Billy Martin had such an outsized personality and incredibly eventful life that a biography of him would have to be entertaining. And so it is with Bill Pennington's excellent effort here. Pennington is both sympathetic and critical to Martin, bringing attention to all of the unsavory aspects of Martin's character (and there was no shortage of those) while also showcasing good deeds that often went unnoticed by the media (lots of those as well). Martin comes across as an extremely brilliant (in baseball terms) but flawed personality who frequently was his own worst enemy.
Tumult and chaos surrounded Martin's life from its beginning in Oakland. His father left before Martin was old enough to know him, with him reappearing once out of the blue during Martin's lifetime. Martin was born poor and raised by a difficult, feisty Italian woman in a rough neighborhood. Throughout his life, Martin was known for getting into fistfights (with many not being at his instigation, yet nonetheless he seemed to find trouble on a regular basis) and this began as a teenager. Martin had a childhood dream of playing for the Yankees; he also probably knew that baseball was his safest ticket out of a most likely difficult life.
Pennington chronicles Martin's rise through the minor leagues, his tutelage under Casey Stengel both before and while he was the Yankees manager, and his heyday as a fierce competitor on the famous 1950s Yankees teams that played in a World Series almost every year that decade. Martin did not have as much skill as his good friend Mickey Mantle (then again, almost no one did) but he was what today would probably be referred to as a grinder - someone who would use grit and hustle to make plays, intimidate opponents both verbally and physically, and resort to subterfuge (hidden-ball trick) on occasion.
The 50s were Martin's decade, when his free-spending lifestyle fit in with the times. He drank hard, partied frequently, had a rotation of women with him even though he was married, and basically did whatever he wanted to. Pennington describes how the writers of that era did not typically write about off-the-field activities of the players, much like they did not write about politician's peccadillos either (think JFK and womanizing, and his physical health issues). So when Martin, Mantle, and some other Yankees got into a big fight inside the Copacabana nightclub in 1957, very little of that was reported on.
Martin ultimately became a victim of his own reputation for brawling: he would often be blamed for a fight even if he did not start it, or attempted to play peacekeeper. As Pennington notes, it cut both ways: Martin would be unfairly singled out many times, yet on the other side of the coin, he found himself in those situations to begin with, and he rarely backed down from a fight if challenged. So even if he did not start the fight, he was intent on finishing it. Long-term, this caused significant damage to his reputation, costing him several managerial jobs. You might ask: why didn't Martin extricate himself from even being in these types of situations? The answer is because he was an alcoholic for most of his adult life (this also was a significant contributing factor in his untimely death) and loved hanging out in bars. While Martin did not drink during games, and had periods where he did not drink, or drank very little, the default position was him drinking.
Martin had amazing success as a manager, winning the AL Manager of the Year award multiple times, and being known for getting the most out of downtrodden or under-performing clubs. He had success in Minnesota and Detroit, taking both teams to the playoffs but quickly wearing out his welcome due to off-the-field activities. He also managed to inject some life into a new Texas Rangers franchise and get people there excited about baseball.
But Martin was once a Yankee, always a Yankee, and he wanted to follow in the footsteps of his mentor Stengel. Incredible as it seems, he was given that chance five different times, and probably would have been back for a sixth stint had he not died in an auto accident at age 61. By the mid 1970s, George Steinbrenner had become the owner of the Yankees, and he proceeded to hire and fire Billy five separate times, as well as hiring and firing many others. Martin despised Steinbrenner's meddling, but he knew he had to put up with it in order to manage the Yankees. And did find success, winning the 1977 World Series. Generally he was either around at the start of the season and then fired, or brought in about one-third of the way through a season after the impatient Steinbrenner got tired of either his off-the-field woes or the current manager not meeting his unrealistic expectations (Steinbrenner fired Martin, and others, even when they had winning records).
In between a few of the stints with the Yankees, Martin returned home to Oakland and managed the A's into the playoffs in 1981. That was actually his last appearance in the postseason even though his 80s Yankees teams had very good records (this was before Wild Card teams were allowed). Pennington speaks to players from throughout Martin's managerial career to paint a portrait of someone who relentlessly challenged his own players, opponents, and umpires. Martin always kept the pressure on, and taught many players - even great ones - how to be better players. Despite his success, Martin was a polarizing figure, with some people such as Reggie Jackson constantly battling him. But many more spoke to how Martin tried to help them, and did help them, get better. And how Martin would do things off the diamond for players as well, trying to make sure they were taken care of.
Martin's personal life was tortured. He was married four times. His family seemed to detest all of his wives, which to me says much more about his family than the wives as the wives themselves were quite different from each other. Martin was frequently an absent parent, but then tried to make up for it. Martin was very loyal to his friends and the Yankees. He also made time for legions of fans, gave money freely to people who needed it (so much so that he was in financial trouble for the last few decades of his life), and did many charitable endeavors, often not wanting anything in return other than to help. So with the bad side (the fighting and the volatile temper) came the good side, which was often under-reported on.
Pennington is fair and judicious in appraising Martin and the people in his life. I do think that, at times, he could have been more critical of the press, as once the timeline reached the 1970s the writers in New York began scrounging around for stories and would do anything to get a headline. But he was a former Yankees beat writer himself so that might account for why he was not more critical. This was entertaining from the beginning to the very end, with Pennington devoting significant time to the controversy surrounding Martin's death. He died on Christmas night 1989 when his truck went off an icy road and slammed into a culvert. He was not wearing a seatbelt and went into the windshield. It appears that he was the passenger, but his friend Bill Reedy initially admitted to driving then changed his story (both men had been drinking, with Martin drinking much more). It was said to read about the untimely demise of someone who remained one of the most popular Yankees throughout his life.
The only issue I really had with the book is that sometimes dates and facts did not match up. For instance, Tony La Russa was the manager of the White Sox from 1979 until he was fired in the middle of the 1986 season. Pennington writes about La Russa attending Martin's wedding in January 1988 and refers to him as the White Sox manager at that time (page 443). But that is not enough to mar a wonderful book about a complicated, incredibly flawed man.
Grade: A-