that seems to grow less forgiving with each passing year. Once comfortably middle class in Korea, John and Helen Koh and their three children―Bo, DH, and Mido―find their lives upended, first by a shocking betrayal by John’s oldest friend, then by the 1997 Asian financial crisis.Desperately striving to regain their footing, they leave Seoul for Sydney and eventually settle in Southern California―where new vistas of opportunity open up for the children as their parents, strangers in a strange land, must adjust to a new life in which their experience and education mean little, and they set their sights on whatever it takes to provide for their children’s futures. The Kohs, their friends, relatives, and even their foes move in and out of each other’s lives as they navigate new courses across the years, always nursing the almost all-consuming faith that education will lead the next generation to success and security.In American Hagwon, Min Jin Lee has crafted an unforgettable, panoramic novel where the smallest of gestures can have enormous repercussions, where the bonds of family and of memory twist and fray but rarely break, and where willful self-sacrifice―for the benefit of loved ones and even strangers―is a kind of prayer.An immersive, engrossing novel ... this is panorama told in brilliant detail.”―Colm Tóibín, bestselling author of Long Island and Brooklyn

Genres: Fiction, Historical Fiction, Literary Fiction, Historical, Contemporary, Asia, Family

1040 pages, Paperback

First published September 29, 2026

About the author

Min Jin Lee’s novel Pachinko (Feb 2017) is a national bestseller, a New York Times Editor’s Choice and an American Booksellers Association’s Indie Next Great Reads. Lee’s debut novel Free Food for Millionaires (May 2007) was a No. 1 Book Sense Pick, a New York Times Editor’s Choice, a Wall Street Journal Juggle Book Club selection, and a national bestseller; it was a Top 10 Novels of the Year for The Times of London, NPR’s Fresh Air and USA Today.

Min Jin went to Yale College where she was awarded both the Henry Wright Prize for Nonfiction and the James Ashmun Veech Prize for Fiction. She attended law school at Georgetown University and worked as a lawyer for several years in New York prior to writing full time.

She has received the NYFA Fellowship for Fiction, the Peden Prize from The Missouri Review for Best Story, and the Narrative Prize for New and Emerging Writer. Her fiction has been featured on NPR’s Selected Shorts and has appeared most recently in One Story. Her writings about books, travel and food have appeared in The New York Times Magazine, The New York Times Book Review, The Times Literary Supplement, Conde Nast Traveler, The Times of London, Vogue (US), Travel + Leisure (SEA), Wall Street Journal and Food & Wine. Her personal essays have been anthologized in To Be Real, Breeder, The Mark Twain Anthology: Great Writers on His Life and Work, One Big Happy Family, Sugar in My Bowl, and The Global and the Intimate: Feminism in Our Time. She served three consecutive seasons as a Morning Forum columnist of the Chosun Ilbo of South Korea.

Lee has spoken about writing, politics, film and literature at various institutions including Columbia University, French Institute Alliance Francaise, The Center for Fiction, Tufts, Loyola Marymount University, Stanford, Johns Hopkins (SAIS), University of Connecticut, Boston College, Hamilton College, Hunter College of New York, Harvard Law School, Yale University, Ewha University, Waseda University, the American School in Japan, World Women’s Forum, Korean Community Center (NJ), the Hay Literary Festival (UK), the Tokyo American Center of the U.S. Embassy, the Asia House (UK), and the Asia Society in New York, San Francisco and Hong Kong. In 2017, she won the Literary Death Match (Brooklyn/Episode 8), and she is a proud alumna of Women of Letters (Public Theater).

From 2007 to 2011, Min Jin lived in Tokyo where she researched and wrote Pachinko. She lives in New York with her family.

