''There is nothing to express, nothing with which to express, no power to express, no desire to express, together with the obligation to express.''
-Samuel Beckett
and the mud yes the dark yes the mud and the dark are true yes nothing to regret there no
Literature- What does it mean? What is its role in human life? How many forms could it have? What norms it to be adhered to? Does it really have any norms? Should it conform to any genre/s? What is a genre in the first place? And Who defines them? How to write it? And what is it in the first place? And what about words-how cruel they could be? Doesn’t it that words should have some mercy on characters? be Are they capable of portraying human life? Shouldn’t they give some space to the personas of a narrative? And Narrative- how it should be or more appropriate question is, could be? Is it necessary to have one at all? And author- who is god in the world of his/ her creation- what is his role? What does he want to convey? What is the point of his writing in the first place? Shouldn’t an author impart his/ her characters- features, strengths, mindedness, memories, at least something to do with? Should an author make his/ her characters, feeble, weak, amorphous, crippled- not only physically but emotionally too? Isn’t inhumane of an author to dispense such traits? Should or could an author be so potent to do whatever he/ she may please with his/ her literary progeny?
These are some of the questions that pop up out of nothingness and encompass your mind with an air of weirdness. Literature is often said to mirror our society as it is supposed to take a cue from humanity. However, it could be otherwise too, can’t society look upon the literature to evolve. If we observe the discussion closely, we may ascertain that both humanity and literature go hand-in-hand, in other words, both evolve simultaneously. We could find clues from the progress of art movements in our history, for how does it evolve from idealism, romanticism, realism, modernism, and then to post-modernism. Of course, these subjects interest the critics, since an author doesn’t give a damn about movements, genres, forms, etc; one just has to do one’s job- that is to write whatever way one may please to. Well, at least authors such Beckett have the might to do as they want, since they are the omnipotent beings of their oeuvre- wherein all rules, norms watch themselves to be annihilated into nothingness. But, could we endure such literature? Is that a way to write at all?
Authors like Beckett pamper their worlds with miseries, weakness, confusion, feebleness, angst, ironies, non-expressions, ruminations, and nothingness; but it is in a quite humane manner, for human life is full of these. One could actually feel the panting of one’s heart when reading the vibrating, pulsating, and trembling text. It reminds me of what George Orwell once advised about literature, that it should be simple and clear, accessible to all; but the motives of authors could be poles apart, for Beckett doesn’t write for everyone.
all I hear leave out more leave out all hear no more lie there in my arms the ancient without end me we're talking of me without end that buries all mankind to the last cunt they'd be good moments in the dark the mud hearing nothing saying nothing capable of nothing nothing
How It Is. Well, you may be left quivering with anxiety and frustration even after finishing the book, thinking about the questions- how it is, how was it, how it could be . It is an outrageous piece of literature that may look dense, demanding, exhausting, unreadable, and almost impenetrable at the outset, but as you spend time with it you start relishing it for it may not be a coherence of form but it is definitely a coherence of vision. Right from the word go, we are thrown into the familiar world of Samuel Beckett wherein the protagonist is as feeble and weak as it could be, he is being ripped off any sort of form, identity, comforts, consolations, even memories- neither of himself nor of anyone else; in other words, the protagonist has robbed off anything which defines our being, he is just an aimless, demented consciousness of someone or something, which is roaming around endlessly in this cruel world or the purgatory of Beckett. The non-being of Beckett tries with all his capabilities and faculties to break free from this hell but eventually to no effect, that’s how it is. But that is not what you read Beckett for, since that you know as you embark upon his literary horizon, you read it for the artistic pleasure it might yield, for the aesthetic beauty it might radiate.
