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Warlords: Borden; Mackenzie King and Canada's World Wars
Two portraits flank the doors leading into Canada's House of Commons: Sir Robert Borden to the left and W.L.M. King to the right. While each man appears flatteringly stern, wise, and charismatic, it is the portrait plaques that are of particular interest. Borden's caption reads: "World War I War Leader, 1914–1918," while King's caption is similar: "World War II War Leader, 1939–1945." No other dates are given.
Perhaps that definition makes sense for Borden, who did litt of note before the war; it does not ring true for King, Canada's longest serving prime minister. Yet in both cases world wars shaped their careers and legacies. They ushered in massive government changes: income tax, health care, and conscription; changes to society through industrialization, enfranchisement, and patriotic unpaid labour; and they raised enormous armed forces from a civilian base.
Warlords is a fast-paced narrative that humanizes the war effort through the eyes of the prime ministers. Set against how our senior politicians governed themselves and the nation during these difficult times, it offers an invaluable perspective of war and war leaders.
Perhaps that definition makes sense for Borden, who did litt of note before the war; it does not ring true for King, Canada's longest serving prime minister. Yet in both cases world wars shaped their careers and legacies. They ushered in massive government changes: income tax, health care, and conscription; changes to society through industrialization, enfranchisement, and patriotic unpaid labour; and they raised enormous armed forces from a civilian base.
Warlords is a fast-paced narrative that humanizes the war effort through the eyes of the prime ministers. Set against how our senior politicians governed themselves and the nation during these difficult times, it offers an invaluable perspective of war and war leaders.
Unknown Binding
First published September 25, 2012
About the author
Tim Cook
36 books164 followersTim Cook (1971 in Kingston - October 26, 2025) was a Canadian military historian and author.
Dr. Tim Cook was the Chief Historian & Director of Research at the Canadian War Museum in Ottawa, and a part-time history professor at Carleton University. He has also published several books about the military history of Canada during World War I.
Dr. Cook is a member of the Order of Canada.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Cook...
Dr. Tim Cook was the Chief Historian & Director of Research at the Canadian War Museum in Ottawa, and a part-time history professor at Carleton University. He has also published several books about the military history of Canada during World War I.
Dr. Cook is a member of the Order of Canada.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Cook...
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Displaying 1 - 22 of 22 reviews
April 5, 2019
Tim Cook’s books look heavy and intimidating. I keep buying them and then being afraid to start reading, afraid it will be too much for me. But he is the only author since Pierre Berton to spark my interest in Canadian history. Now that I have finished Warlords I can’t say enough about how accessible his writing is, I’m thoroughly a fan, pleasantly surprised, relieved, anxious to read more.
How do you run a country when war breaks out? You didn’t sign up for this and your country is not imminently threatened. Neither of Canada’s wartime PMs were charismatic leaders but they got the job done above all expectations. For me it was eye opening, fascinating history. I have read quite a bit about the two world wars so I was able to place the narrative alongside the timeline of the war with the few clues Cook gives us. If I hadn’t, I would be wanting to read up on it now. As it is, I’ll read more from Tim Cook specifically about Canada’s role.
How do you run a country when war breaks out? You didn’t sign up for this and your country is not imminently threatened. Neither of Canada’s wartime PMs were charismatic leaders but they got the job done above all expectations. For me it was eye opening, fascinating history. I have read quite a bit about the two world wars so I was able to place the narrative alongside the timeline of the war with the few clues Cook gives us. If I hadn’t, I would be wanting to read up on it now. As it is, I’ll read more from Tim Cook specifically about Canada’s role.
January 7, 2026
Warlords: Borden, Mackenzie King and Canada's World Wars
Warlords by Tim Cook grew out of an interest of mine in Robert Borden and Canada’s leadership during the world wars. The book opens with the paired portraits of Robert Borden and William Lyon Mackenzie King in the House of Commons, both labeled Warlords. From there, Cook delivers what is essentially two biographies in one. Only near the end does he draw connections and do his best to narrate against type.
As I read, I found myself doing trying to locate the author’s sympathies. Cook is a military historian, and it shows. He is clearly drawn to leaders who seize moments, coordinate effectively, and are willing to stake their reputation on a single, controversial decision. In this book, that defining issue is conscription and that person is more Borden.