Reviews

[Roxane · Rating 5 out of 5]

There are meticulous, beautifully crafted layers to Min Jin Lee's latest novel, American Hagwon. It is, on the surface, an engrossing story about a Korean family and their resilience as forces beyond the control alter the trajectory of their lives. But it is, at its core, a story about striving, the complexities of the hagwon system, and a cultural pressure to succeed at any cost. As Lee's story unfolds, and we get to know a sprawling cast of characters across three continents, the impressive scope and scale of this new epic reveals itself in astonishing ways. She brings grand ambition, fierce heart, and the tenderest hope to a novel I didn't want to end.

[Emily May · Rating 4 out of 5]

“Nothing exerts a stronger psychic effect upon the human environment, and especially upon children, than the life which the parents have not lived.” - Carl Jung

American Hagwon is a true epic— a sizeable novel, spanning decades, with incredible scope and a large cast of characters. As with all books that introduce this many characters and cover this much ground, there were parts and perspectives I enjoyed more than others. But I was never once bored in all its 650 pages.

At the heart of American Hagwon is the theme of how best to raise and educate our next generation. Moving from South Korea to America, with a stopover in Australia, it looks at many different approaches to education, reflected in different countries, different cultures, different generations, different parenting styles.

A hagwon— unbeknownst to me before reading this —is a kind of private tutoring cram school, ubiquitous in South Korea and common in Korean-American enclaves like Orange County. This is an extension of the intense educational pressure Korean children find themselves under, and Lee casts a scrutinising eye on educational systems that reward stress, anxiety, passing exams, and scoring a place at a top university.

As a character says at one point:

"If you make your child into the perfect object that these schools want to purchase, then you might make the sale. However, will you get what you want?
[..]
"There is a crisis in this country and in the country where many of you were born. The crisis is in our education and what it is meant to do. Having a degree from the Big Three or any of the SKY universities will not protect our children from harm. You know of many stories of people who graduated from these schools who did not have a safe and perfect life. I am asking you to consider at least the anecdotal evidence each of you has to disprove the theory that an elite education will create a successful life."

The story of Helen and John Koh and their three children explores this. Many other family members, colleagues and fellow students become part of their story as the Kohs try to do the best for each other.

Despite not being Korean, or even knowing what a hagwon was prior to reading this, I found the book's message poignant and increasingly relatable. Even in the UK, we are putting ever more pressure on kids to pass exams and compete for Russell Group universities. One thing that has always bothered me is that an absolutely brilliant student can have one bad day, flunk an exam, and have their entire future prospects limited because of a single poor performance. And lots of kids spend their youth working their asses off to get into these prestigious institutions, unable to see beyond that, and then find out they have no idea what to do with their lives once they reach the "top".

But while the message is important, what drives the narrative and keeps the pages turning are the lovable characters. The Kohs are genuinely likeable, as are several other supporting characters. If I were to critique anything, I’d say the Kohs were almost a little too perfect. They were very decent, moral people, always generous and self-sacrificing toward one another. I wouldn’t say the characters are lacking in complexity, necessarily, but they are lacking in flaws. Hardship comes from external forces, almost never from their own mistakes. I would have liked to see one of the family err in some way after this much time. Though despicable, the antagonist is arguably the more interesting character.

Overall, another fantastic book by Min Jin Lee. There are messages, but no easy or neat ones. The author knows this is a complex issue. My main takeaway was that even though parents and teachers may care about exam results and university acceptance, they should care more about the kids themselves. This fact seems almost like a truism until you look at how seldom it is applied.

[emma]

min jin lee release day should be a national holiday

(thanks to the publisher for the e-arc)

[Liz Hein · Rating 5 out of 5]

I read Pachinko when it came out in 2017 and it remains one of the best family sagas I've ever read. Almost ten years later, American Hagwon now joins it. Min Jin Lee took her time with this one and readers will reap the benefits of unraveling every layer. Prior to reading this, I didn't know what a hagwon was. James Baldwin told and Lee reminds us that "as one begins to become conscious one begins to examine the society in which he is being educated". Lee examines this for profit/pro cramming private supplemental education system by looking at the ways it affects a child and a parent's psyche all while questioning what education is really "for".

