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El oro de Cajamarca

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En este vibrante relato histórico, Domingo de Sora Luce narra cómo, siendo él caballero a las órdenes de Francisco Pizarro en la Conquista del Perú en 1532, apresaron y dieron muerte al último gran Inca Atahualpa para, en realidad, contar mucho más….
Treinta años después, el protagonista es un anciano retirado en un convento al que, a pesar de su intento de aislarse del mundo, su conciencia no le permite desprenderse del recuerdo de su participación en el ocaso de una civilización sumamente fascinante; y aunque ahora ha entendido que entonces él era “tartamudo… también por dentro”, sabe que eso no le exculpa de haber contribuido a aquellas atrocidades llevadas a cabo en nombre de la fe y del nacionalismo; un cóctel explosivo cuya mecha incontrolable fue la codicia por el oro, que poco se aleja de la que ha llevado hoy, casi quinientos años después, al “primer mundo” a otra de sus crisis.
JAKOB WASSERMANN (Fürth, Alemania, 1873 – Altausee, Austria, 1934), de origen judío, en la década de 1920 fue uno de los novelistas más admirados de su país y apreciado particularmente por Thomas Mann, pero, por su condición racial, a partir de 1933 sus libros fueron rechazados. Influido por Dostoyevski y Tolstói, en sus escritos dominan los temas de la salvación por el amor, la justicia y las dificultades existenciales del hombre. Entre sus obras destacan Caspar Hauser (1908), El hombrecillo de los gansos (1915), Ethel Andergast (1931) y su autobiografía Mi camino como alemán y judío (1921). Es autor también de Golowin (Navona, 2015)

114 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1923

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About the author

Jakob Wassermann

348 books43 followers
Jakob Wassermann (1873 – 1934) was a German writer and novelist of Jewish descent.

Born in Fürth, he was the son of a shopkeeper and lost his mother at an early age. He showed literary interest early and published various pieces in small newspapers. Because his father was reluctant to support his literary ambitions, he began a short-lived apprenticeship with a businessman in Vienna after graduation.

He completed his military service in Nuremberg. Afterward, he stayed in southern Germany and in Switzerland. In 1894 he moved to Munich. Here he worked as a secretary and later as a copy editor at the paper Simplicissimus. Around this time he also became acquainted with other writers Rainer Maria Rilke, Hugo von Hofmannsthal, and Thomas Mann.
In 1896 he released his first novel, Melusine. Interestingly, his last name (Wassermann) means "water-man" in German; a "Melusine" (or "Melusina") is a figure of European legends and folklore, a feminine spirit of fresh waters in sacred springs and rivers.
From 1898 he was a theater critic in Vienna. In 1901 he married Julie Speyer, whom he divorced in 1915. Three years later he was married again to Marta Karlweis.

After 1906, he lived alternatively in Vienna or at Altaussee in der Steiermark where he died in 1934 after a severe illness.

In 1926, he was elected to the Prussian Academy of Art. He resigned in 1933, narrowly avoiding an expulsion by the Nazis. In the same year, his books were banned in Germany owing to his Jewish ancestry.

Wassermann's work includes poetry, essays, novels, and short stories. His most important works are considered the novel Der Fall Maurizius (1928) and the autobiography, My Life as German and Jew (Mein Weg als Deutscher und Jude) (1921), in which he discussed the tense relationship between his German and Jewish identities.

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Displaying 1 - 30 of 39 reviews
Profile Image for None Ofyourbusiness Loves Israel.
891 reviews189 followers
November 30, 2025
Pizarro and his crew of professional optimists march into Peru because someone back in Spain told them the continent gleams with treasure. Domingo de Soria Luse, a monk with a guilty conscience and a talent for remembering every mistake he ever saw, tells the story. He and the others climb mountains, stumble across villages that feel abandoned on purpose, and finally reach Cajamarca, a city as empty as their supply bags.

Then Atahualpa arrives, carried like royalty, calm, curious, and far too impressive for the gang of fortune hunters staring at him. The Spaniards greet him with a mix of religion, nerves, and the kind of confidence only a man with a helmet shaped like a soup bowl can feel.

Gold enters the story like a loud guest who crashes the party and drinks everything. Someone draws a red line on a wall to show how high the ransom should reach. Atahualpa, a ruler with more poise than the entire Spanish camp combined, says he can fill it.

Gold pours in from every corner of the empire. Statues melt into bars. Art becomes currency. Faith turns into accounting. The Spaniards behave like kids who discovered sugar for the first time and never learned moderation. Domingo watches all of this with a mixture of fascination and regret, which is his favorite emotional combination.

