Jump to ratings and reviews
Rate this book

After Yorktown: The Final Struggle for American Independence

Rate this book
After the Humiliating Defeat at Yorktown in 1781, George III Vowed to Keep Fighting the Rebels and Their Allies Around the World, Holding a New Nation in the Balance

Although most people think the American Revolution ended with the British surrender at Yorktown, Virginia, on October 19, 1781, it did not. The war spread around the world, and exhausted men kept fighting—from the Arctic to Arkansas, from India and Ceylon to Schenectady and South America—while others labored to achieve a final diplomatic resolution.

After Cornwallis’s unexpected loss, George III vowed revenge, while Washington planned his next campaign. Spain, which France had lured into the war, insisted there would be no peace without seizing British-held Gibraltar. Yet the war had spun out of control long before Yorktown. Native Americans and Loyalists continued joint operations against land-hungry rebel settlers from New York to the Mississippi Valley. African American slaves sought freedom with the British. Soon, Britain seized the initiative again with a decisive naval victory in the Caribbean against the Comte de Grasse, the French hero of Yorktown.

In After Yorktown: The Final Struggle for American Independence, Don Glickstein tells the engrossing story of this uncertain and violent time, from the remarkable American and French success in Virginia to the conclusion of the fighting—in India—and then to the last British soldiers leaving America more than two years after Yorktown. Readers will learn about the people—their humor, frustration, fatigue, incredulity, worries; their shock at the savage terrorism each side inflicted; and their surprise at unexpected grace and generosity. Based on an extraordinary range of primary sources, the story encompasses a fascinating cast of characters: a French captain who destroyed a British trading post, but left supplies for Indians to help them through a harsh winter, an American Loyalist releasing a captured Spanish woman in hopes that his act of kindness will result in a prisoner exchange, a Native American leader caught “between two hells” of a fickle ally and a greedy enemy, and the only general to surrender to both George Washington and Napoleon Bonaparte. Finally, the author asks the question we face today: How do you end a war that doesn’t want to end?

432 pages, Hardcover

First published November 6, 2015

20 people are currently reading
149 people want to read

About the author

Don Glickstein

1 book1 follower
I was raised with the Revolution around me.

I was born in Schenectady, NY—the frontier during the Revolution. In school, we took field trips to places like the Saratoga battlefield and Fort Johnson. I watched "Johnny Tremain" and read Last of the Mohicans. We spent summers in Boston. My mom would drop me off on the Freedom Trail, where I'd wander the Old Granary Burying Ground and ponder the site of the Boston Massacre.

When I went to the University of Massachusetts, there was revolution in the air: I lived in an experimental college, Project 10, and got my degree from the upstart School of Education, making up my own course of study, attending pass/no-credit classes, and getting one one-hundredth of a credit for every 10-minute learning experience. I even took a class with Susan from Sesame Street. It's hard to explain today what was happening then, but, as my dean, Dwight W. Allen, said, "A little change hurts a lot; a lot of change doesn't hurt that much more." In 1973, I was one of the two student commencement speakers.

I spent a decade as a journalist in Delaware, Massachusetts, New York, and Washington state, winning awards for consumer and investigative reporting. Later, I was campaign press secretary for the late Governor Booth Gardner, then public information officer for the Northwest's pre-eminent healthcare system. Now, I've written a book about the months after the British surrendered at Yorktown in 1781.

I live in the state named after a Revolutionary-era land speculator and general you might have heard of—Washington. From my office in Seattle, I see the Space Needle, Lake Union, and the Olympic Mountains. I root for the Mariners.

Ratings & Reviews

What do you think?
Rate this book

Friends & Following

Create a free account to discover what your friends think of this book!

Community Reviews

5 stars
20 (28%)
4 stars
22 (30%)
3 stars
20 (28%)
2 stars
7 (9%)
1 star
2 (2%)
Displaying 1 - 18 of 18 reviews
Profile Image for Jerome Otte.
1,915 reviews
February 26, 2018
A broad, comprehensive and well-researched history of how the war continued after Yorktown until the peace was finally signed.

The narrative is well-paced and easy to read. Glickstein describes the intense fighting in the South (mostly between militias), the expanding role of Indian warriors, and the retreat of British troops to the coast. He also covers the global aspects of the war as Britain struggled against the French, Spanish and Dutch in the Caribbean, the Mediterranean, and the high seas; and he delves into the actions of figures like Horatio Nelson.

Glickstein often refers to the Americans as “Whigs” rather than “patriots,” which might help American readers shed some of their biases, even if it can sound weird at times. It does serve to make the narrative clearer and underscores how the war was both a revolution and a civil war. He also attacks some myths, such as the prowess of Francis Marion and the savagery of Indian warriors toward women and children.