American Hagwon is epic in scope, following the members of the Koh family from 1992-2007 across multiple international moves. Helen and John Koh, like all parents, want the best for their children. They want to see all three successful and happy. When the father is betrayed and soon after the South Korean IMF financial collapse occurs, the family is no longer comfortably in the middle class. What does this mean for the futures of the three children when money seems to be...everything.

American Hagwon has so much to say about ambition, satisfaction, and what drives these ideas. There is a whole lot of blind faith in the education system. If my kids go to the best school and then go to the best hagwon, surely they will come out on top, right? When there isn't room for everyone at the top, when siblings or friends are pitted against each other, what is the fallout? When education feels like a transaction more than anything, what happens if I don't get my expected return on investment? There is no one answer to these questions, but Lee offers us multiple to chew on through each character.

The Koh family will be some of the most memorable characters I read all year. Their devotion and sacrifice to one another is stunning. The official description of American Hagwon calls this loyalty something like a prayer, and I think that is perfect. While this doesn't publish until September, that gives you plenty of time to read Pachinko and Free Food for Millionaires in anticipation.

[Lisa of Troy]

I pre-ordered! This book will be released in 2026 from Min Jin Lee, author of Pachinko and Free Food for Millionaires (both of which I loved!).

[Thomas · Rating 4 out of 5]

Read and enjoyed every page of this 600+ page novel. Min Jin Lee’s prose is straightforward and non-flashy, though I was hooked by her writing and read this book late into the night. I grew to care deeply about the characters, especially John and Helen Koh, their children, and their extended family. Grateful to Lee for her three-dimensional characterization of Korean women and men (especially appreciate how Lee includes Asian men who are kind, smart, attractive, etc.) Also, Lee’s full focus on this Korean cast of characters with essentially no white characters… iconic decentering of whiteness when so many Asian/Asian American authors are not doing that.

I appreciated the interesting theme of educational ambition and how different characters approached that. I also found Danbi’s character a fascinating study in the intersection of gender, money, and power. My heart felt most though for the Koh family, unsurprisingly – even if it may make me basic, my heart was warmed by the compassion and kindness in which Lee characterized this central group of characters in American Hagwon.

I would be curious to read what people, and especially Korean/Korean diasporic readers, think about how Lee portrayed the hagwon industry. I think she touches on people’s criticism of the industry especially through Tek’s character, though I wonder if readers may think that she was a bit too easy on the industry in regard to how it breeds/accelerates the negative effects of capitalism and wealth inequality, ambition over the mental health of children, etc. (though perhaps folks who think Lee went too easy on hagwons may think she also went too easy on capitalism/meritocracy as a whole?) It was interesting to read about how the characters justified their engagement with the hagwon industry by offering scholarships to a small (e.g., 10%) of students who couldn’t have afforded it otherwise.

Engaging read and overall worth the wait from Lee. Looking forward to reading her next book!

[levi (starboy) (s.ia)]

Pre read
This seems hella interesting

[enzoreads · Rating 5 out of 5]

Book of the Year.

[Marcus (Lit_Laugh_Luv)]

My review was reported because I complained about the price of this book… okay! I am still excited to read it, but I rest my case that this is a valid criticism! I love a good family saga, so excited for this release :)
---
Excited for this, but $47 CAD ($36 USD) is honestly a criminal price tag...Thank god the library exists

[Jessica Woodbury · Rating 4 out of 5]

In the first chapter of this novel, Helen Koh has three envelopes, one for each of her children, filled with money. This money will cover their clothes and supplies, but mostly it is for their school fees and educational expenses. Finding themselves back in Korea after several years away, the Koh family will find that this system they've relied on is no longer able to provide what they need. In Korea the children are already behind their classmates, the expectations are much higher, and everyone studies not just for school but in Hagwons on evenings and weekends where they receive additional work and instruction. In the first few pages, Lee lays out for us exactly what we will be considering for the rest of the novel--the expectations around education and the financial burden of meeting it.

