A no more definitive biographical account could one ask for, "Witness to Hope" (or "Witness to Grope," as my sardonic brother said years ago) goes into extraordinary detail into the John Paul's theological, philosophical, personal, and ecclesiastical agendas, providing an almost completely chronological narrative of his 20 years in the papal office at the time of the writing. What this authoritative biography lacks compared to today's famously successful biographers (McCullough, Goodwin-Kerns, Isaacson, etc), I feel, is objectivity for the subject. This is a biography of reverence. Of course, the individual in question here is the Pope, the head of the Catholic church for a quarter of century and an enormous media figure in his day, but unfortunately, I felt George Weigel, its author, believed John Paul could and did do no wrong. When modern controversies existed at the time, Weigel identifies the controversies as the fault of "journalists" or "corrupt modern political organizations" such as the U.N., for misunderstanding the truths JPII was teaching through his administrative works and encyclicals. This subjective study should be understood as a literary work of a faithful Catholic journalist, but, in my estimate, this is not a particularly objective account of this man's life and pontifical body of work.
I set out reading this book to gain a wider understanding of both Catholicism and 20th century Western history and culture, and for sure, John Paul II was at the center of so much change and upheaval. I will not remember all the historical details within this book of course, but I did appreciate learning about his intellectual and scholarly, and even dramatic background. It gives a deeper understanding of a religious leader when one learns that he considered becoming a playwright and dramatist before deciding to become a priest. He was a champion of the humanities, and celebrations of culture. Culture drives history, one of his main tenets states, and it is the Catholic culture that could flourish to save the world from the cynical advances of modern culture. It is important to realize the backdrop JPII came from: in his early adult years, seeking out Catholic mass and the sacraments through secret channels during World War II in Poland; being at the political and ecumenical forefront of Communism's initial breakdown through Polish Solidarity union workers; and in the thick of women's rights and pro-life debates occurring globally in the 1990s. It is the culture of Catholicism he hoped would grow and evangelize the world so it would advance into the 21h century protecting human rights and freedom of religion.
The writing of this books stops in 2000, and I cannot but think how differently this definitive biography of the Pope would be if it were written after the terrorists attacks of 9/11 and the revelations of rampant sexual abuse by scores of Catholic priests. In this book he is described as the ultimate Pastor, looking over his flock and presiding over numerous pilgrimages to communities throughout the world. Revelations of widespread sexual abuse among priests and parishioners make it seem he perhaps wasn't as in touch with his global community, or the congregation of bishops, as he is described circa the year 2000. Or, perhaps more dishearteningly, he was aware of the abuse and chose not to act to stop it. We are living in the shadow of John Paul II's papacy. He was canonized a saint in 2014 amid protests of victims of sexual abuse. His legacy now is mixed, and complicated. Surely he was a major player on the world stage, and played a large role in expanding the communion of Catholic leaders as well as outreach of the laity, and making consistent efforts to mend broken relationships among other Christian communities to achieve ecclesiastic communion. But the presence of the controversy of sexual abuse looms large, and puts his achievements under a darker cloud than existed at the twilight of his reign.
Reading this book did place me in awe at this man's demonstrated kindness, faith in Christ, and optimism of human nature. I appreciated the commentary of his numerous encyclicals. I will add that this made me reconsider my positions of Catholic teachings that I've grown cynical to over the years, and provided the opportunity to contemplate judgments I had settled on over the years about decisions based on human responsibility, faithfulness, and morality.
Lastly I will add that this review of John Paul II's teachings, encyclicals, and doctrinal positions of his church adds to the ongoing definition of "modernity." Unfortunately for the Catholic Church, progressive and modern advances almost reflexively equate with immorality, and there appears a sense of skepticism and doubt of corruption when considering the advancing global culture of the 21st century. The cure to upcoming immorality and doubt about the future is faith in Jesus Christ (wasn't anyone in the Vatican listening to Radiohead in 1997? Our future with the robots and the computers is going to be OK ;-) ). As a millennial thinker, I have faith there is more optimism to be had with the current times and in modernity. We should embrace our traditions and learn from wisdom of scripture, but we have the opportunity to develop a humanism that embraces the possibilities of technology and science. Not the opportunity to develop the most awesomest iPhone ever, but the possibility to save lives with biomedicine, incorporate pragmatic family planning strategies, develop agriculture systems that not only increase efficiency in production but improve equal distribution to communities in need of nourishment, develop systems that will combat climate change, and create meaningful opportunities to speak with members of different faiths to find solutions to problems rather than reasons to exclude and ostracize. Modernity does not need to maintain that human life will become base an immoral, without regard to human sanctity; a positive embrace of changing modern times should look forward to the possibilities of what future scientists, philosophers, humanitarians, politicians, and preservers of culture could do to advance human morality and the opportunities of human nature. Pope Francis' Church seems like it could be taking this direction (and not just because Francis in on Instagram now). John Paul's thematic concern of preserving human rights and freedom of choice, perhaps, takes on a new definition in the 21st century; progress, one can hope, will involve a positive embrace of changing times, not an embrace of denial and ignorance, and simple retreat to dogma.