Borden was prepared to divide the country and fracture his party in order to support soldiers overseas and distribute the burden of war more evenly across regions. And he accomplished all of this, including destroying his own party after the war.
King was not—at least not until the final months of 1944—even as Canadian casualty rates rose because troop numbers were not being replenished. Cook works hard to acknowledge the upside of King’s approach: keeping the country together, maintaining unity, and achieving a level of political dominance that would be unthinkable today. In that sense, King succeeded where Borden did not.
At the same time, Cook cannot entirely restrain his criticism. King is repeatedly portrayed as distant from military strategy and disengaged from the ordeal of Canadian troops. His attention remained fixed on domestic politics. Even when Cook presents King’s caution as prudent and celebrates his political successes, Cook goes back and forth, countering King's political success by stating that nothing was written in his diary about a major campaign where Canadian soldiers were dying.
Overall this is a book that offers something for many readers: a portrait of Canada during two total wars; the growth of Canadian nationalism; the divisions those wars created; the emergence of war economies; political strategy and elections; and the personal consequences of leadership. Borden leaves office immediately after the war, visibly exhausted, psychologically diminished, and his party in ruins. King retires from a strong Liberal party but into social isolation, and his reputation suffers after his death when his spiritualism becomes public.
Two quotations from the King chapters stayed with me. Reflecting on decision-making under pressure, King remarks: “Like all these things, it is not a choice of perfection, but the lesser of two difficult situations” (252). Later, Cook offers a sharper assessment that feels revealing of his own stance. In writing about the decision for the internment of Japanese Canadians: “For King, it was always easier to do nothing, to sacrifice a minority to satisfy the demands of the majority (except in the case of Quebec), and to avoid conflict by doing the wrong thing” (284).
The lesson for me in Warlords is about the tension between the results of decisions with different short and long term decisions. How far should you sacrifice domestic harmony to save lives? How far should a leader suspend democratic ideals to safeguard democracy?
I'll finally over read that at the House of Commons in Ottawa, the Borden statue and King statue are on opposite entrances of the grounds.
Warlords by Tim Cook grew out of an interest of mine in Robert Borden and Canada’s leadership during the world wars. The book opens with the paired portraits of Robert Borden and William Lyon Mackenzie King in the House of Commons, both labeled Warlords. From there, Cook delivers what is essentially two biographies in one. Only near the end does he draw connections and do his best to narrate against type.
As I read, I found myself doing trying to locate the author’s sympathies. Cook is a military historian, and it shows. He is clearly drawn to leaders who seize moments, coordinate effectively, and are willing to stake their reputation on a single, controversial decision. In this book, that defining issue is conscription and that person is more Borden.
Borden was prepared to divide the country and fracture his party in order to support soldiers overseas and distribute the burden of war more evenly across regions. And he accomplished all of this, including destroying his own party after the war.
King was not—at least not until the final months of 1944—even as Canadian casualty rates rose because troop numbers were not being replenished. Cook works hard to acknowledge the upside of King’s approach: keeping the country together, maintaining unity, and achieving a level of political dominance that would be unthinkable today. In that sense, King succeeded where Borden did not.
At the same time, Cook cannot entirely restrain his criticism. King is repeatedly portrayed as distant from military strategy and disengaged from the ordeal of Canadian troops. His attention remained fixed on domestic politics. Even when Cook presents King’s caution as prudent and celebrates his political successes, Cook goes back and forth, countering King's political success by stating that nothing was written in his diary about a major campaign where Canadian soldiers were dying.
Overall this is a book that offers something for many readers: a portrait of Canada during two total wars; the growth of Canadian nationalism; the divisions those wars created; the emergence of war economies; political strategy and elections; and the personal consequences of leadership. Borden leaves office immediately after the war, visibly exhausted, psychologically diminished, and his party in ruins. King retires from a strong Liberal party but into social isolation, and his reputation suffers after his death when his spiritualism becomes public.
Two quotations from the King chapters stayed with me. Reflecting on decision-making under pressure, King remarks: “Like all these things, it is not a choice of perfection, but the lesser of two difficult situations” (252). Later, Cook offers a sharper assessment that feels revealing of his own stance. In writing about the decision for the internment of Japanese Canadians: “For King, it was always easier to do nothing, to sacrifice a minority to satisfy the demands of the majority (except in the case of Quebec), and to avoid conflict by doing the wrong thing” (284).