In so many books I read, it's like money doesn't exist. Even when we are told a character is broke, they rarely seem to act broke except for when it's convenient for the story, they rarely think all that much about money. It is common for a character strapped for cash to vaguely consider their maxed out credit cards and then ignore them for the rest of the story. Those maxed out credit cards never seem to come due. In American Hagwon, money is a real thing and it's reassuring to me to see how much these characters consider it, talk about it, plan around it. (Recession indicator? Possibly.) This is a book about sacrifice, about characters who give up their own comfort to provide for others. And this is not just talk, it is real effort, with care and love of family often attached.

It is beautiful to follow the Koh family through many years, as the children become adults, as the parents grow old. If anything, they are all a bit too saintly, too self-sacrificing, too generous and kind. I would have liked it a bit more if one of them had developed an addiction or done something thoughtless and unwise, by the time you have been with them for 500 pages you do start to wonder if they have ever made mistakes. This moral clarity, the black and white world of these characters, also extends to the villains. The chief antagonist may eventually have her motives explained, but she is so consistently evil, so selfish and vain and greedy, that I was actually hoping she would have a redemption arc.

The morality of the book may be simple, but the paths of these characters are not. This is an expansive novel with dozens of characters, as the Koh family moves farther out into the world, the story expands into the lives of their friends and neighbors. All along the way these questions of money and education linger, returning again and again. The obsessive Korean system with its hagwons, the question of whether there is a better way to teach students, the generational and cultural divides between those who want change and those who want tradition. It is a very Korean book and a very American one as well, moving between the two countries (with the occasional stop in Australia) and the Koh's are a unique family who are able to move between these countries and understand how each of them work.

There is something old about this novel, rather Dickensian. Not just in the structure and character, but in the prose, which has an old-fashioned straightforwardness to it. Even though I prefer books where the moral universe is more relative, there is an appeal to people who are good, to spending time with the Koh's who only argue with each other when it is about who will sacrifice and who will be the one sacrificed for. It hits different to read this kind of novel now than it would have 20 years ago.

Lee is, truly, a treasure. This is the 3rd of 4 novels in her loosely connected Diaspora Quartet and I will be anxiously awaiting the 4th.

[Shantha (ShanthasBookEra) · Rating 5 out of 5]

"A masterpiece by turns sweeping and intimate, that reckons with ambition and moderation, lust and loyalty, personal dreams and familial duty."

The Koh family lived a nice middle class life in Korea. When John's friend betrays him and the Korean financial crisis of 1997 occurs, the Koh family has to regroup and do whatever it takes to meet their basic needs.

I absolutely loved everything about this book which explores diaspora, immigration, education, ambition, and family dynamics and values in depth. The character development is outstanding and I felt invested in all the characters, some more likable than others. The prose is captivating, engaging and immersive. I loved this as much as Pachinko but it felt more relatable to me. It is one of my favorite reads this year. Highly recommend this magnificent masterpiece.

Many thanks to NetGalley, Grand Central Publishing, Cardinal and Min Jin Lee for the gifted advance reader's copy. All opinions are my own.

[Lisa (NY) · Rating 4.5 out of 5]

[4+] As I reached page 640, I was sad to see this novel end. I would have loved a few hundred more pages with the Koh family. Lee is a master storyteller who has crafted an epic about a Korean family, their struggles, their immigration to Los Angeles, and, above all, their experience with hagwons.

I was fascinated by the novel's deep examination of the stressful Korean (and American) education system and the role of hagwons, as well as the unusually detailed accounts of the characters' financial lives. Lee writes in a straightforward, workmanlike style - there are no sentences I wanted to underline - but I was thoroughly engrossed in this fine novel.

[Chloe]

The rules of engagement have changed already.