Still, there is nothing on Vermont and some more coverage of the Dutch would have helped. Also, Glickstein never really sums up the significance of the these last two years of the war, or gets much into the geopolitics. The minutiae can get a bit tiring at times.

Still, a well-written, readable and fast-paced work
Profile Image for David Eppenstein.
789 reviews197 followers
October 19, 2023
First let me state that my 3 star rating in no way should be construed that I was in anyway disappointed in this book; I was not. For me 3 stars indicates that the book was what I expected and maybe a little more but that is all. The title, After Yorktown, would seem to indicate that this book is about that strange period following October 19, 1781 and 1783 when the treaty ending the Revolutionary War was finally signed. By coincidence today is October 19 and the anniversary of the British surrender at Yorktown. Sadly, it is the belief of the vast majority of Americans that Yorktown ended the Revolution and that is simply not true. What is even sadder is that American students are rarely, if ever, taught anything different and that 2 year period has always been a curiosity for me and this book helped satisfy that curiosity.

Back to the title. The book does cover that 2 year period but it does a great deal more than simply treat what was going on in the colonies. In fact this is probably the most comprehensive treatment of post-Yorktown events both in America as well as around the globe that I have ever discovered. Americans might have only been concerned about what was happening here but England and France had a lot of irons in the fire at the time and America was only one of them. It might be argued that this author went a bit too far in his treatment but he does make clear that our Revolution had international significance. The thirteen colonies were a vanity the English finally decided weren't worth the trouble especially when measured against their far more lucrative interests in the Caribbean, Mediterranean, India and ocean going commerce in general.

The author does an exemplary job of detailing the chaos and anarchy that was prevalent in the colonies after Yorktown. While the major combatants, England and the Continentals, had ceased all aggressive military actions that didn't stop the militias or the informal partisan gangs from maintaining a steady series of skirmishes in all theaters of operation and many of these actions were extremely violent and vengeful. Washington and Clinton and later Carleton did what they could to curb the violence but failed for the most part. All of this is covered in unbelievable detail primarily in the South and along the Western frontier areas where Indian lands were encroached upon and the Indians were supported and supplied by the British. Once the author finishes covering the colonies he moves to the interests of the two European countries involved in the Revolution. In this portion of the book you get a sense of what was really in play for England and France and how our Revolution was used to further or inhibit the ambitions of these two ancestral enemies. This was a very good book that any reader with an interest in our history will find enlightening. Enjoy.
Profile Image for Michael Nachman.
5 reviews2 followers
January 22, 2016
I am 64 years old, and a lifelong reader of history. After reading so many works on the American Revolution, I expect to come away with a nugget or two of new information when I read a new book on it. With Mr. Glickstein's new book, I came away with new nuggets by the bucket full. He really shines a light on a period that I have not seen fully explored before, and has done it in masterful fashion. It is very well written, extremely well researched, and such a joy to read. The fly leaf says this is his first book. I sincerely hope he is hard at work on another. I highly recommend this book.
Profile Image for Mike.
800 reviews26 followers
July 24, 2018
I have mixed feelings about this book. The information that was provided included much detail on little known battles that occurred after the major part of the war was over. I found the information on Indian fighting on the frontier, the fighting in the Caribbean, and the attack on the arctic outpost of the Hudson Bay Company to be particularly interesting.

The biographical information on the participants was interesting but not consistent. Some of it seemed to have a pro-Loyalist bent, other parts were more even-handed. I found the used of the word Whig to describe Americans fighting against the crown to be obscure and annoying. Usually the word Whig is used in American history books to describe an American political party in the early 1800s that died out by the Civil War. My guess is Mr. Glickstein's background is very British.

Overall, I liked the book. I would recommend it to others who are well read on the basics of the American Revolution. Despite the drawbacks that I perceived I would read other books by this author.
Profile Image for alphonse p guardino.
41 reviews1 follower
September 21, 2016
I picked this up from the Live-bray service. I had just finished reading "Revolution on the Hudson" by George Daughan. That book gave a very brief account of what passed between Yorktown and the final peace treaty. Thought this book was going to be a more detailed work on the negotiations and maneuverings that occurred after Cornwallis' surrender.

Instead, it is a richly detailed account of the happenings in all the theaters of a war that was far more global in scope than just Britain's colonies in North America! Don Glickstein introduces the reader to so many participants from all sides who are forgotten by most histories.

