1000 Nudes: A History of Erotic Photography from 1839-1939

by Michael Koetzle

TASCHEN's 25th anniversary - Special edition! ""Fascinating for what it tells us about the history of body images and social codes."" -The Independent, London

Genres: Photography, Art, Erotica, Nonfiction, History, Sexuality, Reference

576 pages, Paperback

First published February 1, 1995

Reviews

[Maede · Rating 3 out of 5]

در این کتاب مجموعه‌‌ای از هزار عکس برهنه که بازه‌ی زمانی سال ۱۸۳۹ تا ۱۹۳۹ گرفته شدند جمع‌آوری شده. کتاب سه زبانه هست ( انگلیسی، آلمانی و فرانسوی) و به بخش‌های مختلفی مثل هنری، اروتیک، پورنو و نودیست تقسیم شده. کتاب با یک‌ تاریخچه‌ی کوتاه از عکاسی برهنه شروع میشه و قبل از هر بخش یک صفحه توضیح داره

یک. نگاه به مرگ
می‌دونم که نوشتن چنین چیزی راجع به کتابی که پر از عکس‌های بدن‌های زیبای برهنه‌ست عجیبه. اما وقتی به تصویر زنان و مردان ویکتوریایی با لباس‌هاشون نگاه می‌کنی، انگار مثل تو نیستند و حقیقت مرگشون مثل مرگ کاراکترهای فیلم‌ها می‌مونه. غیرواقعی. اما بدون لباس، همشون مثل تو هستن. با بدن‌های آسیب‌پذیر و میرا. تصور اینکه همه‌ی این آدم‌ها سال‌هاست که مردن و بدن‌هاشون از بین رفته برام عجیب بود

دو. تغییر استاندارد زیبایی
با نگاه به این تصاویر که قرن فاصله‌ی زمانی دارند، میشه کاملاً تغییر اینکه چه بدن و صورتی زیبا در نظر گرفته می‌شده رو دید. برای مثال در ابتدا زن‌ها به وضوح تپل‌تر هستند و مرور لاغرتر می‌شن

سه. تفاوت عکس نود، اروتیک و مستهجن
عکاسی نود در واقع همه‌ی بدن رو به نمایش می‌گذاره و سعی می‌کنه نشونش بده، در حالی که عکاسی اروتیک از عمد بخش‌هایی رو مخفی می‌کنه و می‌پوشونه. عامل تحریک‌کننده‌ی عکس بخشیه که پوشیده میشه، نه بخشی که نمایش داده میشه! عکاسی مستهجن اما سعی می‌کنه با نمایش فرم‌ها و حرکات رابطه‌ی جنسی مخاطب رو شکه و تحریک کنه.

چهار. عکس برهنه، کالای طبقه‌ی مرفه
بر خلاف الان که فیلم و عکس برهنه برای همه به راحتی در دسترسه، مدت طولانی‌ای در ابتدای تاریخ عکاسی کالایی بوده که فقط در دسترس پولدارترین افراد بوده. فقط یک نسخه از هر عکس قابل چاپ بود و همون هم غیرقانونی محسوب می‌شد که باعث شده بود که قیمت سرسام‌آوری داشته باشه (هر عکس حداقل به اندازه‌ی حقوق یک هفته)

پنج. مواجهه با واقعیت
شاید آدم با خودش فکر کنه که نقاشی‌ها و مجسمه‌های برهنه در تمام تاریخ هنر دیده میشن و عکس فقط یک مدیوم جدیده. اما فرق بزرگی وجود داره. موقع نگاه به نقاشی و مجسمه می‌تونی فکر کنی (یا خودت رو گول بزنی) که هنرمند از تخیلش استفاده کرده، اما عکس تو رو مجبور می‌کنه به این فکر کنی که مدل واقعا جلوی عکاس برهنه ایستاده. این برای تفکر بسته‌ی قرن ۱۹ شک بزرگی بوده.

