Rosario Castellanos Figueroa (25 May 1925 – 7 August 1974) was a Mexican poet and author. Along with the other members of the Generation of 1950 (the poets who wrote following the Second World War, influenced by César Vallejo and others), she was one of Mexico's most important literary voices in the last century. Throughout her life, she wrote eloquently about issues of cultural and gender oppression, and her work has influenced feminist theory and cultural studies. Though she died young, she opened the door of Mexican literature to women, and left a legacy that still resonates today.
Throughout her career, Castellanos wrote poetry, essays, one major play, and three novels: the semi-autobiographical Balún Canán and Oficio de tinieblas (translated into English as The Book of Lamentations) depicting a Tzotzil indigenous uprising in Chiapas based on one that had occurred in the 19th century. Despite being a ladino – of mestizo, not indigenous descent – Castellanos shows considerable concern and understanding for the plight of indigenous peoples. "Cartas a Ricardo," a collection of her letters to her husband Ricardo Guerra was published after her death as was her third novel, Rito de iniciación. Rosario Castellanos said of the collection of her letters in Cartas a Ricardo that she considered them to be her autobiography. Rito de iniciación is in the bildungsroman tradition about a young woman who discovers her vocation of a writer. Castellanos' poem, "Valium 10," is in the confessional mode, and is a great feminist poem comparable to Sylvia Plath's "Daddy."
No, no es la solución tirarse bajo un tren como la Ana de Tolstoy ni apurar el arsénico de Madame Bovary ni aguardar en los páramos de Ávila la visita del ángel con venablo antes de liarse el manto a la cabeza y comenzar a actuar.
Ni concluir las leyes geométricas, contando las vigas de la celda de castigo como lo hizo Sor Juana. No es la solución escribir, mientras llegan las visitas, en la sala de estar de la familia Austen ni encerrarse en el ático de alguna residencia de la Nueva Inglaterra y soñar, con la Biblia de los Dickinson, debajo de una almohada de soltera.
Debe haber otro modo que no se llame Safo ni Mesalina ni María Egipciaca ni Magdalena ni Clemencia Isaura.