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What Philosophy Can Do
"A brilliant demonstration of what philosophy can do and how it is essential to human integrity and identity." —Simon Critchley, coeditor of The Stone Reader
In What Philosophy Can Do, Gary Gutting takes a philosopher’s scalpel to modern life’s biggest questions and the most powerful forces in our society—politics, science, religion, education, and capitalism. Along the way, he introduces readers to powerful philosophical tools, from inductive and deductive logic to the Principle of Charity, which they can use to make better sense of current debates. Interweaving his discussion of contemporary issues with philosophical concepts from Aristotle to Michel Foucault and John Rawls, Gutting shows how philosophy can enrich public discussions about our most urgent issues.
In What Philosophy Can Do, Gary Gutting takes a philosopher’s scalpel to modern life’s biggest questions and the most powerful forces in our society—politics, science, religion, education, and capitalism. Along the way, he introduces readers to powerful philosophical tools, from inductive and deductive logic to the Principle of Charity, which they can use to make better sense of current debates. Interweaving his discussion of contemporary issues with philosophical concepts from Aristotle to Michel Foucault and John Rawls, Gutting shows how philosophy can enrich public discussions about our most urgent issues.
321 pages, Kindle Edition
First published September 8, 2015
99 people are currently reading
342 people want to read
About the author
Gary Gutting
34 books29 followersGary Gutting was an American philosopher and holder of an endowed chair in philosophy at the University of Notre Dame.
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Displaying 1 - 17 of 17 reviews
January 27, 2016
Gary Gutting does a kind of survey of contemporary social issues, ranging from politics, science and religion to more specialized areas like education and abortion. By taking on these various issues as a philosopher, he intends to show what philosophy has to contribute to these topics, as well as the philosophical tools which facilitate their discussion. His particular conclusions are generally those of a humane, well-educated, well-informed person, though I could quibble with many points. He repeatedly emphasizes that his conclusions are secondary to emphasizing the contribution which philosophical thinking has to make.
In two areas, he comes across with ideas which are dear to my heart. In discussing the relationship between philosophy and science, he makes the following distinction: “where the mind is concerned, we need a fundamental distinction of the subjective from the objective (roughly, an inside/private view of the mind versus an outside/public one).”
He uses this distinction to discuss how neuroscience treats consciousness and free will: “Although we do not presently have anything like a complete causal account of consciousness, we have a fairly good idea of what such an account would look like from a third-person objective perspective, taking the brain as a physical system. But… we have almost no idea of how to incorporate into such an account the first-person subjective perspective of our concrete experiences: what it is like (from the inside) to see a color, hear a symphony, love a friend, or hate an enemy.”
“It doesn’t follow, however, that we have no ways of understanding our first-person experiences. Not only our everyday lives but also our art, literature, history and philosophy contribute to such understanding.” This addendum, in my opinion, places science in its appropriate relationship with the humanities.
The other idea dear to my heart concerns religion and the relationship between atheists and theists. He discusses the so-called and fashionable “new atheists” such as Dawkins, Harris, Hitchens and Dennett, and while he finds weaknesses in their arguments, he also finds strengths, and he comes down somewhere in the middle. “Religious believers may be able to deflect the criticisms of the new atheists. But the deflection is not without consequences for what they believe. First, they must abandon naïve views of God – they must stop thinking of his perfections as supersized versions of human perfections and regarding his interventions in the world as on a par with those of any greatly powerful, non-divine being (e.g., a highly advanced space alien).”
Gutting has well-reasoned opinions on many topics, too numerous to summarize, many of which strike a congenial chord in me. I can’t help like a person who thinks that teachers ought to be paid more, and that we should rely on their talent and creativity, rather than piling on them onerous layers of administration and educational research. I enjoyed Gutting’s book, finding much with which to argue and much with which to agree.
In two areas, he comes across with ideas which are dear to my heart. In discussing the relationship between philosophy and science, he makes the following distinction: “where the mind is concerned, we need a fundamental distinction of the subjective from the objective (roughly, an inside/private view of the mind versus an outside/public one).”
He uses this distinction to discuss how neuroscience treats consciousness and free will: “Although we do not presently have anything like a complete causal account of consciousness, we have a fairly good idea of what such an account would look like from a third-person objective perspective, taking the brain as a physical system. But… we have almost no idea of how to incorporate into such an account the first-person subjective perspective of our concrete experiences: what it is like (from the inside) to see a color, hear a symphony, love a friend, or hate an enemy.”