شش و آخر. سوژه‌‌ی ابدی
نویسنده ادعا می‌کنه که هیچ سوژه‌ای جز بدن از روزهای تولد عکاسی تا الان همیشه و در هر دوره‌ای ماندگار نبوده. دلیلش رو هم شیفتگی و کنجکاوی ابدی انسان نسبت به بدنش می‌دونه. اینکه چقدر ادعاش درسته رو من نمی‌دونم اما نگاه جالبیه

کانال تلگرام ریویوها و دانلود کتاب‌ها و صوتیشون
Maede's Books

۱۴۰۲/۱۲/۱۶

[Liselotte · Rating 3 out of 5]

I really enjoyed looking through these photos! They are wonderful, but I did notice a few things that were just minus points to me:

* Basically, all photos are women, wlw scenes, or men just used for a scene but they are more used as props. There's also one boy in these photos and I'm not entirely sure he's an adult? Of course, it's different looking at the time, but if it makes you uncomfortable just be aware!

* I feel like the book missed a HUGE opportunity on the LGBTQA+ front. There was a big business for gay and also trans photos, but there only about 3 photos that are 'gay' men (of course we can't assume whether they were or not) and not one trans person.

* What surprised me the most was that I can count on 1 hand how many people were plus sized. Nearly all of them were skinny to a skinny medium. That just seemed odd to me as I collect photos myself and I know there are tons of plus sized people who did erotic photography.

* I did notice that there weren't a lot of fetishization of POC in this book (just a small reminder that POC were often not even seen as human and therefore were fetishized a LOT), which is a huge plus, but on the other hand it means this book is VERY white.

Other than these gripes I really liked it and I'm glad to have added it to my history collection.

[Sérgio · Rating 4 out of 5]

Trata-se de uma reedição, a mais recente, da edição original de 1995 de 1000 Nudes: A History of Erotic Photography from 1839-1939, desta feita em versão trilingue, português-italiano-espanhol, inserida numa nova série monográfica intitulada Biblioteca Universalis, que reúne as obras da Taschen mais aclamadas pelo público, num formato exclusivo, a um preço apelativo (consultar link).

A obra consiste numa colectânea de fotos de nu, de origem e classificação diversas, provenientes da colecção privada de Uwe Scheid (1944-2000), um dos maiores coleccionadores mundiais de arte erótica. Ademais, funciona como um complemento de A History of Photography – From 1839 to the present, dado abordar o tema mais discutido e consumido desde a invenção da fotografia, a representação do corpo humano. Neste sentido, partilha conteúdo com outra obra da Taschen, Photo Icons, particularmente o capítulo dedicado, neste último, a Eugène Durieu.

1000 Nudes abre com um ensaio de Hans-Michael Koetzle, especialista alemão em temas fotográficos, contextualizando a invenção e os primeiros passos desta nova arte, e particularizando, de seguida, a história da fotografia de nu. Ficamos a saber, assim, que, embora não haja ainda consenso entre os historiadores, os primeiros nus surgiram pouco tempo após a invenção do primeiro processo fotográfico viável (1839), o daguerreótipo, por Louis Daguerre, entre 1841 e 1849. Assumindo-se como um dos poucos motivos transversais a todos os movimentos e novas estéticas da arte, os teóricos subdividiram-na nas seguintes categorias: o nu artístico, a fotografia erótica, a fotografia pornográfica, a fotografia científica e a fotografia de desporto. São precisamente estas as categorias que subdividem a obra.

Assim, o primeiro capítulo dedica-se aos mais antigos nus da colecção de Scheid, os daguerreótipos de 1850 a 1855, ínfima parte dos estimados 5000 exemplares que se sabem ter sido produzidos até 1860 (SCHEID, p. 39). “A academia”, por sua vez, versa sobre o nu artístico fotográfico, que veio substituir as antigas técnicas de atelier – os modelos vivos, os moldes de gesso e as gravuras –, dadas as vantagens que permitiu: baixo custo, imediatismo e acessibilidade. A famosa série fotográfica de nu académico de Eugène Durieu, feita a pedido do aclamado pintor Eugène Delacroix, encontra-se disponível neste capítulo. Os dois capítulos seguintes confirmam a observação de Eduard Fuchs, datada de 1928, de que era impossível encontrar um único tema erótico, libertino e pornográfico, “que constituísse uma novidade” (SCHEID, p. 39).