If I am to fault the book in any way, it would be the lack of information about the negotiations and political maneuvers between Yorktown and the Paris treaty. One of the reviews I saw mentioned a lack of maps. I found that a minor issue, especially in reading a Kindle version. If I did not recognize a place name I simply found it using online maps.
Profile Image for Colby.
61 reviews5 followers
July 5, 2021
A good account in the narrative history style of a period during the American Revolution. I am a member of the Sons of the American Revolution and am reasonably well-read on the subject. However, I had little knowledge of the events following the British surrender at Yorktown until I read Don Glickstein’s account. Although somewhat tedious at times, this is one of the best histories of the subject and I highly recommend it. I am happy to have found it on the shelves of the Valley Forge gift shop and museum. I am also happy that Glickstein makes mention of my patriot ancestor, Joseph Martin, on page 187.
73 reviews
August 15, 2017
I really enjoyed this book and found it taught me a great deal about the period that I did not know. The writing was excellent but I thought the order was a little confusing at times. Not enough to detract from my pleasure. I would have like to have some maps. Maps would have aided in following the story and geography plays a key role many times. Definitely recommend!
Profile Image for Brendan (History Nerds United).
800 reviews688 followers
November 6, 2022
History is not free of bias. A historian can pick and choose actual facts and paint their masterpiece by implicitly making their own case and ignoring the other side. A good historian tries to minimize this and present both sides of an argument to truly show a full picture of a point in time.

Don Glickstein is the former, not the latter. I can’t say I wasn’t warned. This book looks, at first, like a fantastic find for an American Revolution nerd like me. Looking at what happened after Yorktown and the other battles around the world tied to the revolution.

Instead, Glickstein’s introduction immediately put me on edge. He starts by talking about the “quagmires” of Vietnam and Afghanistan. This is not necessarily a problem in and of itself. We should look to lessons from the past. Glickstein then makes the curious decision to say “patriots” and “traitors” applied to both sides, so he settled on “rebels” and “Loyalists.” I submit in all of my reading on the subject, if you use “Loyalist” then the opposite is “Patriot.” This is not a judgment call of mine. In those times, “Loyalist” was a negative epithet used by patriots. “Patriot” was a negative epithet used by the British (Source: The Oxford English Dictionary. Yeah.)

It doesn’t end there. Glickstein clearly focuses on Patriot shortcomings while glossing over the very same actions on the other side. To be clear, the Patriots committed some horrible actions during the war, and they should not be glossed over. Read Thomas B. Allen’s fantastic Tories to get a much better narrative on that.

One line made me question who this book was for. On page 134, “as in Vietnam and Afghanistan generations later, whites often couldn’t or didn’t distinguish between native friend and native foe.” This line is a gross generalization which shows a complete misunderstanding of the title of his own book and especially war. I need a drink.
Profile Image for Bill Hall.
14 reviews1 follower
January 3, 2021
An exceptionally thoroughly researched book. If you thought the fighting was over after the British surrender in Virginia, After Yorktown would change your view of the Revolutionary War. You would also discover the fighting extended to the Caribbean, the Atlantic, India, and elsewhere. And learn how much the Revolutionary War was a truly a civil war before the Civil War. The British knew after Yorktown that it was basically over for them, but they continued to make things as miserable and uncertain for the Americans as they could - and tried to hang on to as much of the diminished real estate they actually controlled for as long as possible. Meanwhile, Washington and his generals believed the British would try to retain or even increase territory as a means to influence imminent peace negotiations - or even bide their time until the opportunity presented itself for fresh seaborne and land assaults against the Americans. Finally, if you remember grade-school lessons about this American "fight for freedom," you would finish the book with a sad realization of the continued, even accelerated genocide of the North American native population and the desperate flight of tens of thousands of enslaved Blacks to the British lines in the hope of finding their freedom. My criticism of the book was the great detail the author provided on the many military engagements after Yorktown with comparatively less effort to examine how this continued contest affected the new republic and shaped its future.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
Profile Image for Matthew Sedlak.
33 reviews1 follower
April 23, 2018
Well, I got a few problems with this one. First, the content belies the title in two ways. Title led me to believe that this would cover what happened after the battle of Yorktown, when indeed, the content of the book continually delves into the battles before Yorktown and blurs the lines. Next, for some reason, I had the impression this would simply continue with a description of the chronological events "After Yorktown" - color me silly!
Second problem was that I did not deal well with the non chronological, but instead biographical, layout of the book. It seemed each chapter was about one or a few characters in or related to the revolution, covering their time in the revolution, which sometimes was the whole revolution! Thus, you could have multiple chapters each covering the chronological events of the revolution, in brief to be sure, from that characters perspective. Piecing together any kind of chronological thread was too much for me, and, of course, what I was hoping for.
Third problem was that there was just not enough detail describing the tactics, strategies, etc. of each of the commanding officers or for that matter of each side: Whigs (which they weren't), and Torries (which some were and some weren't).
1 review
Currently reading
April 15, 2021
Author makes it seem as if Cuddalore was necessary for American Independence lol! Such total bullshit! We did not need the Cuddalore battle to achieve American Independence Sir! Everything I've studied so far about this particular battle was that it was Unplanned, Unnecessary, A DRAW, Neither side (France, Britain) fought a decisive outcome, and no serious damage was done to ships on either side! One has to ask Mr. Glickstein; WHAT KIND OF A BLOODY BATTLE WAS THIS? LOL! Yet, it's "considered" a French victory? Not so! Don't believe everything you see or read or hear! It was a bloody DRAW! If, if the French did in fact win, they won by sheer luck and nothing more! America DID NOT need Cuddalore to win victory! And no American forces were involved in India or Gibraltar! This book is a sham and a fraud! I encourage all Americans to simply disregard it as unimportant!
704 reviews7 followers
April 6, 2025
This book is mistitled. The first several chapters are indeed about the skirmishes and bitter guerilla war in the southern states after Yorktown, but then it moves on to other theaters of the Revolution - the frontiers, the Caribbean, Gibraltar, India - both before and after Yorktown.