It would be quite an understatement to say that the book is challenging, for that’s what exactly Beckett writes for, to push the literature to its most extreme limits so that it comes closer to resemble our life; his works invariably portrays the human existence, as no one else can do. The sentences (or should we say an assortment of words) are like pulsating ripples that keep dancing on the surface of your consciousness throughout the book and the interesting part is that these ripples may settle in whatever way they please, mostly unexpected and on each reading may provide different meaning altogether.
how it was my life we're talking of my life in the dark the mud with Pim part two leaving only part three and last that's where I have my life where I had it where I'll have it vast tracts of time part three and last in the dark the mud my life murmur it bits and scraps
Beckett’s world is bleak as it offers a tragicomic outlook on human existence and what better way to convey it than through the cyclic, confused, ironical, irrational text. The language used by the author is coarse, oblique, and aberrant, probably to portray the limitations of the narrator. The narrative of the book is inward, orbitual, chaotic, and self-referential, it is made up of false starts, self-corrections, interruptions, and repetitions; repetitions- as we see in the Molloy trilogy too- form an important element of the narrative- as we see in novels of Thomas Bernhard too, though here it is stylistically different. It reminds me of Maurice Blanchot too, for his works push the limits of literature to such extent; like Blanchot, Beckett raises the prospect that writing itself is an event and so is subject to indeterminacy.
there he is then at last that one of us there we are then at last who listens to himself and who when he lends his ear to our murmur does no more than lend it to a story of his own devising ill-inspired ill- told and so ancient so forgotten at each telling that ours may seem faithful that we murmur to the mud to him
Our narrator finds himself plunged into the mud of nothingness with only having a sack which helps him with habitual requirements or sometimes even that doesn’t happen so; however, the purpose of the mud is to keep a man going despite all. We are just given with a character alone embedded in constant darkness, what else is required and that’s all we have been provided, that is how it is. He remains stuck in the endless mud no matter how rigorously he endeavors, there seems to be no key to his conundrum as if he is thrown deep down into this existential limbo from which he cries his heart out or the voice itself to come out of this hell of nothingness.
hard to believe too yes that I have a voice yes in me yes when the panting stops yes not at other times no and that I murmur yes I yes in the mud yes for nothing yes I yes but it must be believed yes
He rambles and cribs half- baked meaningless thoughts, through interior monologue with his imaginary (or real) companion- Pim, who is just one of the many probable ones, one never comes to know- he is what Pim to him. It could be his inner voice or of someone else, we never come to know it, we could never know. The narrator has no past, present, or future, there is no trace of his being, neither could be; some may say that the literature here is extremely cruel as it just muscles down the narrator, doesn’t even allow him any sort of solace from this existential condemnation. He is unremittingly repeating himself, perhaps over years or millennials, there is no birth no end nihilo ex nihilo. However, it inevitably digresses me towards the idea of infiniteness and the recurring nature of the universe itself, for all voices may either represent all beings (non-beings) or one or different versions of oneself repeating itself infinitely through space and time.
so in me I quote on when the panting stops scraps of that ancient voice on itself its errors and exactitudes on us millions on us
Death is the most shimmering of those jewels which one may found in Beckett’s world, it is one of the constant themes of his works. However, probably here, it is either about tortuous worldly existence or some sort of existential limbo (perhaps in some afterlife) in which the unfulfilled existence of a man rues over his/ her unwarranted and unexpected state of nature, which does not impart any degrees of freedom to it.
so things may change no answer end no answer I may choke no answer sink no answer sully the mud no more no answer the dark no answer trouble the peace no more no answer the silence no answer die no answer DIE screams I MAY DIE screams I SHALL DIE screams good
Though Beckett is often linked with modernism, for his literature is subjective and focuses upon the consciousness of individuality but we can’t deny the obvious elements of post-modernism in it, or we may say to be one of the precursors of post-modernism. Beckett bends the text to such an extent that it would be extremely difficult to call it a novel or play for matter, perhaps it represents something more concrete, something more omnipotent, something more universal, as we communicate or speak in our real life. And here as we mentioned at the beginning that critics often bother themselves with these petty dilemmas to classify or explain an author’s work however, the author is least bothered about it, but, because of our habitual fallacy, we ended up doing the same here, perhaps a ‘necessary evil.’
but that in reality we are one and all from the unthinkable first to the no less unthinkable last glued together in vast imbrication of flesh without breach or fissure