Com a evolução dos processos fotográficos, o género do nu vai-se diversificando. Por volta de 1870 surge o bilhete-postal ilustrado e, acto contínuo, os primeiros postais eróticos aparecem em cena em 1875. Na verdade, é com o bilhete-postal que assistimos à criação de uma verdadeira indústria dedicada à produção de material erótico. A consulta das estatísticas de 1899 dá-nos uma ideia da sua dimensão: 88 milhões de postais eróticos produzidos na Alemanha, 14 milhões na Grã-Bretanha e 12 milhões na Bélgica (SCHEID, p. 262). É este objecto de estudo do quinto capítulo. “O peepshow” mostra-nos a representação do nu noutra invenção do século XIX, a estereoscopia, isto é, a técnica que permite obter uma imagem tridimensional, através da análise de duas fotos, obtidas a partir de pontos opostos, recorrendo à visão binocular, um directo antecessor do cinema.

Também as realidades sociais e políticas estão plasmadas no nu. O sétimo capítulo trata do dito nu etnológico, pretensa forma de fotografia científica que cataloga as diversas etnias das então colónias europeias, sem, contudo, lhe escapar um certo teor erotizante, depreciador dos supostos povos inferiores. Os movimentos de vanguarda da arte não deixaram de parte este género fotográfico: o oitavo capítulo trata das influências impressionistas, convencionadas sob o nome “picturalismo”, e o décimo segundo capítulo aborda as novas tendências da fotografia de nu na primeira metade do século XX, com as experiências de, entre outros, Paco, Steichen, Hajek-Halke e Man Ray. A breve trecho, são passadas em revista duas visões particulares do nu: o trabalho fotográfico homossexual do barão von Gloeden e o movimento naturista na Alemanha. A rematar a obra, somos apresentados ao género que dominará uma boa parte dos anos 1940-1960, a fotografia de pin-ups, que alcançará proporções ainda maiores do que as do bilhete-postal e, em larga medida, o substituirá.

É importante destacar o contributo da história da fotografia erótica para o enriquecimento da historiografia contemporânea. Em primeiro lugar, o seu estudo permite-nos traçar uma história da representação erótica que, em conjunto com outros meios como a pintura, a escultura e a literatura, reconstituí não só a evolução do conceito do belo mas também dos padrões de higiene e embelezamento corporal nos últimos dois séculos. Paralelamente, as suas reproduções mais explícitas representam uma fonte primária para a história da sexualidade, e o desenvolvimento dos fetichismos. Por fim, e porque o erotismo não vive exclusivamente do explícito mas recorre inclusive ao que é “velado e depois revelado” (SCHEID, p. 144), é possível documentar a história do vestuário, tendo por base este género fotográfico, particularmente a roupa interior, que escapou tantas vezes à representação pictórica em períodos anteriores.

Referências

https://www.taschen.com/pages/en/sear... [Consultado a 2-2-2019].

JOHNSON, William; RICE, Mark; WILLIAMS, Carla (2005) – A History of Photography – From 1839 to the present. Colónia: Taschen.

KOETZLE, Hans-Michael (2005) – Photo Icons: The Story Behind the Pictures. Colónia: Taschen.

SCHEID, Uwe; KOETZLE, Hans-Michael (2015) – 1000 Nudes: A History of Erotic Photography from 1839-1939. Colónia: Taschen.

[Toni · Rating 5 out of 5]

Why this book? Because the images are stunning,not to mention you get connnected to mortality in a quick way. Here's what I mean, throughout these pages you will pause on an 18 year old stunner, a real coquette circa 1869, she's dead. Stop, what? Yea, dead. Then you pull out your magnifier and look at her face, her breasts, her eyes, you see a glimpse of her soul and you sit back going f..........ck! Life is that quick. On another note,not so dire. I use these images as real models for my erotic work. A great book, you will spent hours turning the pages and gazing at debauchery, nudity and fun all under one roof.

[maria. · Rating 4 out of 5]

This was a really nice introduction to the history of erotic photography. The context provided was really thorough yet short and nicely explained. It also makes a point of talking about the fetishisation of POC, which I appreciated. However, I do wish there were more diverse pictures collected seeing as, for instance, there are no plus size models.