The lesson for me in Warlords is about the tension between the results of decisions with different short and long term decisions. How far should you sacrifice domestic harmony to save lives? How far should a leader suspend democratic ideals to safeguard democracy?
I'll finally over read that at the House of Commons in Ottawa, the Borden statue and King statue are on opposite entrances of the grounds.
October 27, 2024
Maybe the best book I’ve ever read in my life: thorough, convincing, and shines a strong light on the conflicted but purposeful gentlemen that were Canada’s two wartime PMs.
August 2, 2026
This is the first Tim Cook book I’ve ever read. It’s a shame, as I’ve known of him for a long time, but, I’ve never taken the time to dive into his work.
This was an excellent read, and I’m left all that much better for having engaged in it.
1. What was this book trying to do, and did it succeed?
This book sheds light on two Canadian Prime Ministers, the ones that carried the rare moniker of being Warlords. Borden, and King. WWI, and WW2. This book in excellent fashion details the challenges they faced, and how they met those challenges. I think this should be mandatory reading for those interested in Canadian history around this time period.
2. What’s the one idea, scene, or passage I’m still thinking about?
Mackenzie King. What a character. The detail with which Cook described him was something alright. I’m forever changed after learning all that I have of this Prime Minister. What a buffoon - but, he pulled it off.
3. Where did it lose me — a weak stretch, a claim I doubted, a section that dragged?
Some of the passages on King ran a little long. I understand that they were necessary to build up the context, but, it was easy to glaze through those at times.
4. How does it stack up against the best book I’ve read on a similar subject?
I haven’t read too many books like this truthfully. So this’ll set a barometer for me.
5. Who is this actually for?
Canadian history enthusiasts. Military history. Canadian prime ministers during the world wars. Anyone wanting to know more about this stuff.
6. What would I tell a friend before they started reading it?
Just keep going! It’s extremely accessible and you’ll come out far more knowledgable.
7. Did it change how I think about anything, even slightly?
Yes. It’s easy to judge previous Prime Ministers by the sensibilities of today. Most fail to measure up against these contemporary standards. But my god, what an aggravating man King was. Reading this really was my first exposure to what he was like as a PM. All I ever knew was that he was our longest serving PM. I didn’t know all his other failings. But, I’m being harsh here. He did have some redeemable traits. Also, the strained relationship of Quebec and the rest of Canada during WWI and WW2 was interesting to read and learn more about. I didn’t know just how deep these divisions were.
This was an excellent read, and I’m left all that much better for having engaged in it.
1. What was this book trying to do, and did it succeed?
This book sheds light on two Canadian Prime Ministers, the ones that carried the rare moniker of being Warlords. Borden, and King. WWI, and WW2. This book in excellent fashion details the challenges they faced, and how they met those challenges. I think this should be mandatory reading for those interested in Canadian history around this time period.
2. What’s the one idea, scene, or passage I’m still thinking about?
Mackenzie King. What a character. The detail with which Cook described him was something alright. I’m forever changed after learning all that I have of this Prime Minister. What a buffoon - but, he pulled it off.
3. Where did it lose me — a weak stretch, a claim I doubted, a section that dragged?
Some of the passages on King ran a little long. I understand that they were necessary to build up the context, but, it was easy to glaze through those at times.
4. How does it stack up against the best book I’ve read on a similar subject?
I haven’t read too many books like this truthfully. So this’ll set a barometer for me.
5. Who is this actually for?
Canadian history enthusiasts. Military history. Canadian prime ministers during the world wars. Anyone wanting to know more about this stuff.
6. What would I tell a friend before they started reading it?
Just keep going! It’s extremely accessible and you’ll come out far more knowledgable.
7. Did it change how I think about anything, even slightly?
Yes. It’s easy to judge previous Prime Ministers by the sensibilities of today. Most fail to measure up against these contemporary standards. But my god, what an aggravating man King was. Reading this really was my first exposure to what he was like as a PM. All I ever knew was that he was our longest serving PM. I didn’t know all his other failings. But, I’m being harsh here. He did have some redeemable traits. Also, the strained relationship of Quebec and the rest of Canada during WWI and WW2 was interesting to read and learn more about. I didn’t know just how deep these divisions were.
