This is a textbook about the various theories of personality in psychology. For the purposes of the book and for purposes of psychological study, personality as a construct is defined as "a pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and individuality to a person's behavior" (p. 4). The textbook I read is the seventh edition (it has since been updated, and I will soon read that for a course), which covers the following kinds of personality theories: psychodynamic, humanistic/existential, dispositional, and learning theories.
One of the benefits of this textbook is that the author Jess Feist evaluates each theory at the end of every chapter according to how useful it has been as a theory and also in terms of the theory's overarching view of human nature. The criteria the author looks at for whether the theory is useful is (1) how well it has generated research, (2) whether the theory is falsifiable (that is, whether it could in principle be disproven), (3) its organization of data (integrating well what is currently known about human behavior and personality development coherently), (4) its guide to action (that is, the theory's relevance to other areas outside of the psychological domain, including with parents, teachers, politicians, and so on), (5) its internal consistency (that is, a theory that has premises that are logically compatible with its other premises), and (6) its parsimony (how simple and straightforward the theory would be to explain phenomena as compared to other theories in terms of simplicity and straightforwardness). The dimensions of human nature that the author looks at for each theory revolve around various philosophical issues, issues related to (1) free will v. determinism for thought and behavior, (2) pessimism v. optimism vis-a-vis human beings, (3) causality v. teleology in the explanation of human behavior, (4) biological v. social influences in shaping personality, (5) a focus on conscious elements v. unconscious elements determining human thought and behavior, and (6) the focus on uniqueness v. similarities among human beings and making judgments about human beings. You can read for yourself as to how the theories stack up based on the above criteria for usefulness of the theories and in terms of the pictures of human nature they create.
Although I enjoyed the textbook and the author's honesty, regarding the theoretical criteria, in many respects the fact that this textbook contains so many theories about personality that are false looks to me to be embarrassingly bad. Imagine opening up a physics textbook and having upward to a few hundred passages devoted to Greek theories of bodies in motion and bodies at rest. Imagine reading page after page of descriptions that have such principles as the following: (1) Bodies fall toward the ground because near the ground is where a body's natural position is. (2) Bodies fall more quickly as they get closer to the ground because they are more excited to be near the ground as they get closer to it. The first principle I just gave is essentially meaningless. The second is false and attributes human intentions to falling bodies. Reading this textbook about personality theories was, for me, much like reading those principles I just wrote. Many of the personality theories advocate false or meaningless principles, some advocate principles that are neither provable nor disprovable, some advocate principles based on little empirical evidence, and so on. The state of personality theory in psychology is embarrassingly bad if so much of this bad philosophy can still dominate the arena of how we think about personality. It's like physics, pre-Newton.