This is a lavishly illustrated edition of some of the stories from the famous One Thousand and One Nights collection of Arabian folk tales. It is beautifully produced with stitched sections of heavy quality Art paper used for the text. Interwoven are batches of thinner glossy paper, containing superb reproductions of watercolours by Edmund Dulac. Dulac's style is similar to that of Arthur Rackham and Kay Nielsen. All three artists produced many illustrations for books of folk and fairy tales, during the early part of the 20th century. The adaptor of the stories is Laurence Housman, himself a playwright and writer, and brother of the more famous poet A.E. Housman. A first impression of the book would give this beautiful book a far higher star rating.
However, it is a mystery as to why these six stories were chosen. They are not of the highest calibre, and the only famous one is "Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves". Two of the stories also segue into the next story; for instance at the end of the first story, the main character in the former story relates the second story. Counted this way, there are only four stories in the entire volume!
The romantic idea of Scheherazade is well-known. A young girl, Scheherazade, had been chosen to become the thousandth wife of a Sultan. However, the sultan married a different young girl every day, having had the previous day's wife beheaded. Scheherazade desperately attempted to stave off the day when she would be excecuted by telling the sultan intriguing and long spun-out stories. Every day she begged the sultan to spare her life for just one more day, to finish the story the next night. What resulted, in theory, was a collection of "One Thousand and One" exciting, irresistible stories.
It is perhaps not so generally known, however, that although these stories are linked by their similarities, they are in fact by many different authors. The origins of these stories are Persian, Indian and Arabic folklore. As the centuries passed more stories were added - from Baghdad and Egypt. The exact number has always been fluid, although the most complete edition was by the Victorian orientalist, explorer, traveller and translator Sir Richard Burton. He collected many of these stories together and produced what we now think of as the definitive version. Many of our modern editions take his as their source.
Some of them, such as Aladdin, and all the voyages of Sindbad, are such good yarns that they have continued to be passed down through history into many cultures. Many of the stories seem to have common themes such as heroic deeds, rescuing fair maidens, fighting monsters - and common elements such as magic objects, the magic of the number three, narrative repetition, and so on. These are devices common to most folk tales.
The stories in this volume are:
"The Fisherman and the Genie
The Story of the King of the Ebony Isles (also known as "The Tale of the Ensorcelled Prince")
Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves
The Story of the Magic Horse"
As mentioned earlier, "The Fisherman and the Genie" seems to stop in the middle. The main character, the fisherman, begins relating the next tale in the book "The Story of the King of the Ebony Isles". He then vanishes completely, until the end of the second story, where there is a nod in his direction, to provide a happy ending for him, being "loaded with honours" and all his daughters married to princes (another common theme.)
A similar thing happens with "The Story of the Wicked Half-Brother". In this one, there is no ending, except that a main character - a princess this time - narrates the last story, "The Story of the Princess of Deryabar". Yet here there is no attempt to link back to the first story; the reader is left adrift.
For a modern reader, the stories are fanciful, whimsical, with fantastic imagery and unpredictability. On the other hand we no longer have the sense of wonder that earlier audiences used to have, and we also react negatively against the current perceptions and thinking of the time. In these stories, all the good people are beautiful, all the evil people are ugly - and vice versa. One can recognise a princess - even in the direst circumstances - by her bearing and beauty. All the slaves are negros, and all are described as brutal and of hideous aspect. It goes without saying that if an evil monster has a human aspect, it will be a negro. The more wives a man has, and the more beautiful, young, and docile, the better. After several such stories, these conventions become a little wearing. Racism is almost endemic from literature of this period, but in the best literature there is something more, something to to lift it above its time, so that the reader looks at it in context, within a certain part of history.
A modern reader has different ideas about what consitutes a good story too. We expect everything to be nicely tied up, with no loose ends, and a proper structure with everything explained and consistent. We analyse more and value logic more in our everyday lives than ancient folk ever did. We have lost our love of the discursive, the lengthy, the hammering home of prejudices, and for much of the time we have lost our sense of wonder too.
Perhaps after all, six of these lesser stories from the "thousand" is enough. It may be better to stick to the familiar ones which have withstood the test of time. "Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves" is the best of this collection. It is humorous throughout, and even tongue-in-cheek in parts. The characters are more fully rounded, and satisfying to a modern reader. In a comedy, we all love to be in the know about why some characters are being fooled. In a way, it is a modern farce, and also a moral fable about good and evil.
Overall this particular book has to merit an average rating. Perhaps it would be as well to regard it as an Art book, as the illustrations are superb. They are evocative and stylish. The Arabic villages and towns; the interiors, trappings and clothes are perfectly illustrated, and often painted as night scenes, with the weather affecting the mood. The grotesque characters often have a cartoonish quality; the beautiful or handsome ones are reminiscent of stylised fashion plates or film stars from the 1920's. There is even sometimes a touch of Art Nouveau about them. Even so, there is a drawback. The illustrations do not coordinate with the relevant stories. Often they are inserted into the wrong place.
Altogether this is a frustrating reading experience.