December 21, 2022
This was an excellent book, covering the war time leader ship of Canada’s to Prime Minister’s, Robert Borden, and William Lyon Mackenzie
Tim Cook describes both Prime Minister’s leader ship starting with Gordon. We learn about Borden rise as party leader, and then thrust into the great war. Borden used a total war effort. Anything to win the war. It is stated that after the war Canada was never more divided because of conscription and the nightmare of war. Although Borden lead Canada onto the international stage, because of our sacrifices in the war, Canada gain more autonomy.
Tim Cook describes William Lyon Mackenzie‘s rise as party leader, and winning the liberal election. He describes him as a weird fellow who speaks to spirits, but that did not interfere with his political policy during the war McKenzie was cautious, never risking his political party or career. he used his cabinet and colleagues to achieve his goals. He was healed and keeping Quebec happy, which was his political base. He also was able to use his opponents policy and incorporate them into his own, such as social programs for CCF supporters, and guarantees to the war effort for conservative supporters in all Mackenzie King was able to keep the country unity through a traumatic six year war
While both leaders were different and personality and in execution of the war. They both succeeded in their own way to guide Canada and to winning or help winning the two biggest wars in human history.
Overall, this was a good book and I enjoyed reading about this Prime Minister in Canada’s role in the two world wars
Tim Cook describes both Prime Minister’s leader ship starting with Gordon. We learn about Borden rise as party leader, and then thrust into the great war. Borden used a total war effort. Anything to win the war. It is stated that after the war Canada was never more divided because of conscription and the nightmare of war. Although Borden lead Canada onto the international stage, because of our sacrifices in the war, Canada gain more autonomy.
Tim Cook describes William Lyon Mackenzie‘s rise as party leader, and winning the liberal election. He describes him as a weird fellow who speaks to spirits, but that did not interfere with his political policy during the war McKenzie was cautious, never risking his political party or career. he used his cabinet and colleagues to achieve his goals. He was healed and keeping Quebec happy, which was his political base. He also was able to use his opponents policy and incorporate them into his own, such as social programs for CCF supporters, and guarantees to the war effort for conservative supporters in all Mackenzie King was able to keep the country unity through a traumatic six year war
While both leaders were different and personality and in execution of the war. They both succeeded in their own way to guide Canada and to winning or help winning the two biggest wars in human history.
Overall, this was a good book and I enjoyed reading about this Prime Minister in Canada’s role in the two world wars
April 5, 2026
When it comes to reading Canadian history, you can never go wrong with any book by Canadian historian Tim Cook. Every book of his that I have read, I have enjoyed, and this book is no exception. In this book, he looks at the two Prime Ministers who led the country during the two World Wars, Sir Robert Borden (a conservative) during the First World War and William Lyon Mackenzie King (a liberal) during the Second World War.
The book can be considered to be in two parts, the first part coving Sir Robert Borden and his leading the country including the controversial decisions such as the war measures act allowing the federal cabinet to govern by decree, bypassing Parliament to suspend civil liberties, censor media, seize property, and the Military Service Act (1917) which brought in conscription and divided the country. The second part covered William Lyon Mackenzie King and his struggles to stay in power, the struggle to avoid conscription (spoiler: he was not able to), his desire to support Britain and not be dominated by the United States of America.
This was an interesting read and gives the reader insight into the minds of the two Prime Ministers and what they were thinking during the monumental decisions of each world war. I did not know much about Sir Robert Borden before reading this book, particularly his involvement in the international scene. When it came to Mackenzie King, the only thing I knew about him was his séances to communicate with his deceased mother. I did not know about his doubts and fears, which thanks to his prolific diary writing, we know what he was thinking during his tenure as Canada’s longest-serving Prime Minister.
The book can be considered to be in two parts, the first part coving Sir Robert Borden and his leading the country including the controversial decisions such as the war measures act allowing the federal cabinet to govern by decree, bypassing Parliament to suspend civil liberties, censor media, seize property, and the Military Service Act (1917) which brought in conscription and divided the country. The second part covered William Lyon Mackenzie King and his struggles to stay in power, the struggle to avoid conscription (spoiler: he was not able to), his desire to support Britain and not be dominated by the United States of America.