The tension thickens as the room fills, the gold gleams, and everyone realizes that once treasure enters a story, peace usually leaves. Atahualpa delivers lines that slice through the frenzy, including the unforgettable moment when he looks at a golden ornament and says, "Behold, the golden turtle drinks blood."

History moves toward judgment, consequence, and the cost of greed, and the final events carry the weight of everything that came before.

Wassermann wrote a story that stares directly at greed until greed gets embarrassed. The whole thing feels like a morality play that wandered into a history book and decided to stay for the ambiance. The voice of Domingo de Soria Luse brings a mix of guilt, memory, and poetic self-flagellation.

Gold runs the show. Gold changes alliances. Gold melts nations. No one needs a philosophy degree to understand what Wassermann is saying: people will trade anything for treasure, including their convictions, their dignity, and occasionally their ability to behave like sentient beings.
Greed ages as well as fine wine, meaning it ages and becomes stronger while ruining everyone around it.

My favorite parts come straight from the moments where the book stops pretending to be a chronicle and slips into dark comedy. The march over the Andes, for example, where the men tumble around like exhausted insects and still insist that fortune waits on the other side. Atahualpa carried into Cajamarca with complete serenity while the Spaniards gawk like children who discovered a living myth in their front yard. And the entire gold room sequence, where the Spaniards reveal their souls through their wish lists. Every time Atahualpa comments on the situation with calm intelligence, the whole scene sharpens.

Wassermann grew up in Germany, the son of a struggling Jewish shopkeeper, which already set him up for a lifetime of watching society behave badly and then writing about it with painful clarity. He carried that outsider status everywhere. It shaped his ambition, his irritation, and his sense that the world forever owed him an apology it would never deliver.

He worked his way into the literary world through sheer stubbornness, scribbling stories while holding down unglamorous jobs, then eventually joining the Munich circle around Simplicissimus.

Fame arrived, late and uneven, through novels such as Caspar Hauser and The Maurizius Case.. The man adored big ethical dilemmas. He attacked them with the energy of someone convinced that justice squeaks unless you write about it loudly enough.

Wassermann never set foot in Peru. Geography bored him; human folly did not. He turned to the Atahualpa story because it delivered his favorite ingredients on a silver platter: guilt, ambition, spiritual hypocrisy, and the kind of historical catastrophe that forces every character to reveal their truest, ugliest motivations. He treated the conquest of the Incas as a stage on which to perform his recurring obsession: how people behave when treasure and righteousness show up at the same party.

He read chronicles, eyewitness accounts, and travel histories, trying to audit a centuries-old moral debt. The distance actually helped him. He was free to shape the material into a psychological drama instead of a travel diary. He did not need Peruvian soil under his boots to understand the machinery of greed; he only needed humanity, which he studied more closely than any landscape.

Wassermann recognized a universal disaster when he saw one, even from afar. Conquest, greed, broken faith, spiritual theater, and gold glinting like judgment, these were his lifelong themes. Peru simply offered him a perfect laboratory for testing them.

Empire is a comedy until it turns into a tragedy, and no one laughs harder than the author who understands both.

"...אני עמדתי באמצע הכיכר ומיקדתי את מבטי באינקה. נראה היה שאין הוא מבין לאשורו את מה שמתחולל לנגד עיניו. בעודו מתאמץ להרהר בכך, התקרב אליו פֵליפִּיוֹ ואמר לו כמה מילים בקול שקט ובמחוות גוף חנפנית וכנועה. כפי שנודע לי אחר כך מאֶרנַנדוֹ דֶה סוֹטוֹ, ששמע זאת מפי אָטָוואלפָּה עצמו, אמר לו פֵליפִּיוֹ כך: ״הם רוצים זהב. הם נאנקים וצועקים בתאוותם לזהב, הם קורעים זה את בשרו של זה בגלל זהב. שאל אותם מה מחיר החירות שלך, ותוכל לקנות אותה בזהב. אין דבר בעולם שלא ייתנו לך תמורת זהב, את נשותיהם, את ילדיהם, את נשמתם ואפילו את נשמת חבריהם.״