“It doesn’t follow, however, that we have no ways of understanding our first-person experiences. Not only our everyday lives but also our art, literature, history and philosophy contribute to such understanding.” This addendum, in my opinion, places science in its appropriate relationship with the humanities.
The other idea dear to my heart concerns religion and the relationship between atheists and theists. He discusses the so-called and fashionable “new atheists” such as Dawkins, Harris, Hitchens and Dennett, and while he finds weaknesses in their arguments, he also finds strengths, and he comes down somewhere in the middle. “Religious believers may be able to deflect the criticisms of the new atheists. But the deflection is not without consequences for what they believe. First, they must abandon naïve views of God – they must stop thinking of his perfections as supersized versions of human perfections and regarding his interventions in the world as on a par with those of any greatly powerful, non-divine being (e.g., a highly advanced space alien).”
Gutting has well-reasoned opinions on many topics, too numerous to summarize, many of which strike a congenial chord in me. I can’t help like a person who thinks that teachers ought to be paid more, and that we should rely on their talent and creativity, rather than piling on them onerous layers of administration and educational research. I enjoyed Gutting’s book, finding much with which to argue and much with which to agree.
May 29, 2019
Biraz agir bir dili var. bazi cumleleri tekrar tekrar okumak gerekiyor. O yuzden bitirmek zaman alabilir.
February 8, 2016
While pretty generous with four-star reviews, I tend to reserve five stars to those books that set an ambitious target and then succeed in hitting it. In this case, author Gary Gutting (Professor of Philosophy at Notre Dame and frequent contributor to the Stone philosophy column in the New York Times) sets out to demonstrate that philosophy is not only relevant in modern times, but absolutely essential if we want to progress past the empty shouting matches that characterize so much modern discourse.
What Philosophy Can Do begins by applying a variety of items in the philosopher’s toolbox to debates over politics, showing how things like structured argumentation and the Principle of Charity (which asks you to take on your opponent’s strongest arguments vs. pouncing on his or her weakest ones) can create an environment where intelligent conflict supplants noisy pseudo-debate. And his analysis of science vs. religion returns philosophy to its proper place as the third leg in a stool which makes debates over scientific vs. religious thinking fruitful vs. useless (and needlessly hostile).
Later chapters on art (which argues that classical music is indeed superior to rock and roll) and abortion are less thorough, but here the author is simply demonstrating one well-constructed philosophical argument that others can emulate (ideally to support an opposing position equally thoughtfully).
My own work drills into a subset of what Gutting covers in What Philosophy Can Do (politics), but Gutting is required reading for anyone wondering how to make our current conversations less about butting heads and more about using them.
What Philosophy Can Do begins by applying a variety of items in the philosopher’s toolbox to debates over politics, showing how things like structured argumentation and the Principle of Charity (which asks you to take on your opponent’s strongest arguments vs. pouncing on his or her weakest ones) can create an environment where intelligent conflict supplants noisy pseudo-debate. And his analysis of science vs. religion returns philosophy to its proper place as the third leg in a stool which makes debates over scientific vs. religious thinking fruitful vs. useless (and needlessly hostile).
Later chapters on art (which argues that classical music is indeed superior to rock and roll) and abortion are less thorough, but here the author is simply demonstrating one well-constructed philosophical argument that others can emulate (ideally to support an opposing position equally thoughtfully).
My own work drills into a subset of what Gutting covers in What Philosophy Can Do (politics), but Gutting is required reading for anyone wondering how to make our current conversations less about butting heads and more about using them.
June 1, 2018
I have a bachelor's degree in philosophy, so I love reading books similar to this. I believe this specific book should be targeted more towards people unfamiliar with the major discussions and topics in Philosophy. I did enjoy how Gutting offered practical uses for philosophy (politics, abortion, art, etc) - something which many people seem to be unaware of. I also liked how he set up each chapter. He discussed an issue and gave reasons for both sides of the arguments, as well as objections. This kept me interested as a reader. Overall, I found this book quite stimulating, however it may be better for a "philosophical beginner".
February 25, 2024
This is an enjoyable and readable collection of essays all of which point to the practical applicability of philosophical concepts to a person's thought life. At first I thought that it would be a predictable Catholic viewpoint on things like abortion, etc. since the author teaches at Notre Dame. But that was not the case. (By the way, I liked this book better the second time I read it.)