The dust jacket advertises the book as asking how you end an endless war. That's a book I'd like to read - but that isn't this book! Presumably that book would talk more about the commanders and the political leadership; this book instead is talking more about the bitter fighting on the ground.

And it was bitter. That's the dominant message I got from the first half - that the long years of war had stirred up such enmity that would not rest. Even the Revolution, with such a noble cause, had brought people there.
Profile Image for Urstoff.
58 reviews10 followers
August 16, 2023
Your mileage may vary with this book. On one hand, it's quite an achievement: an exhaustively researched (mostly through primary sources or early secondary sources) account of almost every military action that took place after the Battle of Yorktown, stressing the truly global aspect of the war. On the other hand, it often reads like just one thing after another, and the ultimate effect of all that fighting seems to be small: mostly it's peripheral theaters that kept fighting simply because peace negotiations took months and months, and then more months for word of the peace treaty to reach the commanders in the field. The ultimate impression is the senselessness and futility of fighting; people dying, lives destroyed because diplomacy and communication in the 18th century took so long.

In the end, there's no coherent narrative, probably because none existed after Yorktown. This is not the author's fault, but the sense of "one thing after another" is exacerbated by giving every single commander in the engagements a mini-biography; it ends up being just so much stuff that there is no reason for the reader to keep track of all of the personalities (although you do get the impression that is was more common than not for an 18th century aristocrat to have crushing gambling debts). Again, it's not clear there's anything that the author could have done to make this topic (military engagements after Yorktown) coherent or engaging; a book to applaud, but hard to enjoy.
361 reviews4 followers
April 7, 2021
After the great victory at Yorktown, Washington wrote: "that the king will push the war as long as [his] nation will find men or money admits not of a doubt in my mind." As usual, Washington's instincts were correct. This book is a compendium of the events and protagonists of the battles, skirmishes, lynchings and mob violence that inundated the states (particularly in the South) even after Cornwallis surrendered his sword. But, lest we forget, by 1781, Great Britain was engaged in a world war against France, Spain and Holland and this book provides lively vignettes of many of the principal engagements that took place far beyond American shores, in Europe, the Caribbean and as far away as India. This book is a notable reminder that, in the late 18th century, the American Revolution was just one act in a brutal play that had much of the world as its stage.
Profile Image for Tom.
458 reviews16 followers
January 15, 2016
While I have never before noticed Glickstein's work, I shall from now one. His AFTER YORKTOWN is easily readable, neatly researched and includes learned and thoughtful analysis - it is really an impressive piece of scholarship. Whether you are a senior scholar in the field of Revolutionary America or a novice one on American/British naval history, Glickstein is as good a story teller as he is a researcher. Insightful. Useful. Not light reading, but not dry or intimidating either. A fine, fine piece of work!
Profile Image for Don Glickstein.
Author 1 book1 follower
December 17, 2015
I'm the author—full disclosure here—and I tried to bring a different perspective to the sometimes-jingoistic accounts of the Revolution. The voices you'll hear are those not only of the American rebels, but also the American loyalists, African-Americans, Native-Americans, the British themselves, and our French, Dutch, and Spanish allies. Hope you enjoy it. To read excerpts or see other reviews, go to my website donglickstein.com
Profile Image for David S Dalrymple.
9 reviews3 followers
December 17, 2016
great read!

Great balancing read of events at the end of AWI. I would have liked alittle more about about the blight of loyalists but that's for other books I suppose. I highly recommend this book!
Profile Image for William Warner.
4 reviews1 follower
March 15, 2016
Excellent history of the end of the American revolution around the world.
Displaying 1 - 18 of 18 reviews

Can't find what you're looking for?

Get help and learn more about the design.