באותה שעה רק שיערתי את פשר המילים הנכונות והנוראות. מה שזעזע אותי עד עמקי נשמתי, היה מבע האימה והתהייה בפניו של אָטָוואלפָּה. אין ספק שמאותו רגע ואילך חשב אך ורק על הדבר האחד הזה, משום שלא יכול היה להאמין שאפשר לזכות בדבר חשוב כל כך כמו חירות במחיר דבר חסר ערך כמו זהב, ושבכלל אפשר לרכוש משהו תמורתו. להיות בעל קניין: בעיניו זה היה מושג שונה בתכלית מאשר בעינינו. הרעיון שאפשר לקנות משהו בתמורה לזהב הדהים והטריד אותו מן הסתם עד עמקי נפשו. באותה שעה, למראה חברי השיכורים מזהב מצד אחד, ודמותו השותקת וארשת התדהמה של האינקה מצד שני, התחוור לי לראשונה כמה זרים אנחנו בעיניו, בלתי מובנים ומעוררי פלצות בזרותנו, לא כמו אנשים מעולם בלתי מוכר, כי אם כמו בריות שאת טבען אין להבין ואין לדעת…"
Profile Image for Siv30.
2,790 reviews193 followers
March 29, 2017
הדירוג המדויק 3.5 כוכבים.

קחמרקה היא " עיר הקרח " של בני האינקה.

בשנת 1532 הסתיימה מלחמה עקובה מדם אותה הכריע אַטַאוואַלפָּה שהפך למלך בני האינקה. הוא הוציא להורג את בני משפחתו של אחיו וואסקאר שהיה היורש החוקי.

באותה שנה הגיעו 200 שכירי חרב ספרדים בהנהגתו של פיסרו לקחמרקה. הם פיתו את אַטַאוואַלפָּה לבוא לבקרם וזה בשיא גאוותנותו וטיפשותו הלך עם פמליה של 6,000 איש. הוא היה כל כך שחצן שלא האמין שהספרדים יעוללו לו משהו או לבני פמלייתו והספרדים שהיו אכזריים ותאבי בצע, שחטו את כל הפמליה. אַטַאוואַלפָּה בניסיון להציל את עורו, הבטיח לפיסרו זהב מלוא החדר, אולם גם לאחר שעמד בהטחתו הוציאו אותו הספרדים להורג.

הספר "הזהב של קחמרקה" הוא עיבוד חופשי ביותר (בחלקו לא מתאים לעובדות ההיסטוריות ובחלקו כן) של אירועי נפילת אימפריית האינקה, שבי מלכם והוצאתו להורג. הספר הוא תיאור די אידילי של החיים בקרב האינקה והוא נעדר תיאור המלחמה הרצחנית בין האחים כל זאת למול ביקורת נוקבת על תאוות הבצע של הספרדים שהזהב עיוור אותם. הוא גם ביקורת מרומזת על תמימותם של בני האינקה, שלצערנו נכחדו.

זה לא הספר הטוב ביותר בהוצאת תשע נשמות יחד עם זאת הוא קצר וראוי לקריאה.
Profile Image for George K..
2,762 reviews374 followers
March 9, 2018
Βαθμολογία: 7/10

Μικρή και αρκετά ευκολοδιάβαστη νουβέλα που ασχολείται με την τραγική ιστορία της κατάκτησης των Ίνκας από τον στρατό του Φρανσίσκο Πισάρο. Δεν υπάρχουν και πολλές περιγραφές από μάχες, αιματοχυσίες και τα τοιαύτα, μιας και ο συγγραφέας ασχολήθηκε περισσότερο με το φιλοσοφικό κομμάτι της υπόθεσης, με τις διαφορές στον τρόπο σκέψης και αντιμετώπισης της ζωής ανάμεσα στους Ίνκας και τους "πολιτισμένους" Ισπανούς, τις διαφορετικές αξίες των δυο πλευρών, και πάει λέγοντας. Σίγουρα τίποτα το τρομερά ιδιαίτερο ή το πρωτότυπο από άποψη ιστορίας ή γραφής, όμως σαν νουβέλα περνάει κάποια μηνύματα.
Profile Image for AdiTurbo.
839 reviews100 followers
May 7, 2017
This philosophical novella hides under a cover of historical fiction. It tells the tragic story of the conquest of the Incas by Pizarro and his Spanish forces in the 16th century. The Incas' society was built on a completely different set of values than that of the Spaniards. Theirs is a culture of sharing and caring for everyone, mutual support and help, making sure no one is left behind. The whole idea of gold or things in general having more value than human life is alien to them, which is why Atahualpa, their ruler, does not have the capacity to deal with the Spaniards and their actions on his land. He does not have the mental concepts that would let him fight back in any way. He is a complete innocent, who is now facing what he sees as the deepest evil possible on this earth. The Spaniard soldier who is telling us the story is not immune to this fact, and as things develop he starts questioning his own culture, religion and values. As short as this book may be, it is unforgettable and will make you contemplate on our own society for hours.
Profile Image for Susana Terciado.
150 reviews16 followers
February 18, 2019
En este relato, un anciano Domingo de Sora, nos cuenta 30 años después como estando a las órdenes de Francisco Pizarro apresaron y ejecutaron al gran Inca Atahualpa durante la conquista de Perú en 1532. Todo un examen de conciencia de las atrocidades que se cometieron por la codicia de oro.