I'm deeply interested in the themes covered within this novel: education, economic fragility, immigration/diaspora and the struggle of trying to be fair in an unfair world. I've watched countless interviews with the author where she discusses her thoughts and motivations behind writing American Hagwon, all very admirable. This is definitely an ideas novel.

That being said I didn't love this as much as Pachinko. I personally didn't connect much with the characters and often felt like I was at a distance. I wish I was articulate enough to really explain why this didn't totally work for me.

14/01/2026
HUGE news for me personally!!!

[Stephanie · Rating 4 out of 5]

There are SO many thoughts I have on American Hagwon, Min Jin Lee's follow up to the classic Pachinko, which came out almost ten years ago.

On one hand, American Hagwon is a deeply delicate novel about the education system on an international level. It explores the extreme steps parents take to ensure their children receive a top-notch education, regardless of the cost. At its core, the book highlights the immigrant experience and the profound sacrifices made to pave the way for the next generation's success.

Lee’s prose is wonderfully direct; she lacks lush, overly descriptive language or melodrama. Instead, her phrases are simple and clean. She makes her point beautifully without any unnecessary complexity.

On the other hand, Lee doesn't use the descriptions of longing that I wish it did. The phrases are simple, nothing too complex, and the point is made. Sometimes, I just wanted MORE.

However, the book is LONG. Maybe 250 pages too long, but I still couldn't put it down.

[Traci Thomas · Rating 4 out of 5]

There are parts of this book I really loved; The writing style, some of the characters, the moments of scandal and drama. There were also parts of this book that dragged on; certain other characters, the monotony of Hagwon management. Overall a solid book and it did make me cry but it was too long and repetitive.

[Erin · Rating 2 out of 5]

Yikes this was not for me. I was really excited to get this ARC because I am also currently reading Pachinko and am really liking it. This however, did not do it for me.

From the jump, I found that there were wayyy too many characters. It is similar to Pachinko in there are large families and lots of connections between them being made, but it was a lot harder for me me to make those connections and remember the relationships because we were switching storylines and perspectives so quickly. There were several tragedies that happen along the way that I wish made a big impact on me and I feel like should have, but because of the jumpy narrative, I couldn't find myself connecting enough to care or illicit any real emotions.

This book is objectively beautifully written without a doubt. I would read a stunning and consider rating this a lot higher. I also feel like there were potentially some really fantastic themes, but I'm not sure they were explored enough for me to really understand the points that were trying to be made. Maybe this was just too over my head, which is very possible, and this was absolutely a story about characters dealing with things I've never even begun to experience, but it just wasn't landing like I wish it was.

I also feel like there was no real arc here. The story just kinda immediately kicked off which was great, but there was no structure to follow it, no rising action, and no real conclusion. The book just kinda ended...and I was honestly shocked that there were no pages left. The ending was truly just so anti-climatic. That being said, this was insanely long for what it was, and I did not find myself wanting to pick this up.

Overall, I didn't understand the message or themes, I didn't love the characters, and the storytelling narrative did not work for me.

I'm so disappointed I didn't like this. Min Jin fans please don't come for me.

Thank you to NetGalley for an ARC of this book in exchange for an honest review.

[Julie · Rating 2 out of 5]

The description of this novel really piqued my interest and I was so eager to get approved for the ARC that when I received the confirmation e-mail I started reading right away. The story starts after the Koh family moves back from Sydney to Seoul and realises they don't fit in as much as they did before. The kids are having a hard time at school, and there just isn't enough money to cover all the costs of living. Eventually they settle in California where they realise their skills and education don't mean much. Once a respected manager, the father John ends up working at Shrimp Castle, and the mother Helen as a shop assistant. We follow their lives as they try to stay afloat.

