Жак Рансьер - всемирно известный философ, профессор университета Париж VIII (Сен-Дени) - представлен в России прежде всего переводами своих актуальных исследований в области эстетики. Впервые представляемый русскому читателю центральный труд мыслителя, книга "Несогласие" (1995), знакомит с философией политики Рансьера, без которой невозможно полноценное восприятие его влиятельной философской системы.
Jacques Rancière (born Algiers, 1940) is a French philosopher and Emeritus Professor of Philosophy at the University of Paris (St. Denis) who came to prominence when he co-authored Reading Capital (1968), with the Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser.
Rancière contributed to the influential volume Reading "Capital" (though his contribution is not contained in the partial English translation) before publicly breaking with Althusser over his attitude toward the May 1968 student uprising in Paris. Since then, Rancière has departed from the path set by his teacher and published a series of works probing the concepts that make up our understanding of political discourse. What is ideology? What is the proletariat? Is there a working class? And how do these masses of workers that thinkers like Althusser referred to continuously enter into a relationship with knowledge? We talk about them but what do we know? An example of this line of thinking is Rancière's book entitled Le philosophe et ses pauvres (The Philosopher and His Poor, 1983), a book about the role of the poor in the intellectual lives of philosophers.
Most recently Rancière has written on the topic of human rights and specifically the role of international human rights organizations in asserting the authority to determine which groups of people — again the problem of masses — justify human rights interventions, and even war.
In 2006, it was reported that Rancière's aesthetic theory had become a point of reference in the visual arts, and Rancière has lectured at such art world events as the Freize Art Fair. Former French presidential candidate Ségolène Royal has cited Rancière as her favourite philosopher.
"Disagreement is not the conflict between one who says white and another who says black. It is the conflict between one who says white and another who also says white but does not understand the same thing by it or does not understand that the other is saying the same thing in the name of whiteness."
Important, illuminating, less obfuscating than some of his other works, this book is a good introduction to Ranciere's conception of politics (& thus his conception of aesthetics, the structure of which he sees as strictly parallel to that of politics). It is, however, very repetitive in such a way that the experience of reading the book sometimes felt intellectually stultifying to me.
This is one of the best books on politics that i can imagine, thought definitely not a novel! Ranciere dissects the origins and practices of politics and its intersection with philosophy poetically. It is also fascinating. Recommended for those who follow politics and philosophy
Jacques Rancière widerspricht in "La mésentente" der Idee, dass die nachsowjetische Konsensdemokratie eine Rückkehr der Politik sei, und sieht darin vielmehr deren Liquidierung. Echte Politik definiert er als das paradoxe Eingreifen der "Anteilslosen" (sans-part) – also jener, die keinen traditionellen Anspruch auf Macht durch Geburt, Reichtum oder Wissen besitzen. Der moderne "Konsens" neutralisiert genau diesen Anteil, indem er Politik auf die bloße Verwaltung der ökonomischen Dominanz reduziert. Das Buch zeigt auf, wie diese scheinbar friedliche Verwaltung stattdessen neue Formen von Ausgrenzung, Hass und Gewalt hervorbringt, was die ungebrochene Aktualität seiner Analyse beweist. Rancière trifft dabei eine zentrale Unterscheidung zwischen der "Politik" (la politique) als dem Moment des Streits und der "politischen Philosophie", die diesen Streit historisch (etwa als Archi-, Para- oder Meta-Politik) beenden will. Politik ist für ihn die "Mésentente" (der Zwist), bei dem die "Ungezählten" die bestehende "polizeiliche" Ordnung der Güterverteilung herausfordern und Gleichheit einfordern. Demokratie ist dabei kein Idealzustand, sondern die bloße Bedingung der Möglichkeit für Politik – also gerade keine stabile Regierungsform, sondern der disruptive Moment der Gleichheitsforderung selbst – also der Moment, in dem die Ausgeschlossenen überhaupt sprechen können.Das Paradox der konsensualen "Post-Demokratie" besteht darin, dass das Ende des politischen Streits eine neue Xenophobie oder Diskriminierung hervorbringt, da Konflikte nun auf "reale" Ursachen wie die ethnische Herkunft zurückgeführt werden. Abschließend sei jedoch in aller Schärfe auf das Paradoxon hingewiesen, das in der (scheinbaren) Abnahme des "Anteils der Anteillosen" liegt: Wenn die post-demokratische Ordnung den Anspruch erhebt, alle Konflikte im Konsens aufzulösen und jeden "Anteil" restlos zu verwalten, entzieht sie der Politik selbst den Boden. Politik, im Sinne Rancières, existiert nur durch das Aufbegehren derer, die ungezählt sind. Ein Zeitalter, in dem der "Anteil der Anteillosen" stetig abzunehmen scheint, ist demnach ein Zeitalter, in dem die politische Subjektivität selbst erlischt und der fundamentale Zwist (la mésentente) dem reinen Management der "polizeilichen" Ordnung weicht. Es ist die Stille, die nach dem Ende der Politik eintritt.
“The struggle between the rich and the poor is not social reality, which politics then has to deal with. It is the actual institution of politics itself. There is politics when there is a part of those who have no part, a part or party of the poor. Politics does not happen just because the poor oppose the rich. It is the other way around: politics (that is, the interrup tion of the simple effects of domination by the rich) causes the poor to exist as an entity.”
“Politics exists simply because no social order is based on nature, no divine law regu lates human society.”
“Politics occurs when there is a place and a way for two heterogenous processes to meet. The first is the police process in the sense we have tried to define. The second is the process of equality.”
“the more it needs to legitimize itself through monotr -,us reiteration of the impossibility of the im possible, even if it mt.kas protecting this negative self-legitimization behind the thin barrier of the law that determines the point at which the emptiness of the truth must end, the limit that the argument of the impossibility of the impossible must not overstep.”
The part in legitimization can be traced back in parallel to Eichmann problem of illegal but legitimate acts.
La trama ontológica del Imperio se construye mediante la actividad más allá de toda medida de la multitud y sus poderes virtuales. Estos poderes constitutivos, virtuales, entran en interminable conflicto con los poderes constituidos del Imperio. Y son completamente positivos puesto que su “ser-contra” es un “ser-para”, en otras palabras, una resistencia que se vuelve amor y comunidad. Estamos situados precisamente en esa bisagra de la finitud infinita que enlaza lo virtual con lo posible, comprometida con el pasaje desde el deseo a un futuro venidero.
It was important for me to remember that this was published in 1999. Policing and politics have changed since then. By my reckoning, there's more politics in Europe and especially the US.
Excellent. Ouvrage nécessaire pour tous ceux qui veulent vraiment comprendre de quoi parle J. Rancière dans son oeuvre. Ici, la mésentente, le partage du sensible, le régime de visibilité deviennent des façons de percevoir le monde esthétique et politique.
overall very good and insightful. though chapter 2 was kinda odd. he basically throws Althusser under the bus only to arrive at basically the same theory with less intuitive definitions. anyways, we fucked.