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鐵血與音符:德國人的民族性格

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  為何這個創造出音樂、文學、和科學奇蹟的民族,

  卻在每個世紀都發動侵略戰爭?





  理性與瘋狂,殘暴且浪漫——



  理性、精準、一絲不苟、條理分明——這是多數世人對德國的印象。



  這個民族孕育了無數譜寫出動人旋律的音樂家、開創思想新局的哲學家,也是十八世紀歐洲浪漫主義藝術的起源地。但是,這個國家卻也是挑起兩次世界大戰、侵略鄰國、意圖滅絕猶太人的民族。鐵血宰相俾斯麥曾說:「音樂總是喚起我心中兩種截然不同的渴望,一是戰爭,另一則是田園般的寧靜。」這句話正是德意志民族靈魂的寫照——浪漫與殘暴並存。德意志民族的性格為何如此分裂? 為何德國人在高度理性的同時,卻又在戰時集體陷入泯滅人性的瘋狂?



  本書作者埃米爾∙路德維希為德裔猶太人,年輕時遷居瑞士,他曾在一九三六年於美國巡迴演說時警告世人,德國將再發動二次世界大戰,而當時由希特勒領導的納粹黨才剛於一九三三年的德國大選中獲選執政。路德維希早年曾因大力抨擊日益壯大的納粹黨而遭鎖定,並遭納粹以專著《埃米爾•路德維希事件》對其進行人身攻擊。納粹黨坐大後,路德維希擔心遭到不測,於一九四○

221 pages, Kindle Edition

First published January 1, 1943

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About the author

Emil Ludwig

420 books80 followers
Emil Ludwig (originally named Emil Cohn) was born in Breslau, now part of Poland. Ludwig studied law but chose writing as a career. At first he wrote plays and novella, but also worked as a journalist. In 1906, he moved to Switzerland, but, during World War I, he worked as a foreign correspondent for the Berliner Tageblatt in Vienna and Istanbul. He became a Swiss citizen in 1932, later emigrating to the United States in 1940.

At the end of the Second World War, he went to Germany as a journalist, and it is to him that we owe the retrieving of Goethe's and Schiller's coffins, which had disappeared from Weimar in 1943/44. He returned to Switzerland after the war and died in 1948, in Moscia, near Ascona.

During the 1920s, he achieved international fame for his popular biographies which combined historical fact and fiction with psychological analysis. After his biography of Goethe was published in 1920, he wrote several similar biographies, including one about Bismarck (1922–24) and another about Jesus (1928). As Ludwig's biographies were popular outside of Germany and were widely translated, he was one of the fortunate émigrés who had an income while living in the United States. His writings were considered particularly dangerous by Goebbels, who mentioned him in his journal.

Ludwig interviewed Benito Mussolini and on December 1, 1929 Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. His interview with the founder of the Republic of Turkey appeared in Wiener Freie Presse in March 1930, addressing issues of religion and music. He also interviewed Joseph Stalin in Moscow on December 13, 1931. An excerpt from this interview is included in Stalin's book on Lenin. Ludwig describes this interview in his biography of Stalin. What was originally an omitted section of the interview by Joseph Stalin himself, Professor of Montclair State University Grover Furr had finally published an English version of it.

Ludwig's extended interviews with T.G. Masaryk, founder and longtime president of Czechoslovakia, appeared as Defender of Democracy in 1936.

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Displaying 1 - 5 of 5 reviews
Profile Image for Miranda YEUNG.
365 reviews16 followers
May 30, 2022



每個民族有自己的特質,如果我問你,德國人給你的刻板印象是什麼呢?認真?死板?不懂笑話?

原版在戰火時期1943年出版,書中分析了德國人的民族性格。一個了不起的民族,卻時不時發動戰爭。書裡排了4個段落,日耳曼人、普魯士人、戰敗的德國人和教育德國人。

書中幾點還蠻有趣,想跟大家分享。

德國人對制服的崇高敬意,果然不是外人能理解的。「缺乏自信,讓他們發展出指揮、命令他人的熱情,另一方面也發展出服從他人的狂熱。」

寧願有人去管著他們,規行矩步。「當德國人沒有上司長官時,他就會失去所有的秩序感。當他們被允許隨心所欲地行動時,他們會覺得好像地震或洪水毁壞了他們生活的所有規則。」

我覺得這本不算是一本中立立場的書,但我不抗拒從不同角度去了解歷史,可能這樣子才可以更有能力去分析事情吧。我猜我會再把書看一次,太多人和地名,要好好消化一下。
Profile Image for Shiki.
20 reviews
August 29, 2023
作者是猶太人,所以帶有非常尖銳的批判性。
在讀某些章節的時候會想到,這把德國兩字挖去換成現今的中國也很順。

在闡述德國不明白勝利者為什麼要友好跟公平對待被征服者。
想到諾曼地大空降這部HBO影集。
當進入尾聲時,德軍已經全面投降。
一名上校把配槍交出來要給溫特斯,但溫特斯拒絕了上校的配槍,並說了你可以繼續留著你的槍。
上校的表情感到非常不解。這一卡,當時看起來沒什麼感想。
但讀完這本書後,可以理解到美國人跟德國人本質上勝利者跟被征服者的巨大差異。
19 reviews1 follower
October 5, 2022
雖然已經知道作者是猶太人身分 可能會對德國人有一定程度的偏見

但儘管已經抱著這樣的心理準備 去閱讀這本書了

在過程中 還是不斷的被作者的文字 驚訝到

甚至會想著 是否作者的家庭是否在二次大戰時 有受到德國的迫害...等等

這本書 可以很快看完

但是作者的一些觀點 個人保持保留態度

或許它日體驗德國文化後 發現不如預期 才會再想把這本書拿出來看看

19 reviews1 follower
October 5, 2022
雖然已經知道作者是猶太人身分 可能會對德國人有一定程度的偏見

但儘管已經抱著這樣的心理準備 去閱讀這本書了

在過程中 還是不斷的被作者的文字 驚訝到

甚至會想著 是否作者的家庭是否在二次大戰時 有受到德國的迫害...等等

這本書 可以很快看完

但是作者的一些觀點 個人保持保留態度
Profile Image for Stephen Ng.
11 reviews
December 30, 2016
之前一直都有觀看關於德國及二戰的紀錄片及書籍,但是這幾天閲讀了這本在1943年出版的書,仿佛有一種被帶回二十世紀初,回顧一戰之後到二戰中期的感覺。

而從猶太裔作者Emil Ludwig在當時敍述及其觀點去認識更多關於德意志文族的傳統及過去等等,而進一步加深了對德國歴史的了解。

很喜歡在最後關於教育的一章作者所引用的一段:

「所以,你必須限制自己。「必須」是很難的,但這是男子漢能証明自己唯一途徑。」 - 歌德

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