[Sam Mellott · Rating 4 out of 5]

Started for the boobies stayed for the history

[Thom Swennes · Rating 3 out of 5]

I must admit that this book has but a few pages of actual reading (and this in English, German and French). The book starts with a short history of the beginning of photography in general and then narrows the field to the human form. A vast majority of the book is filled with early nude photographs (almost all female) so may be offensive to some readers. I found it simply fascinating; not only the written text but the quality and subject matter of the pictures. People, even in the nude form, are a product of their times and this proves a great example of this. Now, in the 21st Century, the photographs are relative mundane (especially in regard to styles and norms). The book is beautifully made and presented. Although it’s not the tastes of everyone, I liked it.

[Jadine · Rating 2 out of 5]

This was interesting. The reading was boring for me but if you are interested in the history of photography maybe that would interest you. There were very few photos of men in this book, which when they did pop up, reminded me that women are just more just beautiful to look at.

[Daniela Moritz · Rating 4 out of 5]

Das Wichtigste gleich vorab: dieses Buch macht Spaß! Es bedient "die Leidenschaft des Schauens" und lädt zum Schmunzeln, Bewundern, Lachen und Nachdenken ein. Wer waren die Modelle, die sich Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts in den Ateliers der Pariser Fotografen ganz so wie die Natur sie geschaffen hatte, ablichten ließen? Dirnen, Varietékünstlerinnen oder gar Damen des Bürgertums? Wie fand die Verbreitung der lange als obszön geltenden Darstellungen statt? Welchen Einfluss hatte die Aktfotografie auf die Entwicklung der Sexualmoral der Gesellschaft? Und wie unterscheiden sich die Werke von damals von heutigen erotischen Bildern? Fragen, die der Band offen lässt, aber zu weiteren Recherchen anregen.

Besonders bereichernd sind die Ausführungen zu den verschiedenen Epochen und Kategorien der Aktfotografie, wodurch der Blick der Leser und Leserinnen auf das Thema noch einmal geschärft wird. So lehnte sich die Bildsprache des Genres lange Zeit an die der Malerei an, um dem Medium einerseits eine künstlerische Legitimation zu verleihen und andererseits, um die Zensur zu umgehen und fand erst zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts zu seiner ganz eigenen Ausdrucksform und Ästhetik. Ebenfalls erfreulich ist die Vielfalt der Motive, sei es in Hinblick auf die Körperformen der Abgebildeten oder erotischen Vorlieben - offenbar besteht der Wunsch des Menschen, sich auch in sexueller Hinsicht frei entfalten zu können, seit jeher. Andererseits weist die Sammlung Scheid aus heutiger Sicht gewisse Lücken auf (z.B. gibt es kaum Abbildungen von People of Color oder Arbeiten von weiblichen Künstlern), was jedoch an der Zeit und den Möglichkeiten, in der die Bilder entstanden sind, liegen mag. Warum der Band allerdings eine Fotografie Willy Zielkes enthalten muss oder Knabenakte, bleibt das Geheimnis der Herausgeber.

Alles in allem ein sehr aufschlussreicher und unterhaltsamer Überblick des Stoffes, den man sich wie eine gut kuratierte Austellung nicht entgehen lassen sollte.

[Peter · Rating 4 out of 5]

What a massive coffee table book! Through the keyhole to all kind of nudes of the past. Is it any good? Well, you'll find all kind of photos (mostly black and white), of women (mostly) posing in all kind of exotic or alluring attires. There is a saucy section, obscene photos, even some screwing shown, erotic postcards, peepshows, ethnological nudes, pictoralism, Arcadian works, nudes in nature, the longing for the sun, new trends and glamorous shots. The women depicted here differ much from all the later men magazines, are more natural and different to today's beauty ideal. Nevertheless and interesting read with some interesting insights in what was regarded as erotic in the past. One of the books you simply have to pick up. Really recommended!

[Chris · Rating 5 out of 5]

The book details the progression of photography from its beginnings in the early 1800's to the more modern application. One of my complaints about the book is the author's failure to recognise the contribution of Jacques and Charles Biederer who not only gave us a wealth of erotic images but influenced many other photographers of this genre, however I believe that some of the "anonymous" images were from their studio, sadly their continued contribution was cut short by the Nazis in 1942. The written content is quite short but the range of images is outstanding.

