Felsefe Tarihi — Leibniz

by Frederick Charles Copleston, Aziz Yardımlı (Translator)

Insanin guzel olana yonelme ve cirkin olandan uzaklasma, iyi olani isteme ve kotu olandan kacinma, gercek olani dogrulama ve yanlis olani yadsima gibi bir egilimi vardir. Ya da insan bir butun olarak duyu, yurek ve ustur, duyum, duygu ve dusuncedir. Felsefe Usun bilgisidir. Eger bilginin araci olarak, gercekligin araci olarak duyum ya da algi ya da duygu, sezgi, esin vb. ileri suruluyorsa, bu yetilerin dogal olarak dusunmedikleri, sunduklari izlenimlerin, tasarimlarin, duyum ya da duygularin dusunceye dayali pekin ve gercek bilgi ile bir olmadiklari animsanmalidir. Tersine, bu duzlemde belirlenen insan bilincinin ancak kuskuculuk bile pekinlikle dogrular. Gerceklik dusuncenin, usun kendi dogasidir, ne bir ocudur, ne de insan usundan kacan bir ote-yandir. Us kendi dogasinda gercekliktir, dusunme yetisinin ozsel islevi gercekligin kendisidir: Dogal us parcanin butunden buyuk oldugunu, A = B, C = B, oyleyse A = C oldugunu, bir tegetin bir egriyi tek bir noktada kestigini, her etkinin bir

112 pages, Paperback

Published January 1, 2013

About the author

Frederick (Freddie) Charles Copleston was raised an Anglican and educated at Marlborough College from 1920 to 1925. Shortly after his eighteenth birthday he converted to Catholicism, and his father subsequently almost disowned him. After the initial shock, however, his father saw fit to help Copleston through his education and he attended St. John’s in Oxford in 1925, only managing a disappointing third in classical moderations. He redeemed himself somewhat with a good second at Greats in 1929.

In 1930 Copleston became a Jesuit, and, after two years at the Jesuit novitiate in Roehampton, he moved to Heythrop. He was ordained a Jesuit priest at Heythrop College in 1937 and soon after went to Germany (1938) to complete his training. Fortunately he made it back to Britain before the outbreak of war in 1939. The war made it impossible for him to study for his doctorate, as once intended, at the Gregorian University in Rome, and instead Copleston was invited to return to Heythrop to teach the history of philosophy to the few remaining Jesuits there.

While in Heythrop Copleston had time and interest to begin the work he is most famous for, his "A History of Philosophy" - a textbook that originally set out to deliver a clear account of ancient, medieval and modern philosophy in three volumes, which was instead completed in nine volumes (1975). To this day Copleston’s history remains a monumental achievement and stays true to the authors it discusses, being very much a work in exposition.

Copleston adopted a number of honorary roles throughout the remainder of his career. He was appointed Visiting Professor at Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome, spending half of each year lecturing there from 1952 to 1968. He was made Fellow of the British Academy (FBA) in 1970, given a personal professorship from his own university (Heythrop, now re-established in the University of London) in 1972 and made an Honorary Fellow of St. John’s College, Oxford, in 1975. He was Visiting Professor at the University of Santa Clara between 1974 and 1982, and he delivered the Gifford Lectures at the University of Aberdeen between 1979 and 1981. His lectures were published under the title Religion and the One, and were largely a metaphysical tract attempting to express themes perennial in his thinking and more personal than in his history. Gerard J. Hughes notes Copleston as remarking "large doses of metaphysics like that certainly don’t boost one’s sales".

He received honorary doctorates from a number of institutions, notably, Santa Clara University, California, University of Uppsala and the University of St. Andrews (D.Litt) in later years. He was selected for membership in the Royal Institute of Philosophy and in the Aristotelian Society, and in 1993 he was made CBE.

Copleston’s personality saw him engage in the many responsibilities bestowed upon him with generous commitment and good humour.