Me ha parecido un libro precioso, con una prosa exquisita y de lectura ágil y amena.
Totalmente recomendable.
Profile Image for Elizabeth.
141 reviews7 followers
August 2, 2015
Lo que el hombre es y de lo que se pierde de poder llegar a ser. La codicia por el oro, novela detallada por un judio Alemán, sus libros fueron quemados en la época Nazi para posteriormente ser marginado editorialmente; la muerte del último Inca de manos de los conquistadores. Una manera diferente de ver la historia.
Tiene que ser el oro, el oro os concede el valor de tocarlo todo y de apropiaros de todo. Y cuando lo obtenéis, destrozais la escencia de las cosas.
Profile Image for Gal.
463 reviews
January 27, 2023
כישוף דרום אמריקאי.
Profile Image for Dan Richter.
Author 13 books48 followers
November 23, 2015
"Erzählung von dem Massaker der Spanier an den Inkas. Der Häuptling nach romantischer Art als würdevoller Edler dargestellt, der die Gier der Spanier nach Gold nicht fassen kann. Das Gemetzel ist grausam, die Spanier kriegen zu Recht ihr Fett weg. Aber die Erhöhung des Inka-Häuptlings und des Volkes drückt sich vor dem Kern des Problems: Macht und Gier.
Wahrscheinlich fielen die Spanier wirklich barbarisch ins Land und die Loyalität der Soldaten gegen Pizarro ließ zu wünschen übrig. Aber in Wahrheit hatte Atahuallpa mit ähnlichen Problemen zu kämpfen: Der Bruderkampf hatte zu einer Art Bürgerkrieg ausgeweitet. Und das Gold wird auch bei den Inka mehr wert gewesen sein als schnöder Sandstein, wenn es gerade der König zu seiner Zierde benutzen durfte."
Profile Image for Daphna.
244 reviews46 followers
October 8, 2023
This short beautifully written novella pits the narrator against a culture different than his in every possible respect. This encounter will deeply impact him and change the course of his life.

The narrator is a soldier in Pizarro's army during the conquest of Peru in the 16th Century as the Spaniards come face to face, for the first time, with the native Incas and their ruler, Atahualpa. The Emperor is ambushed and held in captivity by the conquistadores, and the narrator is one of his guards. His story is written thirteen years after the events, in a monastery in the city of Lima to which he has retired in order to turn his back on this world.

At first, the narrator, as are all his fellow soldiers, is interested in one and only one thing: the gold of the Incas. They are portrayed as a pack of ravenous and cruel wolves after the only thing that will satisfy their hunger: gold. For the Incas gold has no meaning other than a means to create beautiful artifacts.

The narrator however, gradually begins to feel an affinity with the Emperor and he is able to see himself, and his culture, through the eyes of Atahualpa; and it is a sorry picture that he sees. In his encounter with the Inca Emperor something in his own soul moves in response to Atahualpa's quiet resignation to the end of his life and his empire. The Emperor understands that he and his people do not have the ability to battle this evil that has come upon them, and that there is no point in attempting to resist it.

The novella beautifully describes the evolution of a man touched by the soul of another. This greedy, abject soldier encounters an innocence and what to him is a mystery, and he is deeply moved. A nascent spirituality penetrates his cognition and his heart and he can never go back to being the man he was; he can only go forward.
Profile Image for Tuhkatriin.
624 reviews23 followers
October 21, 2020
Täitsa hästi loetav jutustus, ehkki autor on mulle tundmatu.
Pigem pessimistlik ja isegi õõvastav vaade lääne vallutajate silmakirjalikkusele, varanduseihale ja moraalitusele, mis lubas neil südametunnistuspiinadeta laastada ja röövida vaimses mõttes oluliselt arenenum kultuur.
Jutustus haaras kaasa ja tekitas emotsioone, mõned stseenid olid väga ilmekad, andmaks edasi autori visiooni mõõtmatust nürimeelsest marodöörlikust kuritegelikkusest, mis varjas end usu ja tsivilisatsiooni maski taha, olles paraku vaid üks episood mastaapses hävitustöös.
1 review
November 18, 2021
Ich habe das Buch für die Schule gelesen und war positiv überrascht. Es ist wirklich die Zeit wert. Das Buch fordert den Leser über die Werte der Gesellschaft und der Menschheit zu überlegen und kritisieren. Es zeigt auch wie wir Menschen allem einen Wert geben und wie gewisse Sachen anderen weniger oder mehr Wert ist.

