It’s pulp.
1950s pulp.
1950s pulp written by a closeted 22-year-old housewife.
By today’s standards, one could certainly pick it apart and find flaws. It’s almost a caricature of what lesbian life must have been like back in the day. But with millions of copies printed, this series of five books was a lifeline in its era, helping lesbian women find hope to survive. As such, it serves as an enlightening window into its historical time and place.
I initially read a few of these books years ago. But it was interesting to read all five books in chronological sequence, and in particular the in-depth commentary by the author, the pseudonymous Ann Bannon. The authors explains that she created the novels as a way of surviving a difficult heterosexual marriage, doing occasional “fieldwork” in Manhattan’s Greenwich Village to learn more about the lesbian world. She eventually stopped writing, and did not even realize the impact of her work, which is now taught in university courses.
I found it especially interesting to witness the evolution of Bannon’s emotional life as revealed in the overarching feelings evoked from novel to novel. Odd Girl Out (which by the way was the second best-selling novel of 1957!) is a nuanced exploration of same-sex desire and the limited choices facing young women in the pre-Stonewall era. Women in the Shadows, published two years later, is depressing in its casual brutality and hopelessness. Finally, Beebo Brinker (1962) is downright fantasy-esque in its grandiose portrayal of the 18-year-old butch super-stud arriving in the big city and causing hearts to swoon.
“Big, bold, handsome, the quintessential 1950s buccaneer butch, she was a heller and I adored her,” writes Bannon in an introductory section. “When Beebo was at her buccaneer best, I was infatuated with her myself. When she was at her destructive worst, I was using her as a dumping ground for my own frustrations. She was tough and could take it, and made my life better and my spirit stronger by shouldering the troubles I couldn’t resolve. But it resulted in giving her a dark side I now wish I could soften.”
Bannon worked hard to understand the world she was writing about, but as a married heterosexual wife and mother, she remained a cultural outsider despite her best efforts. Quoting again from one of her introductory sections:
I had been reading everything I could get my hands on in the two years or so between Odd Girl Out and I Am a Woman, trying to encompass the whole wonderful, alarming, irresistible idea of women together. I had learned the word lesbian. I had learned about butches and femmes. In travel books, I had discovered that mythical hamlet, Manhattan’s own Brigadoon, Greenwich Village. I was thoroughly enchanted…. [But} there are times when I wish I had done enough living back then, when I was doing so much writing, to justify my grand generalizations, my cocksure assertions, my pronouncements on life and love…. Perusing my novels again was a trip in a time machine, an exercise both embarrassing and exhilarating. How very young I was! How deep those feelings ran! And how startlingly sparse was my worldly knowledge.
I recommend this omnibus to anyone who wants to travel seven decades back in time. It’s amazing how well the novels hold up.