While American political resolve to resist British colonial policies in North America assumed a pacifistic veneer at the Continental Congress in the summer of 1775, clashing personalities and armies on battlefields to the north of Philadelphia arguably shaped events more critically than schoolbook history conveys. It is that lesser appreciated story that Mr. Beck offers as his authoritative and eminently readable ‘The War Before Independence.’
This books follows up on ‘Igniting the Revolution’ by picking up the story of the Siege Of Boston from the days immediately following the outbreak of hostilities at Lexington and Concord through its successful conclusion for the American Continentals in March of 1776. The other major campaign of this period – the invasion of Canada – is chronicled in the same engaging manner. The book contains a detailed account of the Battle of Bunker Hill and the epic winter trek led by Henry Knox bringing Fort Ticonderoga's heavy cannon, weapons deployed brilliantly by George Washington to break the siege. Readers may be surprised by the out-sized impact at the Second Continental Congress of news of skirmishes in May of 1775. Equally enlightening is Beck’s account of how the Continental Army became a more effective institution and fighting force by weathering early challenges of organizing the artillery, dealing with cowardice and confused chain of command revealed at Bunker Hill, and establishing the rule of law evident in the court marshal of Dr. Benjamin Church, America’s first notable spy. Victory at the Siege of Boston was achieved with a brilliant strategy and grit , resulted in minimal loss of life, and spared occupied Boston from destruction. The campaign embodied American aspirations in war and served as an arena for Washington’s maturation as a military leader. Meanwhile the Canadian foray offers a counterpoint, where early revolutionary fervor, heroics, and Benedict Arnold’s audacity could not prevail in the face of equipment gaps and a smallpox epidemic.
This is a companion volume to ‘Igniting the Revolution,’ but stands alone. One can read and enjoy one or both. Those more into popular military history should start with ‘The War Before the Revolution,’ since the focus is entirely on conflict and personalities once the military contest began.
Derek Beck continues with his signature cinematic, writing immersing the reader in dramatic scenes. You will feel that you are an active witness of events and personalities from both the American and British perspectives. Characterizations are novelistic and flow freely. Yet seventeen appendices prove the depth and breadth of primary sources consulted. Appendices and end-notes together number almost 140 pages in fine print, treasure troves sure to delight antiquarians. General readers will do fine confining themselves to the main narrative, and can be assured that what they are reading is based on meticulous scholarship.
As the modern biographer of Dr. Joseph Warren, a founding figure of the Revolutionary era, I was delighted to see his agency interwoven into the main narrative. An appendix corrects myths concerning Warren's heroics at the Battle of Bunker Hill (Breed’s Hill for the purists, Charlestown Entrenchments to many contemporaries).
I note that the action takes place chiefly in New England, Northern New York, and Canada. This is not a regional bias but rather a fact of how the Revolutionary War played out. The chief theaters of war in 1775 and the first few months of 1776 were predominantly in the north. One might say that what was begun in the North was finished and decided in the South in the early 1780s. I quibble. Do read ‘Igniting the Revolution.’ You will never again think of the eighteen months prior to the Declaration of Independence in quite the same way.
- Samuel A. Forman, author of Dr. Joseph Warren: The Boston Tea Party, Bunker Hill, and the Birth of American Liberty and the young adult historical novel Twenty-One Heroes.