This was an interesting read and gives the reader insight into the minds of the two Prime Ministers and what they were thinking during the monumental decisions of each world war. I did not know much about Sir Robert Borden before reading this book, particularly his involvement in the international scene. When it came to Mackenzie King, the only thing I knew about him was his séances to communicate with his deceased mother. I did not know about his doubts and fears, which thanks to his prolific diary writing, we know what he was thinking during his tenure as Canada’s longest-serving Prime Minister.
December 17, 2017
Another fascinating read by one of Canada’s better historians. Mr. Cook does an admirable job of comparing these two Canadian figures who were thrust into situations that at the time seemed an impossible situation. Of course it is always easy to criticize events after the occurrence and to blast decisions made at such times but Cook does a good job of portraying these two titans during a crises without influencing the reader into a bias of whether the leader’s decisions were right or wrong. I, myself could not for example even imagine having to make a decision on conscription. How both of these two different personalities governed the nation through these terrible times was quite informative while at the same time keeping the reader interested without too much unneeded information. This is a highly recommended book to see how a young nation found its way through a perilous time that was both difficult and catastrophic to its citizens by men in power who’s decisions would last for generations.
July 2, 2024
I think that Tim Cook did a great job of making what could have been a very boring subject quite interesting.
I was somewhat familiar with each person and their roles in WWI and WWII, but this book brought out their personalities, their dreams and nightmares in an entertaining way. I never gave a lot of thought to the challenges that each faced in their time, but this book gave me an appreciation.
As a retired army officer, the one thing that I struck me, particularly with King, how both men were out of touch with the losses being suffered by Canadian troops and the lack of control that they had in determining where and how our troops were being used.
Overall, I enjoyed the book and look forward to reading Vimy Ridge soon. Highly recommended.
I was somewhat familiar with each person and their roles in WWI and WWII, but this book brought out their personalities, their dreams and nightmares in an entertaining way. I never gave a lot of thought to the challenges that each faced in their time, but this book gave me an appreciation.
As a retired army officer, the one thing that I struck me, particularly with King, how both men were out of touch with the losses being suffered by Canadian troops and the lack of control that they had in determining where and how our troops were being used.
Overall, I enjoyed the book and look forward to reading Vimy Ridge soon. Highly recommended.
July 28, 2020
Great book.
Changed my appreciation of both men but especially of King.
I didn't think much of him before except his ability to stay in power. After reading this I think that in spite of his eccentricities he is Canada's greatest PM.
Changed my appreciation of both men but especially of King.
I didn't think much of him before except his ability to stay in power. After reading this I think that in spite of his eccentricities he is Canada's greatest PM.
December 5, 2017
Fascinating look at Canada's Prime Ministers during WWI and WWII. Mr. Cook writes in a highly readable style that makes history come alive.
October 30, 2025
Fine story of the two leaders who took Canada through WW1 and WW2. They were flawed men but somehow they succeeded. Very interesting!
March 22, 2015
After reading many books about Canadians at war on the front lines and the home front it was interesting to read about the politics behind it. Prime Ministers Borden and MacKenzie King are very different people with different leadership styles yet both were tasks with the job of governing our nation during the biggest conflicts in our history. Borden was someone I knew little about. I found him quite fascinating, how he took a strong stance during the war over such controversial issues like conscription and as all his MP's and back benchers threatened to leave him, he still stood firm with what he believed in. MacKenzie King I will admit I really wanted to learn more about. Did he really contact the dead spirit of his mother and ask her for advice? Apparently the answer is yes. He seemed a most unlikeable man though, the type to pass the buck to someone else rather than owning up to his own mistakes. Although that's not really different from many other Prime Ministers we've had. From dithering about whether Canada would fully join the war effort overseas (he had to ask his mother) to believing that was first provoked into going to war by Poland and then believing he had been killed and therefore there would be no war. Stories like this helped to build his reputation for being a strange, even crazy leader who spoke to the dead and got advice from then on how to run the country. But King was one of our most educated and intelligent leaders and did a lot to turn Canada into a strong more independent nation. But as mentioned he will always be known as the crazy Prime Minister. Overall the book was a good read, very engaging and easy to read, but there were times when it was a bit dry and I had to struggle through it. Those parts were few and I loved learning more about Canada's recent history
August 12, 2012
I won this book in a Goodreads giveaway. Tim Cook, in his book "Warlords", compares the Canadian Prime Ministers, Robert Borden and William Lyon Mackenzie King, who had to govern and hold the country together, during the First and Second World Wars. Not only did they deal with supplying troops to help win the wars, but they helped Canada grow from a colony to become the independent nation she is today. Income tax, conscription, aid and benefits for returning veterans, the baby bonus and world wide recognition for Canada's contribution to the war effort are among things, that are taken for granted today, but were introduced by these two men. I highly recommend this book. It is not a cut and dry history volume, since Mr. Cook shows us also, the personal side of the lives of these two great Canadians.
