It's 2026 and liminal horror has become a mainstream hit with the movie Backroom smashing multiple box office records and became the highest-grossing film of everyone's favourite cinephile hipster "independent" studio, A24.
Liminal horror itself is nothing new, especially within literature. Novels like House of Leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski and the novella A Short Stay in Hell by Steven L. Peck were published a decade or two prior, and even older works such as Lovecraft's short stories like the well known The Dreams in the Witch House or Arthur Machen, who was doing cosmic horror pre-Lovecraft and his novella The Great God Pan encapsulated liminal horror in the late 19th century. These work captures the horror-ness of liminal spaces and plays with the concept. The liminal aspect itself is the existential threat and dread as the psychological aspect with the story dealt with the creeping, alien, liminality of a certain places.
The 2026's film, Backrooms by a young twenty year-old Kane Parsons deal with liminal horror in a different way. Parsons' take on the Backrooms concept deal less with the place as this dreaded existential dimension, rather explores what humanity would fill these empty spaces in-between. Instead of being just a physical labyrinth, the backrooms function as a collective, shifting dream space that beams back the demons of those that went into the backrooms. While Parsons' take seem to be the most cerebral out of all the Backrooms concept, its most basic idea, in that the backroom holds something more ala monsters is very much the common execution style of the Backrooms story. In essence, the horror of the place's liminality becomes secondary to the externalized manifestation of human trauma, grief, and personal demons brought by those that found themselves in the backrooms.
Enter Exit 8, an analogous Japanese counterpart of the backrooms concept. It was at first a 2023 indie horror puzzle-box game that if executed poorly could've been just another boring walking simulator. It was however a successful game that brought liminal horror to the mainstream in Japan, so much so that a movie adaptation was made.
This novelization is written by Genki Kawamura, the director and co-writer of the movie adaptation. While there are a few exceptions, I do find that novelization done by the actual creative behind the movie a rare occurrences. Directing movies and writing novels are such radically different disciplines that few creators cross the streams but Kawamura himself is an accomplished author making the transition to the medium less awkward or gaudy.
The story is minimalistic, even if there were more added to a barebones puzzle-box game. Written in first person, the novel follows an unnamed narrator who found himself stuck in a loop while walking through a metro station passageway. Similar to the Backrooms movie, this weird little location that the unnamed narrator found himself in, while projected some creepy and downright sinister atmosphere and phenomenon, was more about the psychological aspect of the narrator's mental state was in and the examination of Japanese culture in the modern climate. Prior to finding himself stuck in the loop, the narrator received the news that his ex is pregnant and she is in a crossroad of wanting to keep the baby or abort.
Despite the small page count, the novel is anything but simple. It's minimalistic, sure, but is also dense with multilayered imagery, symbolism and subtext. After watching the movie and seeing the discussion around it, many (from the West) interpreted the subtext and symbolism from westerner point of view like the number 8 referencing the months or stages of pregnancy before childbirth on the 9th month or this was an atonement by going through hell inspired by Dante's inferno or this was about fatherhood while there were criticism about the "pro-choice" message because Japan are (in 2026) facing a decline in birthrates. Even with "Death of the Author", horror stories are uniquely tied to the anxieties of a certain culture or society. Japan’s historical and legal landscape regarding abortion is vastly different. Abortion is legal and the norm. The unnamed narrator was in the situation where abortion made most sense as it wasn’t even with his wife but his ex while knowing too well the Japanese society is unkind to single mothers. The 8 refers to the Eightfold Path in Buddhism, a direct means to nirvana and brings a release from the cycle of life and death in the realms of samsara. There were a lot more imagery and references to Japanese society like baby dumping into coin lockers, the legacy of Samurai stoicism and wartime imperial culture that still permeates within the salaryman lifestyle or mindset. There are a lot to unpack from the story that uses pregnancy as a narrative catalyst for an entirely different theme of male emotional cowardice and apathy that leads to social alienation.
The novel is a work of translation so it's hard to really judge the prose and the writing's atmosphere. There are writers like Akane Tanaka or Mieko Kawakami who called the english translation of their works to be the works of their translator more than their books because the translator had to adjust for it to make sense or flow better in English. Similarly, there are authors like Keigo Higashino and Yume Aso who works closely with their translator in the hopes for a 1:1 translation. Where Exit 8 falls in that category is unknown to me but Sameeha Anwar did a great job on the translation because the novel's writing aesthetic matches well to what was aesthetically on the screen. There's a cold and emotionally muted aspect to the narration that became more and more phantasmagoric while also becoming more and more claustrophobic and oppressive in scope. The prose are understated and precise. The coldness and detached narration created a deadpan precise observation that paints clear pictures of the metro station but it became a lot more strip down and less clinical as the plot progress. The story jumps perspectives, starting with the unnamed narrator, then jumping to the Walking Man and, finally, the Boy. If there's one aspect I didn't like, it's the addition of images like the floor plan, tiled walls and scenery to spot where the anomalies are. In my opinion, it was just not need at all.
In Japan, the craft of writing fiction is hold up in high regard, no matter if it's literary fiction or genre fiction. The craft of writing a genre fiction novel is not seen as lower on the totem pole or dismissed by readers. It's why the Naoki Prize, a prize explicitly awarded for popular fiction or genre fiction or entertainment literature is seen just as prestigious as the one for literary fiction in Akutagawa Prize. Exit 8 by Genki Kawamura and Sameeha Anwar is a novelization that stood on such high level.