Hermann Karl Hesse (Pseudonym Emil Sinclair; 2. Juli 1877 in Calw, Königreich Württemberg, Deutsches Reich; † 9. August 1962 in Montagnola, Kanton Tessin, Schweiz) war ein deutschsprachiger Schriftsteller, Dichter und Maler. Bekanntheit erlangte er mit Prosawerken wie Siddhartha oder Der Steppenwolf und mit seinen Gedichten (z. B. Stufen). 1946 wurde ihm der Nobelpreis für Literatur und 1954 der Orden Pour le mérite für Wissenschaften und Künste verliehen.
Many works, including Siddhartha (1922) and Steppenwolf (1927), of German-born Swiss writer Hermann Hesse concern the struggle of the individual to find wholeness and meaning in life; he won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1946.
Other best-known works of this poet, novelist, and painter include The Glass Bead Game, which, also known as Magister Ludi, explore a search of an individual for spirituality outside society.
In his time, Hesse was a popular and influential author in the German-speaking world; worldwide fame only came later. Young Germans desiring a different and more "natural" way of life at the time of great economic and technological progress in the country, received enthusiastically Peter Camenzind, first great novel of Hesse.
Throughout Germany, people named many schools. In 1964, people founded the Calwer Hermann-Hesse-Preis, awarded biennially, alternately to a German-language literary journal or to the translator of work of Hesse to a foreign language. The city of Karlsruhe, Germany, also associates a Hermann Hesse prize.