What was an interesting beginning, turned into such a drag for me. I found the writing very dry, emotionless and simplistic. There was too much telling and not enough showing, even down to what some of characters were carrying in their bags, which, why should we care? What does that bring to the story? The characters seemed very 2D and their dialogues didn't feel realistic at all. Around the 50% mark, the family suffers a loss, and they just don't have a reaction to it. There is no description of their grief, we just move on and the story continues after the funeral. I found this so odd and cold. Not much further after that, I realised there was nothing this book was giving me that made me want to continue reading and see through to the end. I did finish it, but the ending was basically nonexistent. The story just stops. Even after all 650 pages, I did not feel like I knew any of the characters. I believe the book could have benefitted from being shorter. I don't see the point of all those pages, if most of them are just repeated scenes and similar dialogues.

The overarching message of the book is criticism about how extremely important education is to Koreans. The main characters are trying to fight against that and relieve some of the pressure around getting into the best colleges, by speaking to parents and trying to explain that their unrealistic expectations were hurting their children. I appreciate this sentiment, but I felt that it was too on the nose and rubbed in our faces, especially by one of the characters' monologue. I think it would've been much better if the reader had the chance to discover this message by themselves.

I honestly wish I DNFed the book, because I didn't gain anything from reading it. The only reason I stuck through was because this was an ARC and I wanted to respect the author and publisher.

Thank you to the publisher and NetGalley for providing me with an e-ARC in exchange for an honest review.

[Amber · Rating 5 out of 5]

Only MJL can make me read a 600+ page novel in two days 🥰

[Jules · Rating 4 out of 5]

I had to look up what a Hagwon was as I had no idea. It's a Korean term for a for-profit private educational institution and it therefore forms the basis of this epic family saga.

The Koh family (John and Helen, and their three children) are building their lives in Korea, however after a betrayal by someone they thought they could trust and then the financial crisis of 1997, they move to Sydney and then eventually to California to start their lives over again. John and Helen struggle to find work but are determined to do everything they can to support their children and end up working in manual jobs with long hours, which is particularly difficult for John due to the high status corporate world he was used to in Korea.

In time, the Koh children recognise the importance of education in allowing future generations to escape the difficulties their parents have endured. But with success comes a question they must ask themselves - do they put wealth above their principles?

At a whopping 700-ish pages, American Hagwon needs to keep your interest and indeed, for me, it really did - I don't believe there's a word wasted in this book. The characters are well rounded and each of them plays an important part in this intricately woven story. It is clear the meaning that family has to Min Jin Lee, particularly when it comes to parents who wish a better life for their children.

A truly enjoyable read, despite its size (don't be put off!).

[nathan · Rating 4 out of 5]

Major thanks to Fourth Estate, dbbooks, and Net Galley for spoiling me with an ARC (a digital copy for when my limp wrists were too weak to lug this physical around ANDDD a physical edition !!! which feels so good in the hands as a sturdy paperback…the uk just does it better) in exchange for my honest review:

for all my orange county kumon 칭구들 . hits home. maybe my parents did really love me through their sacrifices. have i loved them enough? have i loved my passions enough?

Lee does it again in this immense family saga that globes over the IMF Crisis and the impact it had on those who tried to build lives for their future and their children’s futures.

THE big book of the summer !

video to come soooooon

[Kathryn · Rating 5 out of 5]

dare I say, better than pachinko

[Derek Driggs · Rating 5 out of 5]

American Hagwon is a deeply Korean project, but the casual reader should not assume it is “just about Korea” any more than Middlemarch was just about the English Midlands.

Min Jin Lee, like George Eliot, has a special vision for her work: instead of telling a story, she creates and then systematically dissects an entire world in miniature, one fully populated and rife with social hierarchy and political striving and its own complex economy.

To me, what Eliot and Lee both manage with this approach is demonstrating this: there are actually no dividing walls between the life of the heart and the life of the spirit and the life of the mind and, in crude terms, the life of the dollar (or pound sterling, as the case may be).

Lee’s world, like Eliot’s, is stark in its stakes: its people live or die by their own industry, education is a governing force in life’s unfolding, love both animates and decimates, and faith and loyalty and discipline and integrity are their own forms of currency when cash, inevitably, is no longer king.

