This study provides an interpretation of Nietzsche`s philosophy in the context of 19th century philosophy of mind and cognition. It explains Nietzsche`s notion of truth his epistemology his notions of the split and fragmented subject, of master, slave, and priest furthermore, it offers a new view on the enigmatic ""eternal recurrence"". It also shows how aspects of Nietzsche`s thinking can be read as a sophisticated critique of ideology.