July 21, 2015
Tim Cooks is Canada's preeminent war historian, but this is my first attempt at reading on of his books. I'm happy to say, it did not disappoint. Cook paints vivid portraits of Canada during the two World Wars, and the men who led her — Sir Robert Borden during WWI, and William Lyon Mackenzie King during WWII. Cook is not just a skilled and meticulous historian, but a fine writer as well (believe me, these two traits do not always go hand-in-hand in Canadian history). Borden and King were two vastly different men, and Cook gives them their due as leaders of a fractious nation in a time of unparalleled crisis and upheaval. Cook has written three other books about Canada at war — The Sharp End, Shock Troops, and The Madman and the Butcher — and based on Warlords, I'll have to get around to reading them all.
August 15, 2012
'Warlords' is an interesting and worthwhile read. Partly through the first part, I was reminded, in the best way, of Barbara Tuchman’s 'Guns of August', which I have treasured as the gold standard of writing about the history of wars in the last century. 'Warlords' has the same economical, dispassionate style, a style ideally suited to the subject matter of Canada’s Borden and Mackenzie King. In trying to do justice to both of these Prime Ministers, Tim Cook succeeds better with Borden than with King, but that is not a criticism. I believe that it is virtually impossible to be completely objective about King, and Tim Cook’s portrait of the eccentric King is certainly compelling. Overall, this is an excellent addition to any collection about Canada’s history.
March 25, 2013
I don't necessarily agree with the author's evaluation of Canadian wartime Prime Ministers Borden & Mackenzie King...in fact, I could spend hours arguing with him about their value as Canadian war leaders, and (especially with Borden) the terrible domestic legacy bequeathed to the nation, once the guns were silent. That said, I burned through this magnificent, concise, and beautifully researched volume in a single day. It's one of the best works of Canadian history I have read in some time, and each chapter makes for compulsive, evocative reading. Utterly magnificent...in spite of my caveats.
November 18, 2012
Admittedly I didn't finish the book. There's far too many books on my list to waste time on a book which did not hold my interest. His biography on Borden was mere boilerplate history which could've been written by anyone and hence I quit before starting the King section of the book.
I was impressed enough with his Madman and Butcher biographies on Hughes and Currie to read Warlords as long as I did. However, its just not worth it.
I was impressed enough with his Madman and Butcher biographies on Hughes and Currie to read Warlords as long as I did. However, its just not worth it.
July 31, 2018
Glad I read this book. Despite my interest in both Canadian and Military history, I actually knew little about these two men who likely contributed more to the Canada I live in today than any other Prime Minister in history except for Sir John. These book helped fill holes in my knowledge of two PM that tower above the rest of them.
The two men are almost polar opposites but faced similar overwhelming challenges and lead Canada successfully thru the greatest difficulties.
The two men are almost polar opposites but faced similar overwhelming challenges and lead Canada successfully thru the greatest difficulties.
December 14, 2014
Interesting book that presents the two prime ministers who appear on our $50 and $100 bills. Cook tries to give a more nuanced view of Mackenzie King, although I'm still left with the impression that he was a ditherer and not a likeable person, although he did manage to keep the country united during the Second World War.
October 5, 2012
Like all Tim Cook books, intersting, fresh, sympathetic, excellent.
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June 9, 2013Reviewed here.
March 28, 2017
A fascinating double history of two Prime Ministers in WW1 (Borden) and WW2 (Mackenzie King). These political histories give needed home front context to the stories at the front of the war fighters that Cook and Mark Zuehlke detail very well.
Displaying 1 - 22 of 22 reviews