I am not Korean, but Korea shaped me from my earliest young adulthood; my brain’s architecture is scaffolded on a blend of English and Korean, and I have the privilege of teaching Korean language classes at a time when Korea is among the major players in global cultural influence.

From my long engagement with Korean culture my soul has been shaped in some uniquely Korean ways. “What ways are those?” you might ask. But ultimately I think I’d say if you wanted to understand, you’d have to sit in a Korean living room and just watch people do life for a decade or so.

And it’s here that Min Jin Lee does us one better: she builds the living room, the house, the neighborhood, the whole world, and she populates it, and then she breathes life into it. “There,” it’s as though she’s saying, “now watch and learn.”

Some of those untranslatable Korean lessons we learn, no, we live, with her characters: there’s jeong, or the familial love that forms between people over time and which outlasts novelty to weather true tribulation. Then there’s nunchi, the ruling principle of Korean society—easily put as “pay attention to relationship dynamics and read the room”—except it must always be activated, and its proper deployment requires fast thinking and faster action. Then there’s budam, which is the kind of weight that accompanies loyalty: this is the hard-learned rule that actually, a gift horse should be looked in the mouth. A hastily accepted gift or compliment all too often comes with expectations, and when your loyalties are honest, expectations are not something to trifle with. Trust, as it turns out, is a gamble.

I have a shelf of books that, amidst all my constant reading and research, I come back to again and again. Middlemarch is on that shelf, along with some other greats, but it’s rare for a new book to claim space there. American Hagwon has officially taken a spot—I’m literally already reading it for the second time (and the audiobook, it turns out, does justice to the physical one!).

I’ve had a hard time finishing this review because there’s so much more I want to say—about the characters and the painstaking research they took to create (Min Jin Lee must be an extraordinary listener, to know so well what makes a soul!); about the financial realism of the book (an aspect that felt truly unique); about the stylistic bravery to write an omniscient narrator—and how American Hagwon helped me think about the grander scheme of my life, how very-much-not-omniscient, easily confounded me is part of something bigger, a larger inyeon (I’ll let you look that one up).

[Jaclyn]

I’m so drawn to storytelling on this scale. I want scope, I want saga. The power, purpose and limits of education for migrants are tested in interesting ways. This is a portrait of Korean families in Sydney, Seoul and California and that panoramic perspecive allows for some nuanced and at times uncomfortable storytelling. The ways these families sacrifice and struggle was deeply felt. Parts of it hurt to read seeing aspects of all migrant families including my own. Lee will have you turning pages so don’t be intimidated by the heft. I felt some of the points about education were a little laboured and even didactic but the family story saved it. We’ve waited ten years for new work from Lee and it was worth the wait. She gives us books to live inside and characters to care deeply for.

[Chrissie Whitley · Rating 5 out of 5]

Review to follow.

[Aggie · Rating 4.5 out of 5]

One thing I really liked was the third-person omniscient writing style. Honestly, when a book has a massive cast of characters to remember, this "all-knowing" narrator style makes everything so much easier to follow. You never get lost trying to figure out whose head you're in or who is who.

The story nails the insane pressure families put on their kids to climb the social ladder. Min Jin Lee perfectly captures that cutthroat obsession with higher education to raise a family's status in the community. It feels incredibly intense, but honestly, it’s just so typical in an Asian household. It’s definitely a slower, more detailed burn than Pachinko, but it's a super realistic look at what families go through to survive and prove themselves.

[Bonnie G. · Rating 5 out of 5]

That was pretty much perfect. I am not sure what to say about this sprawling epic, the third book in Lee's loosely linked series grounded in the Korean diaspora. I am not sure how this book, which emanates from a very particular community, constantly made me think of Middlemarch and occasionally East of Eden. These are books that seem to have nothing to do with one another. But all focus on community expectations, on invented definitions of good and right, and on the loneliness of wisdom.

