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212 pages, Paperback
First published October 11, 2016



from "american indias"
but beyond literary history, beyond the many pleasures of the individual poems, it could serve the function of translation at its best—that is, as inspiration. here are ways of writing poetry that do not exist in our language, but, transformed, could.
The literature of the neighbourhood is still being written in the last neighbourhoods—the penthouses or the slums. But what will be the literature of the megalopolis? Already late modernism, so-called postmodernism, is perhaps pointing the way: the novel that is short on memorable characters or compelling narrative, long on pyrotechnical wordplay and a glut of information; the poem that is a string of disconnected ironies and pastiches of appropriated language. A literature with everyone and no one, a literature where—as is said of the slightly crazed—“there’s nobody home.” I suspect that those of us raised in the modern city, and raised in modernism, won’t understand it at all. [96–7]
In the 1st century CE, The Life of Adam and Eve may or may not have been written in Hebrew or an undetermined Semitic language. It survives in Greek, Latin, Slavonic, Georgian, and Armenian versions, and was translated or adapted scores of times throughout the Middle Ages.
Diagrams Illustrating the Mystery of the Cultivation of Truth, the Mystery of the Supreme Pole, and the Mystery of the Primordial Chaos
by Anonymous (12th century)
Contains only diagrams with no explanations.
Gradual Enlightenment
by Ma Tan-yang (1123-1184)
Contains poems where the first character is deliberately omitted.
Panglukhu. Cloth to cover the head, payable to a cuckold by the man who has slept with the wife.
Classical Indian poetry, with its millennia of texts, its many languages, its oceanic vastness, remains the largest blank on the Western map of world literature. But beyond literary history, beyond the many pleasures of the individual poems, it could serve the function of translation at its best – that is, as inspiration. Here are ways of writing poetry that do not exist in our language, but, transformed, could.
But the modern city is, or was, as is less often said, a collection of neighborhoods. In the neighborhood, not all the names are known, but the faces are familiar. The stereotypical anonymity of the modern city is in its mercantile districts, or on its transportation, or in someone else's neighborhood. Even speech was once narrowly local: In my city, New York, neighborhoods-except for the very poor-tended to be organized more by ethnicity than class. In my childhood, each still retained an identifiable way of speaking. Air-conditioning erased that sense of community, keeping everyone indoors in the summer, off the streets and in their own apartments-watching television, that overwhelming homogenizer of language.
This is a chronicle of the Bush Era with no colored-coded Terror Alerts; no Freedom Fries; no Halliburton; no Healthy Forest Initiative (which opened up wilderness areas to logging); no Clear Skies Act (which reduced air pollution standards); no New Freedom Initiative (which proposed testing all Americans, beginning with school children, for mental illness); no pamphlets sold by the National Parks Service explaining that the Grand Canyon was created by the Flood; no research by the National Institutes of Health on whether prayer can cure cancer ("imperative," because poor people have limited access to health care); no cover-up of the death of football star Pat Tillman by "friendly fire" in Afghanistan; no "Total Information Awareness" from the Information Awareness Office; no Project for the New American Century; no invented heroic rescue of Pvt. Jessica Lynch; no Fox News; no hundreds of millions spent on "abstinence education." It does not deal with the Cheney theory of the "unitary executive"-essentially that neither the Congress nor the courts can tell the president what to do-or Bush's frequent use of "signing statements" to indicate that he would completely ignore a bill that the Congress had just passed.
(...)
The book states that, for him, the worst moment of his presidency was-not 9/11, or the hundreds of thousands he killed or maimed, or the millions he made homeless in Iraq and jobless in the United States-but when the rapper Kanye West said, in a fundraiser for Katrina victims, that Bush didn't care about black people.
West was only half right. Bush is not particularly racist. He never portrayed Hispanics as hordes of scary invaders; Condi was his workout buddy and virtually his second wife; he was in awe of Colin Powell; and he was most comfortable in the two most integrated sectors of American society, the military and professional sports. It wasn't that he didn't care about black people. Outside of his family, he didn't care about people, and Billy Graham taught him that "we cannot earn God's love through good deeds"-only through His grace, which Bush knew he had already received.
Francis Xavier-whose source was an accommodating, illiterate, renegade Japanese wanted for murder, whom he met in Malacca in 1547-initially believed that the Buddha was not an idol but, like Moses, had ordered the smashing of idols in the name of the One God. Two years later, when he arrived in Japan, Xavier changed his mind, calling the Buddha "the pure invention of demons." Trying to teach the Japanese the truth, he transformed the Latin deus into the Japanese daiusu, which unfortunately sounded like dai uso, a big lie.
For their part, the Asians also looked for the familiar in these mys terious visitors. Some thought the Jesuits were Buddhist monks from India, but they couldn't understand why these men would wear an image of Devadatta around their necks. (Devadatta was the Buddha's evil nemesis, who tried to assassinate him on various occasions, and ended up in the worst of the sixteen hells, impaled on stakes.) It must mean that these men in robes were some sort of anti-Buddhist cult-in Western terms, Satanists.
It was recorded in the 14th century, in the History of the Sung Dynasty, that the Empress Chang-i dreamed that there were two suns in the sky, that one of them fell and that she caught it with the front of her gown. It was also recorded that she dreamed that someone barefoot, dressed in feathers, came through her window.
It was recorded in the 10th century, in Elegant Chats from a Commandery Studio, that Chang Chiung was unable to write poetry. He dreamed that a many-colored cloud came down from the sky, and that he grabbed a piece and ate it. It was noted that he became a master poet.
It was recorded in the 7th century, in the History of the Chin Dynasty, that Mistress Chang dreamed that the sun entered her body. It was noted that she was pregnant for fifteen months.