he leido el libro para la escuela y fue positivament sorprendando :)

J'ai lu le livre pour l'école et j'ai été positivement surprise. ça en valait le temps. Le livre demande au lecteur de se questionner sur la valeur de la societé et de l'humanité et de la critiquer.
Profile Image for Liedzeit Liedzeit.
Author 1 book112 followers
September 26, 2017
Ich-Erzähler erinnert sich an die Gefangenschaft Vollstreckung des Todesurteils an Inka-Herrschers Atahuallpa während eines Feldzugs unter General Francesco Pizarro. Am Schluss lernt der Inkamann die Macht der Schrift, weil alle Offiziere das Wort Crux lesen können, bis auf Pizarro. Die Anklage erfolgt auf Grund der dubiosen Aussage eines gekränkten, getauften Dolmetscher-Inkas. Hauptsächlioch geht es wohl darum wie gierig nach Gold die Eindringlinge sind.
Profile Image for Sofia Silverchild.
321 reviews30 followers
March 19, 2019
Εξαιρετικό βιβλίο. Το διήγημα του Βάσερμαν μ' έκανε να νιώσω περήφανη που η Ελλάδα δεν έχει αποικιοκρατική ιστορία. Ακόμα πιο ενδιαφέρουσα, όμως, είναι η μελέτη του μεταφραστή, Βασίλη Παλιγγίνη, που εξηγεί από πολλές πλευρές την κουλτούρα Εβραίων και χριστιανών κι ερμηνεύει μ' ένα νέο τρόπο, θρησκευτικό (!), τον μαρξισμό.

A great short story on the colonisation of South America. The essay of the translator, V. Paliginis, though, is even better.
388 reviews
September 13, 2018
Es sind ein paar schöne Zitate und Gedankenanstöße dabei, sie gleichen die Grausamkeiten der Eroberung der Inkas aber nicht aus. Zeitweise war es sehr langweilig und schwer zu lesen, aber der historische Hintergrund macht es dann wieder spannend.
Profile Image for albie.
36 reviews
September 27, 2024
une fiction qui pourrait se prêter au réel,
ce que l'homme a de plus pur et ce qu'il a de plus convoiteur,
une belle image de ce que l'avidité peut faire, à quel point la société telle qu'elle est peut détruire toute forme de traditions et pensées différentes
Profile Image for lilly.
26 reviews2 followers
November 24, 2024
"Das Gold verwandelt eure Seele, das Gold ist euer Gott, euer Erlöser, wie ihr es nennt, und wer ein Stück davon besitzt, der ist gefeit, der meint die Sonne zu besitzen, weil er eine andere Sonne nicht kennt."
Profile Image for Juli Paredes.
5 reviews
November 11, 2025
Es un libro q da bronca al leerlo. No solo narra desde una perspectiva eurocentrica (desde el personaje), si no que probablemente el libro fue escrito así. No hablan más del oro porque se lo afanaron los españoles
Profile Image for Ron.
119 reviews6 followers
January 1, 2020
Short, lovely, makes you think.
Profile Image for Paky.
1,037 reviews12 followers
November 18, 2022
Una muy breve novela histórica, que recrea perfectamente un pasaje concreto de la historia de la conquista del nuevo mundo. Merece la pena dedicar una tarde a esta lectura y pensar un rato después.
Profile Image for Sophie.
191 reviews2 followers
December 30, 2024
we read this in tenth grade, nobody told us, that the other was a German author, one of the most read in 1933, who died from despair, when he was cancelled immediately due to his jewish heritage. In the book we follow a spanish priest into latin america and witness with him the cruelty of the spanish colonizers
Profile Image for Daniel Osores.
174 reviews
February 1, 2023
Novela corta sobre los momentos álgidos de la conquista del Tahuantinsuyo. El autor tuvo mucha influencia del libro Historia de la Conquista del Perú escrito por William Prescott a mediados del siglo XIX.
Profile Image for Jan Dirk.
109 reviews
February 6, 2024
Ich begriff, daß ihm kein noch so schrecklicher Traum die Ahnung davon vermittelt hatte, daß solche Wesen auf der Erde existierten, wie wir es waren. Und als er es erfuhr [...], senkte sich die unermeßliche Melancholie über ihn.

Kenntnisreich und nachvollziehbar desillusionierend schildert der Erzähler die Unterwerfung des Inka-Reiches durch die Konquistadoren. Zum Ende hin allerdings etwas zu ausufernd.
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