I have tried three times to read the first book in this group, Free Food for Millionaires, and I can't make myself like it. I will try again, because Lee's elaborate, immaculate books that focus on the psychology of groups, and how those shared standards come up against, and are impacted by, the shared standards of other groups are clearly my jam. I loved Pachinko, but I thought this was even better. My only complaint is the sheer perfection of certain characters (John and Lion in this book and Sunja in Pachinko), this Christlike demeanor. I have decided to treat them as allegorical characters and let it go because letting it bother me would just be me focusing on the trees. It is a beautiful forest Lee has grown here.

I listened to the audiobook for this, and while I imagine there is value in reading the text, this is one of the very best narrated books I have ever listened to. Yerin Ha is a marvel.

[Stanislava Banova · Rating 3 out of 5]

I can not believe that I'm giving such a low rating for a Min Jin Lee novel,(both her previous books got 5 stars from me)but here we are.I'm genuinely so bummed this didn't work for me,it had the perfect ingredients - multi generation family saga, immigrant experience,a love story,stuff about education systems in different countries and yet... Everything I expected from a book from this author, getting emotionally invested in her characters and getting completely immersed in their world and their stories just didn't happen.So many people involved and didn't really care for a single one.Also a bit of a spoiler,but the villain couldn't have been a bigger femme fatal caricature.
Again,I can't believe that I waited so many years for a new Min Jin Lee book and this was it.

[DaUhn · Rating 5 out of 5]

I need some time to come back from this. But damn, she’s done it again.

[You Li · Rating 4 out of 5]

min jin lee commits to a humongous undertaking by questioning the way we approach education. in no less than 650 pages she is not shy about acknowledging the way education touches so many aspects of life from class to race to culture and community. even with such a challenging endeavor the story remains so approachable and real, decades of research culminate in to a thought provoking family saga with education at its center.

i was instantly hooked by the characters in this book. she captures human complexity so well and so relatably. i loved the thoroughness and the omnipresent perspective which really gave us access to the thoughts of every character in the huge korean community from seoul to sydney and then to orange county. she moves her chess peices so well and pushes along the plot at a pace that’s so digestible. when it ended abruptly i was shocked i still wanted 100 more pages. -1 star for the poignant pause ending instead of the depth and closure a 600 page book should deliver.

having read free food and pachinko, i think she’s certainly done an excellent job again. i’ll remember tidbits of this book in the same way i still find myself quoting and thinking about free food for millionaires.

[MicheleReader · Rating 4.5 out of 5]

Min Jin Lee's saga of the Korean diaspora begins in 1992 in Seoul. John and Helen Koh want the very best for sons Bo and DH, and daughter Mido. John's managerial job has taken them to the United States, Australia, and back to South Korea. When Miko struggles to adapt to school, she attends a local hagwon, a private, for-profit tutoring center or cram school that students attend outside regular school hours. The ultimate goal is for the children to secure admission to a top university. John experiences a betrayal from his boss and trusted friend, and with the 1997 financial collapse in Korea, the Koh family's economic situation changes drastically. The family seeks new opportunities in Southern California. There, the Koh children, now adults, join their close friends in working at a newly established and immediately successful American hagwon, where the local Korean families are obsessed with over-achievement. 

American Hagwon is an excellent intergenerational story which concludes in 2007. The characters are exceptionally well developed, including not only the Koh family members, who are incredibly loyal to one another, but also their friends and foes. Don't let the length of more than 650 pages deter you from reading this captivating book that moves very quickly. It is an eye-opening look at Korean culture, and the extreme sacrifices parents make to secure their children's success in a highly competitive environment. While reading, it is difficult not to reflect on the true meaning of success and happiness.

Many thanks to Cardinal | Grand Central Publishing for providing a gifted advance of this memorable book.

4.5 stars.

Review posted on MicheleReader.com.