An isotope is a variant form of a chemical element, containing a different number of neutrons in its nucleus. Most elements exist as several isotopes. Many are stable while others are radioactive, and some may only exist fleetingly before decaying into other elements.
In this Very Short Introduction , Rob Ellam explains how isotopes have proved enormously important across all the sciences and in archaeology. Radioactive isotopes may be familiar from their use in nuclear weapons, nuclear power, and in medicine, as well as in carbon dating. They have been central to establishing the age of the Earth and the origins of the solar system. Combining previous and new research, Ellam provides an overview of the nature of stable and radioactive isotopes, and considers their wide range of modern applications.
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Chapter 1: Identical outsides… different insides Chapter 2: Isotopic clocks: the persistence of carbon Chapter 3: You are what you eat… plus a few per mil Chapter 4: Measuring isotopes: counting the atoms Chapter 5: Physics heal thyself: isotopes in medicine Chapter 6: Measuring isotopes: mass spectrometers Chapter 7: Reconstructing the past and weathering the future Chapter 8: Scratching the surface with cosmogenic isotopes Chapter 9: Uranium, thorium, and their daughters Chapter 10: Probing the Earth with isotopes Chapter 11: Cosmic stopped clocks
This Very Short Introduction introduces some concepts in nuclear and isotope physics. It is interesting how broad the phenomena and applications are that nuclear physics can describe, from describing the origin of all heavy elements to cancer therapy via radiation, from cosmogenic dating to decrypting food chains of animals or reconstructing climate change in history. In some parts this was a good addition to a course on Advanced Physics of Nuclei and Isotopes that I attended. However, I skipped the last chapters as I had enough isotope talk in the last six months.
This was a really good book about a difficult subject. The author broke things down in a very simplistic manner and did a great job describing details. The opening chapters were particularly enjoyable: towards the end of the book the subject matter got fairly technical, but the author did a great job making it interesting and understandable.