[Julia · Rating 5 out of 5]

Me encantan las fotografías antiguas, las colecciono y me enamora imaginar esos momentos, las vidas de las personas que aparecen en ellas, la vida en esos lugares... Así que ver esta enorme colección de fotografías eróticas e incluso imágenes explícitas es algo muy interesante, es como colarse en otra época y ver que qué consideraban erótico y atractivo, las poses seductoras...

[Cam · Rating 4 out of 5]

hubiese estao bien una bibliografía pero vaya, bien. las tarjetas postales la mayoría tienen el sello del productor/estudio/fotógrafo, me da que no sería muy difícil haberlo puesto en vez de "anónimo" pero weno.

[Leandro · Rating 4 out of 5]

You'll love this book if you're truly passionate about photography. The reading is minimal; the analyzing is the real focus. I gained valuable insights into the history of posing, lighting, props, backdrops, framing, shadows, compositions, you name it. I hope you enjoy it too.

[Marius Balodis · Rating 5 out of 5]

Gaal pritrūko kiek daugiau istorijų. Nors istorijas čia pasakoja pačios nuotraukos. Kelia pagarbą fotografams. Ir na, kai gauni 175 metų senumo nude, dar gerokai senesnę nei elektros lemputės išradimas, visai smagu :))

[Jon Robnett · Rating 5 out of 5]

Beautiful imagery and scope into the artistic beauty of the human body. So simple, yet so stunning.

[Scallie]

Voor wie alles wil gezien hebben.

[Renee · Rating 4 out of 5]

Fascinating look at how photography and body image influenced each other.

[Stefan · Rating 4 out of 5]

The majority of this book contains photographs by anonymous photographs but it’s a great collection of vintage nude photography.

[Jane Doe · Rating 4 out of 5]

I love these types of books. This is one huge book, with quite a bit of information on the artists who took the photographs and the history of what was going one with the type of "art" in the different times. It's so interesting to me about how we have changed what we think is beautiful, most of the ladies in these pictures wouldn't cut it today. Many ladies were average, some were masculine looking, may looked sad, only a small part of the book had women appearing to look sassy or playful. Also, another small part of the book has glamour shots, in other parts of the book many of the women in the photos had awful posture, the women are hunched over in awkward looking (not really poses) positions. Not much breast thrusting and not many large breasted women. Body style looks different, couldn't put my finger on what exactly it was. Proportions seemed different from what we see today. Could have been photo angles.
One last thing that I noticed, many of the pictures have women with dirty feet. Yikes
The reason for only 4 stars was because some of the people in the photos appeared very young, both male and female.

[Carolina · Rating 4 out of 5]

Este libro es una joya que recopila 1.000 fotografías eróticas y de desnudo tomadas entre 1839 y 1939 y que nos permiten explorar como el cuerpo humano ha sido representado a través de la fotografía desde sus inicios hasta el periodo clásico modernista, así como los diferentes enfoques y estilos han permitido registrar ésta evolución de la fotografía erótica, desde los daguerrotipos y primeros desnudos fotográficos, pasando por la fotografía etnográfica, la fotografía artística y experimental, hasta una serie de "postales obscenas", que me llamaron mucho la atención, y que eran postales eróticas populares de la época, que, aunque no tenían intenciones artísticas, reflejaban las fantasías y los deseos de la sociedad de la época.

Todas las fotografías son de la colección de Uwe Scheid y están acompañadas de textos que contextualizan las imágenes con información sobre los fotógrafos, las técnicas utilizadas y el contexto social y cultural de la época.

[Narges Shegeft · Rating 4 out of 5]

The first shots could easily be described as “comfortably nude and comfortably ugly”! The gradual maturing of the aesthetics, posing, … was vividly exhibited through time and one can tell if it’d continued to the present day, the sense of taste would’ve gotten even more refined.

(Also, can’t unsee the shot that one was tranquilly combing the other one’s pubic hair! So hilarious, yet so poetic! Can’t forget it. Don’t even wanna!)

[Pelly Sianova · Rating 1 out of 5]

EEEuuuwwwhh..

[Jane Doe · Rating 4 out of 5]

Historically interesting. Both the pictures and the written information.