Отказ

by Franz Kafka, Франц Кафка, Соломон Апт (Translator)

Рассказы и романы Кафки аллегоричны, но не в обычном смысле этого слова; они являются, так сказать, математическими, алгебраическими символами — столько же условными, сколько реальными. Это своеобразие творческого метода Кафки возникло не само по себе. В нем явственно ощутимы традиции романтического и даже реалистического гротеска прошлого века. Гофман, Гоголь, Достоевский, новеллы Эдгара По — вот те источники, из которых питалось воображение писателя, стремившегося раскрыть некие потаенные, невидимые простым глазом, непознаваемые здравым рассудком отношения человека с действительностью и самим собой... Такими эти отношения представлялись ему, жившему в

Genres: Short Stories, Fiction, Classics, German Literature, Literature

1 pages, Kindle Edition

First published November 1, 1920

About the author

Prague-born writer Franz Kafka wrote in German, and his stories, such as " The Metamorphosis " (1916), and posthumously published novels, including The Trial (1925), concern troubled individuals in a nightmarishly impersonal world.

Jewish middle-class family of this major fiction writer of the 20th century spoke German. People consider his unique body of much incomplete writing, mainly published posthumously, among the most influential in European literature.

His stories include "The Metamorphosis" (1912) and " In the Penal Colony " (1914), whereas his posthumous novels include The Trial (1925), The Castle (1926) and Amerika (1927).

Despite first language, Kafka also spoke fluent Czech. Later, Kafka acquired some knowledge of the French language and culture from Flaubert, one of his favorite authors.

Kafka first studied chemistry at the Charles-Ferdinand University of Prague but after two weeks switched to law. This study offered a range of career possibilities, which pleased his father, and required a longer course of study that gave Kafka time to take classes in German studies and art history. At the university, he joined a student club, named Lese- und Redehalle der Deutschen Studenten, which organized literary events, readings, and other activities. In the end of his first year of studies, he met Max Brod, a close friend of his throughout his life, together with the journalist Felix Weltsch, who also studied law. Kafka obtained the degree of doctor of law on 18 June 1906 and performed an obligatory year of unpaid service as law clerk for the civil and criminal courts.

Writing of Kafka attracted little attention before his death. During his lifetime, he published only a few short stories and never finished any of his novels except the very short "The Metamorphosis." Kafka wrote to Max Brod, his friend and literary executor: "Dearest Max, my last request: Everything I leave behind me ... in the way of diaries, manuscripts, letters (my own and others'), sketches, and so on, [is] to be burned unread." Brod told Kafka that he intended not to honor these wishes, but Kafka, so knowing, nevertheless consequently gave these directions specifically to Brod, who, so reasoning, overrode these wishes. Brod in fact oversaw the publication of most of work of Kafka in his possession; these works quickly began to attract attention and high critical regard.

Max Brod encountered significant difficulty in compiling notebooks of Kafka into any chronological order as Kafka started writing in the middle of notebooks, from the last towards the first, et cetera.

Kafka wrote all his published works in German except several letters in Czech to Milena Jesenská.

Reviews

[Mohajerino]

«امتناع»نگاشته شده در پاییز 1920

[Madilyn Heim · Rating 5 out of 5]

I actually really enjoy his work, this was a very interesting narrative on a small town society trained to submit to the law without question.

[mayar¹⁷ (dk’s version) 🇵🇸 · Rating 3 out of 5]

read this for english class and i liked it honestly, i like to imagine what im reading as pictures in my mind and this was enjoyable.

[Alexa · Rating 4 out of 5]

quite interesting

[Osiadły. · Rating 2 out of 5]

Schizo sexist mf

[Lequay · Rating 3 out of 5]

Totally kafkaesque

[Aimee · Rating 1 out of 5]

Sexistisch und arrogant

[Flurrimint · Rating 4 out of 5]

Read this for school, was a pretty decent story. One thing that I do when I read is imagine the story as pictures, and in my head, the town was pretty cloudy and depressing. Don't know why this story got such bad reviews, it's just your average story. I kind of like Kafka's writing, I'll try to read another one of his stories.

[Or Avsian · Rating 4 out of 5]

Short story on how we submit to the law by a distant , impersonal authority without question. The only people discontent with this system are the young people (ages 17-20) mostly because everyone else has grown accustomed to this system even though most of their requests get denied. People are just relieved when they do not have to interact with the government officials.

[mia ୨୧ · Rating 3 out of 5]

read this in class idk how to feel about it, on one hand i liked it cuz like i finally got to read something and over analyze it in class, but on the other hand i have no clue what i was reading and i was kinda bored trying to figure out what every little thing meant

[Adria Mae · Rating 3 out of 5]

This text was used as an example for how to effectively teach high school English. The way I was taught was so engaging that I liked the story before I even read it. I read The Refusal after class, and I enjoyed it a great deal since I had a general understanding of the story prior to reading it.

[Brian Finch · Rating 4 out of 5]

An interesting short story about how people will just follow directions without ever stopping to ask why.

[az · Rating 2 out of 5]

definition of boring. Totally pointless, let’s not talk about the characters( waste of time).

[Aline. · Rating 2 out of 5]

Score: 4/10 (2 stars)
We get it Kafka you hate Bureaucracy

[trains · Rating 3 out of 5]

i found it interesting

[Jubilee Rayne]

I read this for my English class, however I’d like to reread it before giving it a proper review and rating; therefore, I’ll be back.

[David · Rating 3 out of 5]

Odd little reflection on authoritarianism.

[yara · Rating 3 out of 5]

If im being honest, i wasn’t exactly sure what i was reading. I did however enjoy the writing, very Kafka of him.

[Ashleigh · Rating 2 out of 5]

ehhh.... kinda boring had to read for my ela class.

[Hedi · Rating 1 out of 5]

Das ist die Franz-Kafka-Version von Typen, die nach einem Korb sagen „macht nichts, warst eh hässlich“