The concept of 'tribe' in India is a beleaguered one, and shares overlapping definitions with a number of nomenclatures-'adivasis', 'indigenous people', and even 'Scheduled Tribes'. For centuries, over widely dispersed territories, groups of communities were subjected to very similar inimical processes that led to their destitution.
First Citizens engages with the political and historical processes which go into the making of differential identities and adoption of specific labels by communities, and explores a number of critical issues confronting this extremely vulnerable section of Indian society. The essays document the diverse causes for migrations of India's 'tribal' populations, notably women, and their absorption into both rural and urban informal economies; the multi-layered aggression of 'development' policies impinging on the lives of those inhabiting mineral-rich habitats; the violent interface between politicized forest dwellers and the Indian state; the theory and practice behind the Forest Rights Act and the environmentalists' dilemma; and state legislation which may be enabling or otherwise for forest-based communities.
Highlighting these communities' attempts to organize a broad-based social movement to challenge ecologically destructive and non-inclusive economic policies, this volume chronicles their struggle to claim a common identity as Indian citizens.
Essential collection of issue on Adivasis, tribals and indigenous peoples in India. From theoretical excursions on how one defines the terms adivasi and tribal in the Indian context to an all-too familiar and dispiriting history of how such peoples have been dispossesed and exploited by both colonial and post-colonial regimes and the unholy trinity of zamindar, sahukar and sarkar that followed them into taking advantage of vulnerable adivasi and tribal populations. Also illuminating are the struggles of the Forest Rights Act of 2006 and the difficulties in implementing its provisions.