November 9, 2018
Gary Gutting is well know in the field of Philosophy and has a lot to offer in terms of education and understanding. That being said this book is aimed toward readers who have little more than a foundational understanding of philosophical thinking. Gutting does an excellent job at explaining different points of view and ways to make effective arguments. One thing Gutting blatantly fails at is connecting with his target audience.
One issue this books runs into is use of Philosophical Jargon that many everyday readers may not know or care to know. Gutting also tends to over explain some concepts and under explain others, for someone just getting into philosophy this inconsistency can be highly confusing.
Overall, I believe What Philosophy Can Do is a well made book that poses some great dilemmas that are applicable to every day life. It does a great job at challenging your thought processes while simultaneously strengthening your understanding.
One issue this books runs into is use of Philosophical Jargon that many everyday readers may not know or care to know. Gutting also tends to over explain some concepts and under explain others, for someone just getting into philosophy this inconsistency can be highly confusing.
Overall, I believe What Philosophy Can Do is a well made book that poses some great dilemmas that are applicable to every day life. It does a great job at challenging your thought processes while simultaneously strengthening your understanding.
March 1, 2020
A terrific display of philosophy's continued usefulness and importance in the modern world. And more than that, Gutting provides a crash course in critical thought. Tackling a number of major and divisive issues of the day (religion, abortion, education, politics), Gutting opens up both sides of the arguments, showing how one can properly think about and engage with these topics. I doubt everyone would enjoy this book, and you certainly need at least a basic background in philosophical thought. But I certainly appreciated Gutting's style, honesty, and intellectual rigor.
March 24, 2017
Gutting provides a handy guidebook on what philosophy has done and what it can do in a number of areas. I would recommend this to someone who has an interest in philosophy and its application, but has little time for browsing through tomes of philosophy books. While it has indeed been watered down for the benefit of the lay public, Gutting's presentation of the essential ideas of a number of philosophers -- both ancient and contemporary -- is concise and easy to follow.
June 30, 2017
Personally I enjoy reading this book. It is clearly intended for non-academic audience; philosophy is about forming logical arguments and counterarguments. Gutting's goal is really to get people interested in this topic, so that they are willing to spend time exploring those in the future. Like he said in Chapter 7, the intellectual culture is what is important.
September 29, 2021
loved it - it was so so interesting and applied philosophy to many aspects of society, including politics, abortion, religion, education and art.
however, I did find it a bit complex to understand at times and felt that the explanations and terminology used were a little bit above my understanding - but this improved as the book progressed.
however, I did find it a bit complex to understand at times and felt that the explanations and terminology used were a little bit above my understanding - but this improved as the book progressed.
November 8, 2024
Some helpful suggestions on presenting arguments to family and friends who have different positions on various issues. But Gutting uses mostly Modern Philosophers to get his points across. So I highly recommend Eric Weiner's book "Socrates Express." More Ancient Philosophers discussed, much more fun to read and the format easier for note taking.
September 12, 2018
Kitapta 45 sayfa ilerlememe rağmen neden hala birşeyler anlayamadığımı çevirinin ne kadar kötü olduğunu fark ettiğimde anladım. Hadi çevirmen (Tuğçe Ayteş) bir şekil çevirdi arkadaş bi editör, yayın yönetmeni (Ali Atıf Bir) demi kitabı bir kez okumadı, direk bastı.
August 18, 2018
I selected this for a University President Book Club... what a great book... it is really about what philosophy can do in various areas... philosophy is not just for philosophers.
January 8, 2020
The issue is presented in old school style: the author is basically lecturing all the time, in a rather boring manner. A great opportunity was missed.
September 6, 2016
This book explains in a clear and non-technical way how the tools used by professional philosophers can be used by ordinary (thoughtful) people to help them better analyze and understand controversial issues in our society. His chapter on "education in a capitalist society" is very thought provoking, and should be read by every thinking person who cares about creating a better world for future generations.
While 5 stars may be a bit strong as a rating, it is so refreshing to encounter an accessible, serious book on philosophy - one we amateurs can readily read and enjoy.
While 5 stars may be a bit strong as a rating, it is so refreshing to encounter an accessible, serious book on philosophy - one we amateurs can readily read and enjoy.
April 5, 2017
An enjoyable and clear read that would benefit many people. Unfortunately, the people likely to read it are the ones who don't need to.
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January 22, 2016100 G9854 2015
Displaying 1 - 17 of 17 reviews